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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
2020 Vol.37 Issue.20
Published 2020-10-25
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
Enterprise Innovation Management
Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
Innovation in Civil-Military Integration
Review
Knowledge Science and Knowledge Engineering
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
1
Research on the Impact of Entrepreneurial Failure Experience on Serial Entrepreneurial Intention
Zhang Xiu'e,Wang Chao
This study constructs the model of how entrepreneurial failure experience affects serial entrepreneurial intention by entrepreneurial failure learning as a mediated variable, and analyzes the moderating effect of market turbulence in the relationship between entrepreneurial failure learning and serial entrepreneurial intention. The empirical results show that entrepreneurial failure experience has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial failure learning and serial entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial failure learning plays a partial mediated role between entrepreneurial failure experience and serial entrepreneurial intention. This study puts forward some theoretical and practical implications in helping entrepreneurs to recover from failure and motivate serial entrepreneurship.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 1-9 [
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Valuation Adjustment Mechanism,Inconsistent Interest and Innovation Expenditure
Liu Zhenxuan,Zhu Kaojin,Ke Di
By applying the geometric Brownian with the jump-diffusion model,the mechanism of the effect of the VAM(Valuation Adjustment Mechanism) on the innovation expenditure is explored from the angle of the difference between the VC investor and the entrepreneur.In combination with the data of the new OTC market,financing events of VC's participation in the period 2010-2018 are collected manually.The method of PSM matching is used to carry out the empirical test.The result shows that VAM can restrain the innovation expenditure of the enterprise,and the negative effect on the innovation investment is more obvious when the target of the VAM is higher and the proportion of the VC is higher.The enterprise is faced with great performance pressure,the signing of VAM aggravates the inconsistency of the interests between the VC and the investor,and the reduce of innovation expenditure can relief the interval inconsistency between them.The proportion of capital cut-off point plays a key role in the effect of VAM and innovation,that is,the lower the cut-off point,the less the effect of the suppression.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 10-19 [
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Formation,Integration and Governance of Platform Ecosystem from the Perspective of Technological Innovation
Dong Jinjin,Chen Guanju
In order to explore the formation,integration process and governance mechanism of the platform ecosystem,from the perspective of technological innovation,the "Haier HOPE platform ecosystem" and "Built In platform ecosystem" were selected as research objects.Through multi-level coding and case studies,the effects and impacts of technological innovation on the formation and integration of the two platform ecosystems were analyzed,and the governance mechanisms of the two platform ecosystems were analyzed and summarized.The research finds that:(1)the complementarity of technology,technology spillover effect and technological innovation can promote the formation of platform ecosystem; (2) technology innovation flow will promote the linkage between platform ecosystem participants from a single direction to Multilateral direction,thus strengthening the integration of platform ecosystem;(3)platform ecosystem governance including contract governance and relationship governance,technological innovation attracting and constructing platform ecosystem members' participation and other measures can effectively promote the interaction of platform participants And the structure of the ecosystem is stable.Based on the research conclusions,the management implications of the platform ecosystem are proposed.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 20-26 [
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27
Research on the Path of Improving Innovation Degree Based on Standard Data
Wu Feifei,Feng Jiaqi,Huang Lucheng,Miao Hong
The degree of innovation plays an increasingly important role in the allocation of resources, but currently patents are often used as a measure of innovation. As the guidance of standards in the development of the industry has increased, the status of standards, which are important outputs of innovation, has become more prominent in the promotion of innovation. This research proposes a standard data based on the measurement of the standard innovation degree value, combined with the international and domestic innovation degree quadrant model, to study the path of innovation degree improvement in specific areas. In the research, the standards of the information technology application field are used as the analysis objects, and the standards issued by the International Organization for Standardization and the Chinese standards are used to determine the status of innovation in the application of information technology in various fields. The research results show that the level of international and domestic innovation in the application of information technology in both the office system and banking business is very low, and should be gradually phased out after the completion of industrial upgrading. The application of information technology in the field of health care has a good prospect for international development, but the level of domestic innovation Very low, which is the focus of this article. Then compare and analyze the specific content of international and domestic standards in the application of information technology in the field of health care, find the gap between China and international development, and innovate the information technology application areas in different regions of the quadrant based on the degree of international and domestic innovation. Promote reasonable suggestions.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 27-33 [
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Researchon Emergency Management System of Public Emergencies from the Perspective of Digital Empowerment: Enlightenment from the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Epidemic
Du Jingjing,Hu Dengfeng,Zhang Qi
Based on the response of the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia epidemic,this paper puts forward the internal mechanism of digital empowerment to emergency management from the aspects of structural empowerment,resource empowerment and psychological empowerment.Combining with the concepts of co-governance and metagovernance,an exploratory study was carried out on the objective,governing agencies and operating mechanism of the cooperative governance system for public emergencies under the background of digital empowerment.Conclusions show that citizen participation and digital empowerment can further enhance national governance capacity,which provides valuable reference for the improvement of China's emergency governance system and modernization of governance capacity in the future.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 34-40 [
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Enterprise Innovation Management
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Research on R&D Performance of Social Innovation-Oriented Enterprises (SIOE) : where are the Differences in Dual Performance
Sheng Ya,Lu Xiaowei,Li Chunyou
More and more enterprises begin to regard social innovation, which aims to solve social problems by commercial means, as a new opportunity for the innovative development of enterprises, however, how to deal with the relationship between economic performance and social performance in R&D is a dilemma. In this paper, the impact of SIOE investment on the relationship between social performance and economic performance is studied, and the 2012-2017 data of listed companies whose main businesses are social innovation-oriented in eastern and western China are taken as samples for hypothesis testing, and its internal mechanism is discussed in detail. The results show that SIOE investment has an immediate and sustained significant effect on economic performance, and a lagging effect on social performance, with a lag period of 1; based on the different economic development and institutional policy, the study found that only SIOE investment of the eastern region and central region confirmed role in promoting development of economic performance, but in the western region SIOE investment has a hysteresis effect on social performance. Moreover, the above differences are also related to the age of enterprises and the growth of enterprises: the balance of economic performance and social performance of R&D in SIOE is not only different from region to region, but also related to the reference time point
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 41-48 [
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49
Social Capital, Entrepreneurial Bricolage and the Performance of New Ventures
Wang Qingjin,Wang Qiang,Zhou Jian
Social capital has become an important driving force to promote the growth and development of new ventures, and its resource effect is the main content to improve the ability of entrepreneurial bricolage. And as a key factor to break through the resource constraints of new ventures, entrepreneurial bricolage has become an important hub in the process of transformation from social capital to performance. Based on the theory of social capital and combined with the differential forms of double relational embeddedness, this paper analyses the path mechanism and external impacts of social capital on the performance of new ventures. The results show that social capital has a significant positive impact on the performance of new ventures; entrepreneurial bricolage plays a partial mediating effect between the relationship of social capital on the performance of new ventures; the internal relational embeddedness and external relational embeddedness positively regulate the effect of entrepreneurial bricolage on the performance of new ventures.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 49-57 [
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Research on Driving Pattern of Manufacturing Enterprises' Business Model Innovation：a Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Wang Shuilian,Chen Zhixia,Yu Chenghao
Business model innovation is an important path for manufacturing enterprises to transform, but the driving force of business model innovation is an intricate system while relevant research has not been saturated. Based on the perspective of internal and external drivers in existing studies of business model innovation and adding two process driving factors, namely enterprise social network and enterprise organizational learning, this research adopts the qualitative comparative analysis method to explore the driving mechanism of manufacturing enterprises' business model innovation. By analyzing the driving configuration of business model innovation in manufacturing enterprises, three types of business model innovation driving pattern are found: the model of following the trend, the model of integrating external resources and the model of farsightedness. By analyzing the typical enterprises in the configuration, it provides the path and enlightenment for manufacturing enterprises to explore and implement the business model innovation.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 58-65 [
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Network Position of Board of Directors, Marketization Process and Ambidextrous Innovation of Firms
Zhou Xuefeng,Li Zhenzhu,Wang Wei
Based on the resource-based theory, taking A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2018 as samples, this paper investigates the impact of board of directors network position on the ambidextrous innovation of firms from the perspective of structural embeddedness, and tests the moderating effects of the marketization process. The study finds that: ①the influence of directors network centrality on exploratory innovation is inverted U-shaped, while the influence of directors network centrality on exploitative innovation is U-shaped; ②the marketization process can enhance the inverted U-shaped impact of directors network centrality on exploratory innovation and the U-shaped impact on exploitative innovation; ③further analysis incorporates types of corporate strategy into the research framework, and finds that the inverted U-shaped influence of directors network centrality on exploratory innovation and the moderating role of the marketization process are significant in both defenders and prospectors, while the U-shaped influence of directors network centrality on exploitative innovation and the moderating role of the marketization process are mainly manifested in prospectors.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 66-75 [
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Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
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Strategic Transformation and Change Logic of China's Science and Technology Talent Policy from the Perspective of Historical Institutionalism
Guo Zhe
China's science and technology talent policy has gone through five development stages since reform and opening up: recovery and adjustment, initial establishment, transformation and improvement, deeper reform and comprehensive construction.This paper explores the change logic and dynamic mechanism of China's science and technology talent policy based on the analysis paradigm of historical institutionalism.It is found that path dependence is an important interpretation mechanism for China's science and technology talent policy to maintain intrinsic stability and consistency, which is reflected in aspects such as return increase effect, multi-agent cooperation effect and self-reinforcement of institutional field, etc.The key node has become the main driving force for the change of science and technology talent policy under the government-led acting force, which is essentially a top-down mandatory institutional change.Further, drawing on the experience of developed countries, a reasonable tension is built among political identity, market coordination and academic standard with buffer intermediary organization as the core, and then the interest coordination and integration mechanism of stakeholder groups are promoted.This has become an effective path choice for the continuous engergization and innovation of China's science and technology talent policy.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 76-82 [
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Research on the Compulsory Licensing of Novel Coronavirus
Zhang Wujun,Zhang Bohan
Since the early stage of the outbreak of the novel coronavirus , Remdeivir has receied extensive attentin, although it is still intrial , it brings a glimmer of hope to severe patients.Remdesivir is developed by Gilead company in the United States, and has made nearly perfect patent layout as early as in the research and development process.This paper first summarizes the compulsory license of drug patent and its characteristics, analyzes the current situation and existing problems of the compulsory license system of drug patent in China, draws lessons from the legislative practice of the compulsory license system of drug patent in foreign countries, proposes some suggestions, such as appropriately relax the restrictions of the applicant, appropriately expand the provisions of the application subject, make good use of the negotiation price of the compulsory license system of drug patent, and formulate the special license in line with the national conditions licensing system.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 83-88 [
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Characteristics and Evolution of Research Integrity Policy in China
Yang Rui,Yang Liang,Li Liangqiang,Zhang Nan,Liao Miyan
Research integrity is the cornerstone of scientific and technological innovation.Building an innovation ecology based on integrity and responsibility has become an important part of the construction of scientific and technological governance system.The development of research integrity policy has been maturity, but there are few literatures to objectively analyze its policy characteristics and evolutionary logic.Based on 268 policy documents about research integrity construction which issued by the country and ministries between 2000 to 2019, these policies were divided into three periods.This paper divided the feature words of these policy documents into nine categories through text mining, such as high frequency word recognition, word clustering analysis, explore the characteristics of different stage research integrity policy tool and its trends in evolution.It is found that the formulation of research integrity policy is a process from part to whole, and then from surface to point.The focus of research integrity policy showed the change logic of "individual —environment — whole process management".
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 89-98 [
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Knowledge Science and Knowledge Engineering
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The Effect of Knowledge Search Ambidexterity on Management Innovation of Technology-Oriented SMEs
Zhang Zhengang,Shen He,Yu Chuanpeng
External knowledge search is of significant importance for technology-oriented SMEs with insufficient internal resources. Based on the perspective of organizational ambidexterity, this study manages to explore the effect of external knowledge search ambidexterity on the management innovation of SMEs and find out what contingency factors have moderate effects on these relationships. Based on the hierarchical regression analysis using the survey date of 318 SMEs, the following conclusions are drawn:the breadth of knowledge search has an inverted U-shape effect on management innovation of SMEs; the depth of knowledge search has a U-shape effect on management innovation; balanced knowledge search has a positive impact on management innovation, while combined knowledge search has no significant impact on management innovation.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 99-106 [
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The Measurement of Knowledge Flow Efficiency of Schools and Enterprises and Analysis of Influencing Factors
Wang Xiaohong,Zhang Shaopeng,Zhang Ben
Based on dividing the university-industry knowledge flow process into the knowledge research phase and the knowledge conversion phase, this paper uses a two-stage DEA model to measure the efficiency of university-industry knowledge research and the efficiency of university-industry knowledge conversion. And based on the Tobit model of the spacial panel, this paper studies the two mechanisms of efficiency. The results show that: the overall efficiency of knowledge research in Chinese universities is higher than the efficiency of knowledge conversion, and there are regional imbalances in both types of efficiency, and the Moran Index verifies that both have positive space spillover effects; at the university level, the innovation ability of universities has a promoting effect on knowledge research efficiency but there is a suppressing effect on the efficiency of knowledge transformation, the structure of scientific research personnel only has a positive impact on the efficiency of knowledge conversion, government research support has a positive effect on the efficiency of knowledge research and the efficiency of knowledge conversion; at the provincial level, the level of provincial innovation concentration and the regional economic level have a significant positive impact on both the efficiency of knowledge research and the efficiency of knowledge conversion, the input of technological innovation only has a promoting effect on the efficiency of knowledge research; the influence mechanism of knowledge flow efficiency of university-industry is heterogeneous in different regions and different types of universities.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 107-115 [
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Innovation in Civil-Military Integration
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Research on the Mechanism and Path of Industrial Agglomeration of National Defense Science and Technology Industry
Tang Xinyu,Li Xiangqian,Sun Haoxiang
As an important carrier to promote the integration of economic construction and national defense construction, the development of national defense science and technology industrial clusters plays an important role in promoting dual-use knowledge creation and technology spillovers, attracting high-end elements of military and civilians, and aggregating regional innovation dynamics. On the basis of combing the status quo and problems of China's national defense science and technology industrial cluster development, based on the four dimensions of "space-policy-technology-industry", it analyzes the internal mechanism of the development of national defense science and technology industrial clusters, and proposes to improve the defense technology industry based on system coupling. The main path of agglomeration policy system, the establishment of an open and shared platform for military and civilian resources based on location advantages, the formation of a cluster of defense science and technology industry based on a complete value chain, and the establishment of a regional innovation network based on military-civilian collaborative innovation Promote the development of national defense science and technology industrial clusters, and build advanced defense industrial systems with Chinese characteristics to provide decision-making reference.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 116-124 [
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Analysis of the Effects on Civil-Military Integration Policy Elevated as a National Strategy
Yang Jingwen,Huang Xichuan
This research applies event study to examine the Civil-Military Integration Policy (CMIP)’s effect on the stock market from 2016 to 2018. It evaluates the short term effect of CMIP from the viewpoint of how firm investors react to the policies. Our findings suggest that the overall effect of CMIP is negative but not significant; after the establishment of the Central Commission for Integrated Military and Civilian Development, the overall effect of CMIP tends towards positivity. Moreover, responses on CMIP from military companies have been the most negative, whether they are measured by single or multiple policy effects. Among those, the policies that interested groups who share unbalanced power, and short-term and temporary policies have negative effects. The study suggests to borrow the successful experience of “increase quantity first and then transform the system” from the economic reform in our country. It advises the government that the main way to make up the short board of the policy system is to continually provide policy support to those who open up new fields on civil-military integration. What’s more, the Central Commission for Integrated Military and Civilian Development needs to intensify its commission role. It also needs to apply the “incentive reversal” theory that strengthens its supervision function and rigid constraints to improve the executive power of CMIP. For investors, CMIP in emerging fields has high investment value.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 125-134 [
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Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
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Proactive Behavior of R&D Personnel in Military Industry under the Dual Path of Work Stress: The Moderating Effect of Workplace Spirituality
Xuan Xingyu,Zhang Jianwei,Li Haihong,Zhou Jie,Zhou Yufan
The proactive behavior of R&D personnel is an important source of competitiveness for innovation and high-quality development of military industry enterprises. However, the formation mechanism of proactive behavior under the background of work stress still lacks empirical exploration. Based on the theory of dual work stress, this paper explores the influence mechanism of challenge stress and hindrance stress on the proactive behavior of R&D personnel, specially focusing on the mediating role of thriving at work and emotional exhaustion and the moderating role of workplace spirituality. We collected questionnaire data of 630 R&D employees from 8 enterprises and research institutes in military industry. The results show that: challenge stress and hindrance stress have positive and negative effects on proactive behavior respectively;thriving at work partially mediates the effect of challenge stress on proactive behavior, and emotional exhaustion partially mediates the effect of hindrance stress on proactive behavior;workplace spirituality positively moderates the relationship between challenge stress and thriving at work, while negatively moderates the relationship between hindrance stress and emotional exhaustion; workplace spirituality further moderates the indirect effects of challenge stress on proactive behavior through thriving at work, and also the indirect effects of hindrance stress on proactive behavior through emotional exhaustion. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are also discussed.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 135-144 [
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A Study on the Influence Mechanism of Top Management Team Cognitive Interaction on Innovation Performance: An Investigation of the Moderated Mediation Effects
Yu Hao,Liu Wenhao,Chen Chong
In a highly uncertain external environment, improving innovation capability has become an important strategic direction for high-tech enterprises to enhance their competitiveness. Existing studies on different cognitive dimensions related to decision making, behavior or performance, ignoring the thinking of the executive team on the external dynamic environment. From a cognitive perspective, this study explores the mediating role of dynamic competence between executive team cognitive interaction and high-tech enterprise innovation performance, the role of environmental dynamics in regulating dynamic capabilities and innovation performance, and environmental dynamics. The regulatory effect of the above mediating effects. Taking 335 IT companies in the Yangtze River Delta as a sample, the research found that: (1) executive team cognitive interaction has a positive impact on innovation performance; (2) dynamic ability has between executive team cognitive interaction and innovation performance Intermediary role; (3) Environmental dynamics has a positive adjustment between dynamic capabilities and innovation performance; (4) Environmental dynamics strengthens the above mediating role. The conclusions of the study have theoretical significance and practical enlightenment for Chinese high-tech enterprises to enhance team innovation ability.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 145-152 [
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Review
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The Problem-solving Type: the Advanced Design of Literature Review with the Perspective of Scientific Research Function
Tang Quan,Yang Shuwen
Like other work that people do, the literature review that scientific researchers do is also a process of accumulating experience and gradual progress. The existing research has not systematically explored the literature reviewers’ advanced issues, and the most existing researchers focus on literature reviewer’s function on understanding the current status rather than solving the problems. Through a more comprehensive and systematic literature collection and its analysis, this study has drawn four kinds of types about the literature reviews according to the division of research ideas and their methods, and has drawn four kinds of functions about the literature reviews based on the division of scientific research level. On this basis, this study takes the literature review under the framework of the entire scientific research, and come up with the advanced path of the literature reviewer and its specific steps from a junior to a senior due to the most fundamental problem-solving function of scientific research and its execution process, on which includes focusing on research issues rather than research status, elaborating design rather than the brief conception, doing a comprehensive literature review instead of goal setting, doing an elaborate results presentation instead of the brief list of narratives and their specific implementation measures.
2020 Vol. 37 (20): 153-160 [
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