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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
2017 Vol.34 Issue.15
Published 2017-08-10
1
Research on the Issue about the Joint Invention in the Open Innovation Platform
Liu Di
Recently, in relation to the open innovation platform, the most researches focused on the market strategy and model's construction, rather than on issues about the ownership, allocation and exploitation from an Intellectual Property Law perspective. In fact, how to settle the issue of joint rights in the Intellectual Property (patents and trade secrets), which would affect the final achievement of the open innovation in this platform directly, and subsequently the operation of the platform. On basis of the legal certainty and transparency about the joint invention, both the domestic and international legislations are not sound, even it is need to make a choice between IP laws and contract if necessary. Therefore, in a "Popular entrepreneurship and innovation" scenario, there is a resolution that providers and users of these platforms, and the government may cooperate to deal with this issue synthetically.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 1-9 [
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Research on Haier's Business Model Innovation Based on the Grounded Theory
Wang Shuilian, Wang Jie
The arrival of Internet economic provide an opportunity for enterprise business model innovation.This paper uses the grounded theory research methods and selects Haier as the research object.According to the value proposition, the value source, the value production, the value exchange of business model innovation context and the cause and effect layer, strategic layer, action layer and support layer of the longitudinal structure, taking diversified business innovation platform as the core.It provides the reference to other companies in upward management of the uncertain environment, multiple value of platform polymerization, accumulation of the hidden resources.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 10-14 [
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458
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15
Influencing Factors of International Research Achievement Output of College Teachers
Wang Xianya
Exploring the influencing factors of international research achievement output of college teachers is conducive to know the deep-rooted behind the phenomenon, and is quite helpful to guide teacher research internationalization. Based on grounded theory, four types of factors are found. They are external driving factors including environment support and environment drive, internal driving factors including research ideal and international ability, mediating factor international intention and moderating factor research spirit. External driving factors and internal driving factors can play a promoted role to international achievement output through mediating factor. Moderating factor has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between mediating factor and international achievement output.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 15-19 [
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425
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20
Finance Constraintand R&D Efficiency Based on Internal Control
Liu Guichun,Ye ChenGang
The article theoretically analyzes and empirically tests the relationship between internal control and R&D efficiency on the basis of constructing the enterprise finance constraint index and using the stochastic frontier model. The relationship between finance constraints and R&D efficiency is more significant in the enterprises whose internal control are better, while the relationship is not significant in the enterprises whose internal control are worse. The results imply that internal control has a positive effect on R&D efficiency and internal control can improve business efficiency of enterprises. At last, we make a comparison of the impact of finance constraint on R&D efficiency between post C-SOX relative to pre-C-SOX period, and we find the positive relation is not significant but reinforces.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 20-26 [
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27
The Dilemma of the Southern Nations Vision in Technology Foresight
Zhou Pin
Hot!
With the rapid development of its innovation capability, China is gradually transforming from one of the Southern Nations to an innovation-led country, which is similar to Japan's previous path. The Southern Nations are faced with challenges for technology foresight due to their weak innovation capability and lack of knowledge accumulation, which may compromise the results of technology foresight. According to the theory of information asymmetry, there is a great of gap between the Northern and the Southern Nations in terms of information acquired. Generally, developed countries with more information (the North) are in a more favorable position; on the contrary, developing countries (the South) are at a comparative disadvantage. Therefore, if the South blindly copy the theory and practice of technology foresight from the North, they may fall into the trap of the Southern Nations' vision. With increasing impact globally, China is playing a very important role on innovation. In order to avoid the Southern Nations Vision dilemma, technology foresight should be carried out in the context of global innovation, and stay away from interference such as technological nationalism.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 27-31 [
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32
The Evaluation of Local Government Behavior Based on the Financing Efficiency of Technology-based Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises
Xu Yulian,Zhao Wenyang,Wang Yudong
The financing efficiency of technology-based micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises(MSMEs) is measured by the availability of funds, capital cost and time cost. The concept model of local government behavior to support the financing efficiency of technology-based MSEMs is constructed based on exploratory factor analysis using the survey data of Heilongjiang Province. The effect of different types of government behavior on financing efficiency is analyzed by using structural equation model method. The research shows that the effect of cultivating the market capital supply is the best, followed by reducing the degree of information asymmetry and decentralizing (reducing) the risk of enterprise innovation, and direct financial support is not significant. The suggestions are put forward to improve financing efficiency of technology-based MSEMs for the government behavior of Heilongjiang province.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 32-37 [
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38
Research on the Spatial Effect of Local Government's Investment in Science and Technology under Transfer Payment
Luo Guiming
Based on the provincial panel data of 1997-2014, the influence factors and the spatial effect of local government investment in science and technology were analyzed. The analysis results show that the fiscal decentralization has positive effect on the investment of science and technology, the government competition and human capital investment have a positive effect on the investment of science and technology; The impact of fiscal decentralization of local government on science and technology investment would lead to positive imitation behavior in the adjacent areas, and the positive effect of spatial spillover effect on the investment in science and technology. The influence of government competition and human capital investment on science and technology investment can cause the negative imitation behavior of neighboring regions. It is necessary for the local government to allocate scientific and technological investment in the proportion of financial expenditure, to deal with the relationship between government competition, human capital investment and investment in science and technology.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 38-41 [
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42
The Negative Impact of Resource Dependency on Regional Innovation Performance and Transmission Mechanism
Li Li
Based on relevant literature, this paper explores the relationship of resource dependency, enterprises' innovation demand and regional innovation performance, and then put forwards a series of hypotheses. Using panel data of 30 provinces in China during 2007-2015, the empirical analysis examines the above hypotheses. The empirical results show that: The regional resource dependency has crowding-out effect on its innovation performance. The enterprises' demand for innovator and innovative technology have positive effect on the regional innovation performance. The regional resource dependency has significant negative effect on the enterprises' demand for innovator, innovative funds and technology. So that, the negative effect of resource dependency on enterprises' innovation demand is transmission channel in crowding-out effect of resource dependence on regional innovation. Then, this paper analyzes the nature of the transmission effect of the enterprises' demand for innovator and innovative technology, and calculates the ratio of shading effect to direct effect and the mediating effect in the total effect. Therefore, in resource-based regions, institutional innovation is the key to stimulate enterprises' endogenous demand for technology innovation. Moreover, the resource-based industry chains should be extended so as to change their technical attributes and strengthen their perception to usefulness of technological innovation.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 42-48 [
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49
Chinese Manufacturing Industry Transformation and Upgrading and the New Smiling Curve Theory
Sun Desheng,Liu Feng,Chen Zhi
Aiming at the shortage of Chinese manufacturing industry transformation and upgrading theory, the paper introduces one new variable, scientific and technical level, into traditional smiling curve model. It is found that traditional smiling curve theory and inverse smiling curve theory only describes half of the industrial chain added value cure，only the combination them together constitute the complete smiling curve theory, namely new smiling curve theory. Based on the new theory，the paper puts forward three new viewpoint about Chinese manufacturing industry transformation and upgrading:① increasing investment in science and technology, doing scientific and technological innovation, enhancing scientific and technical level is the fundamental path of Chinese manufacturing industry transformation and upgrading regardless of which one to choose the path of transformation and upgrading.②The division of the value chain's the high-end and low-end actually is a dynamic, changing concept, as long as the increasing the manufacturing sector investment in science and technology, actively carrying out scientific and technological innovation, significantly enhance the level of science and technology to a certain degree, the manufacturing sectors can also become high-end of the value chain.③For the majority of Chinese manufacturing enterprises, its most suitable path of transformation and upgrading is directly in the production and manufacturing sectors to upgrade rather than rising along both ends of industrial chain.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 49-54 [
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55
Research on the Performance Evaluation and Government’s Force Simulation of the Equipment Manufacturing Industry Technology Synergy Innovation
Si Linbo,Meng Weidong
By using MaxDEA software, CCR model, BCC model and shadow price analysis are used to construct the combined DEA model to evaluate the technical innovation performance of equipment manufacturing industry. According to the results of the evaluation, the author analyzes the result of the simulation, and divides the equipment manufacturing industry and its sub-industries into the comprehensive force-the complex growth type, the policy incentive force -the steady growth type, the government support Force-fluctuation growth type. Finally, according to the performance evaluation and simulation results, the author puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the development of the equipment manufacturing industry and its sub-industries, as well as the further strengthening of the government’s force.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 55-64 [
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65
Study on Input-Output Structure of Automobile Industry during Clustering Process under the Perspective of Complex Network
Guan Jun,Xu Zelei,Xing Lizhi
The degree of correlation between the various economic and technical products division between different countries or areas in economic system can use the input-output table to describe the data,and the data can be presented in the form of matrix,by directly or indirectly after treatment can be used as the adjacency matrix of complex networks,and then formed a kind of weighted network to some.According to the national input-output data and construct the globe industrial strongest relevant networks,and then select the specific product and construct the global industrial cluster development network as the core department.In the end using the weighted coefficient,will research the function and status of automobile manufacturing industry as the core product department in economics systems.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 65-71 [
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72
Promotion Incentive and Innovation Performance of ChiNext Company
Zhu Yongming,Jia Ming'e,Zhao Chengcheng
This paper investigated the impact of internal promotion incentive on innovation performance with a sample of the Chinese ChiNext companies．The empirical results show that the internal top managers' promotion incentive inhibits the input and output of the enterprise innovation project,and the staffs' promotion incentive promotes the innovation level of the enterprise.Under the situation that the enterprise R&D investment remains unchanged,the top managers' incentive will inhibit the innovation out of the enterprise.Staffs' promotion incentive are significantly positive to the innovation performance of enterprise.Further research shows that the effect of promotion incentive on enterprise innovation performance will be different due to the difference of enterprise growth.The research re-recognizes the influence of the promotion contract on the innovation performance,and has important theoretical and practical significance to the motivation mechanism of the enterprise personnel.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 72-79 [
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80
The Impact of Managerial Entrenchment on the Firm Innovation Investment
Wu Jianxiang,Li Bingxiang,Zhang Chunsheng
The paper investigates the impact of managerial entrenchment on the firm innovation investment in the transition period by using the regression analysis method, using Chinese A-shares of listed companies 2009-2014 as samples. The managerial entrenchment is divided into three dimensions, including the characteristics of human capital, incentive and supervision characteristics about manager, to analyze the influence of characteristic variable in the three dimensions on the level of firm innovation investment. In the all samples, the results show that CEO's age and cost of conversion work are negatively correlated with the level of innovation investment, CEO's tenure presents an inverted U relations with the level of innovation investment, other characteristic variables are positively correlated with the level of innovation investment. By dividing samples into different groups based on property right, it finds that CEO's age, tenure and duality are significantly affect the level of enterprise innovation investment only in state-owned enterprises, and the relationship is not established in the non-state owned enterprises. This paper provides the mechanism and evidence of the influence of enterprise managers' management on the level of innovation investment in enterprises with different property rights, the results can help to improve the level of enterprise innovation investment by adjusting the driving factors of manager' entrenchment.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 80-86 [
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87
Research on the Influencing Factors of Enterprise's Continuous Innovation
Duan Haiyan
Use continuous patent time, continuous patent number, continuous invention time and continuous invention number as the measurement of continuous innovation. Based on the theoretical analysis of the impact of firm size, firm profitability, debt financing, equity structure and executive's incentive on enterprise's continuous innovation, it puts forward relevant assumptions, does empirical test taking "Chinese listed companies patent research database" in CSMAR from 1985 to 2015 as sample. The results show that firm size is positively related with continuous innovation. Firm profitability and debt financing have no significant influence on continuous innovation. As for ownership structure, the proportion of the first shareholder is negatively related with continuous patent time and continuous invention time, while it has no significant influence on continuous patent number or continuous invention number. The proportion of institutional investors is positively related with continuous patent time, but the impact is not significant as to other dependent variables. Executive's short-term incentive is positively related with continuous innovation which is measured by annual compensation, while executive's long-term incentive's positive impact on continuous innovation which is measure by shareholding ratio is not brought into play completely. This study has important theoretical and practical significance on how to guide enterprises to continuous innovation, and explore different paths and patterns which are conducive to continuous innovation.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 87-93 [
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An Affect Mechanism of Innovation Culture on IT-Business Alignment
Gu Meiling,Bi Xinhua
This study builds mechanism model of how innovation culture affect IT-business alignment through two mediated variable: IT governance and social dimension and compares the path difference between organic and mechanical structure. Using 236 valid questionnaires from northeast China to test the theoretical model, the results show that the innovation culture has not only direct influence on IT-business alignment, but also indirect effects on IT- business alignment through IT governance and social dimensions. In addition, organic and mechanical structure have different influence path. On this basis, this study put forward some countermeasures to improve IT-business alignment.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 94-100 [
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101
The Common Traps and the Surpassing Strategy of Research Performance Quantitative Evaluation in Universities
Tang Jianmin,Qiu Junping
How to assess research performance of each university, and their internal institutions, disciplines and researchers in an overall, objective and reasonable way, is the most important and difficult problem that each university needs to solve.Currently, most universities have different degrees of bias in scientific research evaluation, which partial originates from three different traps: the difference of disciplines is not enough understood; the amount of scientific research results is not enough understood; the developing speed of various scientific research activities and results is not enough understood.According to these situations, this essay adopts a research assessment method on the basis of similar comparison principle, which combines quantity and proportion, emphasizes that scientific research management department should comprehensively grasp property differences of all disciplines, collection scope of all kinds of database, changes of total amount and developing trend of scientific research output.And this method can assess research development situation of universities more scientifically, more fairly and more reasonably.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 101-106 [
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107
Research on Evaluation of Collaborative Innovation Capability of Emergency Industry Cluster Based on Network
Song Yinghua,Lu Tingting,Fang Danhui,Wang Zhe
With the rapid development of China's economy and society as well as the increasing demands of public security, emergency industry is rapidly growing. Emergency industry as an emerging industry, innovation is the primary driver and the operation of the collaborative innovation network is the important impetus to improve its innovation capability. This paper analyzes the elements of its emergency industry cluster collaborative innovation network and builds operation mechanism such as collaborative coupling, innovation power, communication studies, joint complementary, evaluation feedback, etc. On the basis of the combination of emergency industry development present situation and characteristics, building the evaluation index system and the corresponding evaluation model, choosing Suizhou city of emergency special vehicles in Hubei province to do empirical analysis using the gray multi-level comprehensive evaluation method and putting forward the proposal to promote emergency special vehicles industrial cluster collaborative innovation capability.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 107-113 [
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Study on the Influence of Knowledge Transfer of Innovation Network on Firm's Innovation Performance
Guo Tao,Xing Lu,Huang Yao
Knowledge transfer of innovation network is an important force to develop cooperation innovation and improve innovation performance; Exploration innovation and exploitation innovation are guarantee for enterprise to change successfully and maintain existing strengths, which will promote innovation performance. This paper has presented a relationship model for analyzing knowledge transfer and firm's innovation performance with ambidextrous innovation (exploration innovation and exploitation innovation) as the mediator variable. By conducting an empirical study of 526 sample Chinese firms, it shows that: Knowledge transfer has significant positive effects on exploration innovation and exploitation innovation; Knowledge transfer has significant positive effects on firm's innovation performance; Both exploration innovation and exploitation innovation have significant positive effects on firm's innovation performance, and the balance between exploration innovation and exploitation innovation is more beneficial in promoting firm's innovation performance; (4) Both exploration innovation and exploitation innovation play a partly intermediary role between knowledge transfer and firm's innovation performance.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 114-119 [
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120
Research on the Influence Mechanism of Team Introspection on
Li Baizhou,Dong Hengmin
Knowledge sharing is the key factor that influences the performance of enterprise innovation.How to improve the ability of team knowledge sharing ability,to make the enterprise has made significant knowledge advantage and win in the fierce competition,is becoming a hot topic among enterprises.Choosing transactive memory system as intermediary variables and social capital as regulating variable,this paper explores the influence mechanism of team introspection on team knowledge sharing ability.On the basis of the structural equation and the theory of regression analysis,using SPSS19.0 and AMOS17.0 statistical software to index survey data,the results indicate that transactive Memory System play a role of partial mediation between team introspection on and team knowledge sharing ability.And social capital positively adjust the relationship of team introspection on and team knowledge sharing ability.This study provide a basis for enterprises to improve the ability of knowledge sharing.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 120-126 [
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127
The Empirical Research on the Effect of Social Capital on the Knowledge Sharing Result within the Social Networks
Li Lin,Xie Lili,He Jianhong
This paper proposes a theory model based on combination of relevant research on knowledge sharing behavior, social capital theory and social network, with the hypothesis that the social capital's three dimensions shined significant influence on the knowledge sharing in social networks. Then this paper chooses the users of Zhifu as the research object, obtains 354 valid questionnaires by a data capture technology and verified the model by a software of network analysis and regression analysis. The results show that the knowledge sharing quality is positively related to social capital structure, but the quantity of knowledge sharing is not significantly affected by the structure; the quality dimensions and knowledge sharing is positively related to cognition; within the relationship dimension, trust, community recognition significantly affect the quality of knowledge sharing, while mutual benefit has no significant influence the quality of knowledge sharing; the dimension of the relationship of mutual benefit, the number of community recognition and knowledge sharing is positively related, but the number of trust has no significant effect on knowledge sharing.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 127-135 [
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136
Entrepreneurs Experience to the Influence of Entrepreneurial Opportunity Identification Model Building
Qi Weihong ,Zhang Xiu'e ,Li Zehui
Based on existing experience learning research literature, the entrepreneurial opportunity identification, entrepreneurs experience, entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial self-efficacy are clearly defined and their dimensions are divided. The mechanism of action is not only discussed, but also the theoretical propositions are put forward and "entrepreneurs experience, entrepreneurial learning, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial opportunity recognition" theoretical model is build. The necessary theoretical basis is established for empirical research of entrepreneurs experience. Finally, the article puts forward three conclusions and research limitations, and the future research direction of entrepreneurs experience is prospected.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 136-140 [
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475
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141
Effects of TMT Tie Strength and Team Reflexivity on Strategic Decision-making Performance
Shu Yiming,Ye Chunming
Based on the perspective of the integration of social network theory and Top Management Team (TMT) theory, this study has constructed an effect model of tie strength and team reflexivity on the strategic decision-making performance. Then, the sample data of questionnaire has been empirically analyzed to test the model. The results show that TMT strong ties have positive effects on both decision-making quality and commitment. And weak ties have positive effects on decision-making quality, but negative effects on decision-making commitment. Team reflexivity has positive moderating effects on the relationship between TMT strong ties and decision-making quality, between strong ties and decision-making commitment, and between weak ties and decision-making quality. Meanwhile, team reflexivity has moderating effects on the negative relationship between weak ties and decision-making commitment.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 141-147 [
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148
Can Good Leaders Bring Good Performance
Zheng Zhiqiang,Liu Shanshi
It has not reached a consensus conclusion about the influence of leaders' ethical leadership on subordinates and organizational performance. Ethical leadership effectiveness was examined through a meta-analysis review and structural equation technique from 103 samples at home and abroad, and the moderating and mediating effect also been discussed. Results show that: ethical leadership shows positive effects with leader-member exchange, employee satisfaction, employee performance, organizational performance and so on, and negative effect with employee turnover intention; the correlation coefficient between ethical leadership and employee attitude variables is stronger than with employee behavior variables; there is not a regularity of moderating effect for literature publication and geographical & cultural differences; Leader-member exchange and organizational identification play a part mediating effect. This means that ethical leadership is an effective leadership style, which has universality in different regions, and the influence of intermediary factors should be taken into consideration when implementing this leadership style.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 148-153 [
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The Review and Prospect on the Relationship of Performance Pay and Employee Creativity
Yang Tao,Ma Jun,Feng Xue
It has called for reformation of enterprise incentive mechanism to vigorously implement the development strategy of innovation driven. Although the incentive theory originated from neoclassical economics, there also integrate multidisciplinary perspectives, such as management, psychology and neuroscience. However, the interpretation systems vary in different disciplines which lead to some viewpoints confrontations and theory conflicts for a long time. In this research, the recent research progress on the relation between pay for performance and employee creativity is reviewed from economics, behavioral psychology, cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. On the basis of the comparison and analysis, this research discusses the analysis of the nonlinear relationship between pay for performance and employee creativity in the fields, and provides a new perspective to integrate and develop the incentive theory.
2017 Vol. 34 (15): 154-160 [
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