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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
2021 Vol.38 Issue.16
Published 2021-08-25
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
Regional Scientific Development
Industrial Technological Progress
Enterprise Innovation Management
Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
Innovation in Civil-Military Integration
Review
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
1
A Longitudinal Case Study of Evolution Mechanism of Functional Upgrade Modes Adopted by Leader Firms in NVC:from Technology Autonomy Perspective
Liu Qian,Jiang Nan,Dai fengyan
The independent control of core technology of domestic leader firms have become a key problem for restricting NVC function upgrading. Based on literature review, this paper defines that technological autonomy consists of capability autonomy and property right autonomy, and the function upgrade modes of NVC leader firms are divided according to the product platform and technology track. Based on the analysis framework of "dynamic capabilities-strategic objectives-upgrade mode-competitive advantage", selecting Huawei HiSilicon as the object of longitudinal case, this paper explores the evolution mechanism of function upgrade mode of the NVC leader firms from the perspective of technological autonomy.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 1-10 [
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The Spatial-temporal Pattern and Dynamic Evolution of The Innovation Factors Agglomeration Capacity in China
Liu Shuai,Li Qi,Xu Xiaoyu,Qiao Zhilin
This study takes industrial enterprises, research institutes, and universities as the main regional innovation subjects and studies the spatial-temporal pattern and dynamic evolution of their innovation factors agglomeration capacity based on the data collected from 30 provinces in China during 2000-2018.The Gini coefficient and spatial decomposition, exploratory spatial analysis, kernel density estimation, spatial Markov chain, and hidden Markov model are comprehensively used.Research finds that: (1) there is a small regional gap in the capacity of innovation factors agglomeration between industrial enterprises and universities.And the regional gap in the capacity of innovation factors agglomeration between scientific institutes is relatively large.(2) The regional disparity of innovation factors agglomeration capacity of three kinds of innovation subjects mainly comes from the disparity between non-adjacent regions’ innovation factors agglomeration capacity.The innovation factors agglomeration capacity of three kinds of innovation subjects shows positive spatial convergence, and their spatial distribution is characterized by different polarization phenomena and trends.(3) the innovation factors agglomeration capacity of industrial enterprises, research institutes, and universities have experienced three states in the sample period, which are high, medium, and low, respectively.The state transition of innovation factors agglomeration capacity shows the characteristics of path-dependence and space-dependence.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 11-20 [
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Exploring the Structure and Evolution of Angel Crowdfunding Syndication Network
Li Yaokuang,Zhang Huiling,Ling Li
The angel crowdfunding connects business angels and entrepreneurs through internet which is characteristic as open context. The syndicate networks of angel crowdfunding (SNAC) would be different from the syndicate networks of venture capital (SNVC), because the latter form under more rigid context. Based on the mayi angel's syndicate investment data from 2015-2018, this study presents the structural feature and evolution of SNAC. Furthermore, we find SNAC is more cohesive and more open than SNVC. These findings enrich the study of syndicate network and crowdfunding, with providing theory basement for further study of SNAC.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 21-28 [
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Regional Scientific Development
29
Research on the Green Development Effect of National Central City Construction：Quasi Natural Experiments based on 285 Cities
Li Zhiguo,Che Shuai,Wang Jie
Based on the panel data of 285 cities in China from 2004 to 2018, the paper constructs a dual difference model of tendency score matching, evaluates the policy effect of National Central City Construction on green development, and makes an expanded analysis of the heterogeneity of regional development. The results show that the construction of national central city can effectively promote the growth of urban green total factor productivity. At the regional level, the policy effect of the construction of national central cities in the eastern region remains stable, while the central and western regions have not yet been highlighted. Industrial development, the improvement of education level and the introduction of foreign capital are the key paths to play the green effect of national central city construction at this stage, while economic development is an important potential channel. Accordingly, it is proposed to promote the construction of national central cities in an all-round way, and give full play to the overall driving effect and demonstration effect of leading green development. Considering the heterogeneity of urban comprehensive development, we should pay attention to the orderly development of national central city construction.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 29-36 [
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The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Technological Innovation Efficiency from the Perspective of Innovation Value Chain:a Case Study of the Yellow River Basin
Dong Huizhong,Liu Pengzhen
Based on the perspective of innovation value chain, the efficiency of technological innovation is divided into two stages: R&D efficiency and achievement transformation efficiency. Using the panel data of 73 cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2005 to 2018, the regression test is conducted, and the technology density is introduced as the threshold variable to explore the regional heterogeneity of environmental regulation on the efficiency of technological innovation.The results show that: (1) The environmental regulations in the Yellow River Basin and the middle and lower reaches of the region have an inverted U-shaped relationship with the efficiency of scientific and technological R&D, and the environmental regulations in the upstream region have a U-shaped relationship with the efficiency of scientific and technological R&D. (2) The environmental regulations in the Yellow River Basin and the middle and lower reaches have no significant impact on the efficiency of achievement transformation, and the efficiency of achievement transformation in the upstream areas shows an inverted U-shaped development trend as environmental regulations gradually strengthening. (3) The environmental regulation and technological R&D efficiency of the Yellow River Basin and the lower reaches have a dual threshold effect of technology density. The middle reaches pass the single threshold test, and the upper reaches fail the threshold test; the Yellow River basin and the upper reaches of the environmental regulation and achievement transformation efficiency have technology the single threshold effect of density, the middle and lower reaches failed the threshold test.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 37-45 [
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Industrial Technological Progress
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Impact of Technology Transfer on Green Innovation Efficiency in High-tech Manufacturing Industry
Zhou Shuzhen,Deng Qunzhao
In this paper, a two-stage network DEA model is used to measure the green innovation efficiency of China's inter-provincial high-tech manufacturing industry, and a Tobit regression model is established to analyze the difference of the three main technology transfer modes, namely domestic technology transfer, foreign technology introduction and foreign direct investment, in promoting the green innovation efficiency of China's high-tech manufacturing industry. The results show that domestic technology transfer has a significant positive impact on the green innovation efficiency of high-tech manufacturing industry, while foreign technology introduction has a significant inhibitory effect on the green innovation efficiency of high-tech manufacturing industry, and the spillover effect of foreign direct investment is not significant. There is a significant complementary effect between foreign technology introduction and foreign direct investment, while both foreign technology introduction and foreign direct investment have a significant substitution effect on domestic technology transfer. From the perspective of innovation value chain, this paper analyzes the deep-seated reasons for the differences in the functions of the three technology transfer modes, and puts forward some suggestions on promoting the synergy and complementarity of various technology transfer modes.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 46-52 [
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Co-evolution of Digital Commerce and External Economy of Industrial Cluster: a Path of Industrial Digital Transformation
Zeng Kexin,Zhang Xiaodi
Industrial cluster is an important organizational form of modern industrial development, and external economy is regarded as an important source of cluster competitiveness.However, in recent years, traditional industrial cluster has fallen into the deadlock of "low-end lock-in", which needs digital transformation and upgrading.Digital commerce is an important engine to drive the development of digital economy.It endows industrial clusters with new connotation, new characteristics and new kinetic energy, and promotes the upgrading of cluster economy to digital and intelligent direction.Their co-evolution can form an endless source to drive the high-quality development of China's digital economy.Their co-evolution can be divided into the initial stage, development stage, expansion stage, and mature stage.It is progressive to be along the path of improving efficiency of factor allocation→building factor sharing platform→forming collaborative network→evolution of digital ecosystem to affect the development of industrial cluster, and promote the evolution of industrial clusters from relatively closed supply chain system to value network to social collaborative network and to open industrial ecology.Their co-evolution will broaden the source of Marshall's external economy, so that the entrepreneur's factor allocation ability will be improved, which makes the cluster external economy dynamic and endogenous.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 53-62 [
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Enterprise Innovation Management
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Does Aspiration Gap Promote the Exploratory Innovation
Zeng Jianghong,Yang Yalan
The aspiration gap is a problem that most companies may face, but whether this situation will stimulate companies to carry out exploratory innovation has not yet reached a consistent conclusion. This article uses the data of A-share listed manufacturing high-tech enterprises from 2013 to 2018 as a sample to examine the relationship between the gap between business expectations and exploratory innovation, as well as the moderating effect of product market competition and technological diversity on the relationship between them. The empirical results show that: the aspiration gap often inhibits companies from carrying out exploratory innovation.Product market competition and technological diversity play a significant negative role in regulating the aspiration gap and exploratory innovation, and strengthen the exploratory innovation of enterprises under the state of aspiration gap; there is a joint situation effect between the moderating variables, compared with low-intensity market competition, fierce product market competition can enhance the positive moderating effect of technological diversity on aspiration gap and exploratory innovation.This article has a certain significance for deeply understanding the relationship between aspiration gap and exploratory innovation, and exploring the constraints that affect the choice of corporate innovation strategies.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 63-73 [
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Enterprise Mainstream and Newstream Flexibility Mechanism：An Exploratory Research Based on Multicase Study and Grounded Theory
Chen Yanhua,Zhu Bin
The cultivation and application of the mainstream innovation flexibility and newstream innovation flexibility have become an important issue of common concern in the period of technological turbulence. In this paper, 6 typical high-tech enterprises are selected as research object, and the grounded theory research method is used to analyze these cases. Then, this paper constructs a flexible mechanism for mainstream and newstream innovation from the perspective of innovation flow. Our findings show that: In the dynamic environment, the internal reform pressure and the external reform situation drives enterprise mainstream innovation flexibility and newstream innovation flexibility′s production and interaction, and then motives enterprise mainstream innovation flexibility, newstream innovation flexibility, and innovation interaction flexibility′s complementary and synergy effects, and jointly contribute to the enterprise transformation. In the operation process of the flexible mechanism, the internal reform pressure and the external reform situation are the main driving forces for achieving the adaptation to the external environment, and the interaction flexibility between mainstream innovation and newstream innovation plays a role of bridge. The results deepen and develop the innovation flexibility theory and mainstream and newstream innovation theory, and brings an inspiration to the front-line practice.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 74-83 [
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Competitive Advantage Building Mechanism of Platform Ecosystem from the Perspective of Platform Envelopment
Ge Anru,Tang Fangcheng
This article uses Meituan as a case to figure out how platform companies can gain competitive advantage through platform envelopment strategy. The research found that:In the context of the ecosystem, the way to build competitive advantage is different from that of traditional enterprises. The platform envelopment strategy takes users' needs as the starting point, then acquires complementary resources through horizontal and vertical envelopment, and finally achieves system synergy to gain competitive advantage;The platform uses the same components to envelope so as to promote efficient synergy on the supply side, thereby realizing the scope economy of supply-side; uses overlapping user groups to envelope and stimulates value synergy to achieve economies of scope of demand-side, and through using users' data resources, to achieve system-wide synergy, and finally complete the construction of competitive advantage;The process of platform envelopment strategy is also the evolution process from platform to platform ecosystem, in which the horizontal envelopment helps the platform expand the installed base and accelerate the evolution of the platform.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 84-90 [
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Research on the Influencing Factors of User Idea Adoption in Enterprise's Open Innovation Community:based on the Value Co-creation Perspective
Zhang Ning,Zhao Wenfei,Pang Zhiliang,Zhang Xin
From the perspective of value co-creation, based on the theory of signal transmission, integrate consumers' use of enterprise products to create value, consumer-consumer interaction to create value, and enterprise-consumer interaction to create value, and explore the influencing factors of user idea adoption in open innovation communities. Through text mining and empirical analysis of the user ideas in Xiaomi MIUI community, it is found that: consumers use products to create value level, the information entropy and emotional intensity of user idea positively affect it adoption, and length of user idea negatively affects it adoption; consumer interaction creates value level, the amount of support positively affects user idea adoption, and the number of views and comments negatively affects user idea adoption; the interaction between enterprise and consumers creates value level, the response information entropy and response emotional intensity of enterprises are positively correlated with user idea adoption, and the length of enterprise response is negatively correlated with user idea adoption. It is recommended that enterprises guide consumers to propose idea forms, pay attention to market demand signals brought about by demand consistency and heterogeneity, and adopt effective response strategies to improve the quality of consumer idea and promote a virtuous circle of value co-creation.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 91-100 [
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Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
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Government Procurement Policy to Promote Independent Innovation of Science and Technology: Dilemma and Integration of Rule of Law-GPA Perspective
Gou Xuezhen
As a demand-side policy tool, government procurement plays an important role in a nation's scientific and technological innovation. However, under the pressure of joining the Government Procurement Agreement (GPA), China has suspended the government procurement policy of independent innovation. Logically, the government procurement of scientific and technological innovation in our country at this stage features a dual orientation, thus facing a dilemma: internally, there is a realistic need to realize the strategy of strengthening China through science and technology; externally, its foreign affairs must be bound by international rules such as GPA. The root of the dilemma lies in too much emphasis on the opposition between securing the goals of scientific and technological innovation and meeting international rules, ignoring the synergy between the two goals. Therefore, the article puts forward the "third choice" of the coordination of the two goals, which is to achieve the integration of the dilemma through the rule of law, namely the legalization of policies. Through the choice of legislative model and legislative technology, the laws in this field are integrated and reconstructed, and the government procurement policy of technological innovation is gradually decomposed and integrated into relevant laws, so as to serve the needs of building an innovative country internally and externally. Meet the requirements of international regulations.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 101-108 [
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Technology Ethical Governance Mechanism and Its Moderate Legalization Development
Xie Yaowen,Zhao Peng
The mismatch between technology development and legal regulation has created a need for an ethical approach to address the ethical issues raised by technology development. The development of "technology ethics" from a philosophical discipline or concept to a governance mechanism originates from the institutional exploration of the governance system of science and technology in the "continuous interaction between technology and society".Technology ethical governance mechanism aims at solving ethical dilemmas, exploring and reflecting on the ethical implications of technology, and providing ethical guidance for individual behavior. Technology ethical governance and legal governance enjoy different governance logics, and the reconciliation of the two is the focus of the improvement of the science and technology governance system. The governance model is characterized by "adaptive governance" and "soft regulation", and it is necessary to enhance the efficiency of ethical governance through moderate legalization development. It should adhere to two principles: restrict in apply the right-obligation mechanism to technology ethical issues, and promote ethical reflection by means of legal procedures; a multi-level regulatory system combining legal rules, administrative guidelines and self-regulatory regulations should be established. Through the multi-level normative system, the risk communication mechanism and ethical consensus reaching mechanism will be improved ,and the ethical principles implementation mechanism will be enhanced.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 109-116 [
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Innovation in Civil-Military Integration
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Research on the Power Mechanism and Basic Paths of the Modern Industrial System of Military-Civilian Integration
Zhou Yuanye,Zhou De,Li Xiangqian
Constructing a modern industrial system of integrating military and civilian is an important part of the modern economic system, and it is also a solid foundation for the modernization of national defense and the military. Through combing the historical process of the development of our country's industrial system, we summarized that realizing national technological independence and industrial self-reliance, adapting to the diverse needs of the market and battlefield, and transforming knowledge into productivity and combat effectiveness are essential of the modern industrial system of integrating military and civilians. Then，Interpret the internal mechanism of building a military-civilian integrated modern industrial system from the four dimensions of innovation-driven, open integration, organizational change, and agglomeration development. On the basis, it is proposed to strengthen the real economy, strengthen collaborative innovation, develop modern finance, and tap human resources as the basic paths to construct a modern industrial system of integrating military and civilian.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 117-124 [
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A Study on the Performance of Civil-military Integration Social Relations Network on the Growth of New Ventures with Civil-military Integration
Li Xianglong,Wang Qingjin,Wang Huanliang,Shi Renbo
New ventures in integration of civil-military are an important force to promote China's national defense construction and social and economic integration. The rich resource heterogeneity in integration of civil-military social relations network can effectively promote the growth of new ventures in integration of civil-military. Using the social network theory for reference, this paper constructs a theoretical model of integration of civil-military social relations network, coupled symbiosis and the growth of new ventures in integration of civil-military, which is represented by the depth, breadth and height of relationships, and makes an empirical analysis through the collected 304 questionnaires of new ventures in integration of civil-military. It is found that integration of civil-military social relations network has a positive impact on the growth of new ventures in integration of civil-military. Coupling symbiosis plays an intermediary role between integration of civil-military social relations network and the growth of new ventures in integration of civil-military; Entrepreneurship orientation can significantly adjust the relationship between coupling symbiosis and the growth of new ventures in integration of civil-military.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 125-134 [
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Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
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The Elements and Mechanism of Talent Policy Marketing：Exploratory Research based on Grounded Theory
Chen Lijun,Jin Ming
Talent policy has always been an important lever for China to seize the talent highland and seek innovative development.However, under the overall trend of positive development, the homogenization of the content of talent policy among regions, the financial pressure of continuous increase, and the surplus of some special funds for talents are superimposed on each other, which together form the dilemma of innovated "involution" of the current domestic talent policy.It is urgent to seek new competitive growth points beyond the policy content.Based on this, this study introduces the concept of "marketing" into the scope of talent policy.Following the principle of convenient sampling, 96 talent policy workers and talent policy target groups in Zhejiang Province are selected as the target in-depth interviews.By using Grounded Theory Method, the three-level coding and theoretical saturation test of the original interview data are carried out, and finally six theoretical codes associated with talent policy marketing are obtained.Combined with the main problems emerging in the interview and the existing theoretical clues, this paper constructs a mechanism model of talent policy marketing, and depicts three explanation paths of the role of talent policy marketing "government behavior-talent experience" mechanism, exchange mechanism, and moderating mechanism of subjective initiative, which provides inspiration for the practice and theoretical research of talent policy marketing.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 135-141 [
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Research on the Impact of Knowledge Workers′ Job Embeddedness on Deviant Innovation：the Chain Mediation of Constructive Responsibility Perception and Role-width Self-efficacy
Zhou Yan,Qian Huichi
Based on resource conservation theory, social exchange theory and social cognition theory, this paper constructs a theoretical framework of the impact of job embeddedness on deviant innovation behavior of knowledge workers, and analyzes the internal mechanism of constructive responsibility perception and role breadth self-efficacy between them. Using hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrap method, this paper empirically tests 324 questionnaires of knowledge workers. The results show that job embeddedness has a significant positive impact on deviant innovation; role breadth self-efficacy plays a complete mediating role between job embeddedness and deviant innovation; constructive responsibility perception plays a partial mediating role between job embeddedness and deviant innovation; constructive responsibility perception and role breadth self-efficacy play a chain mediating role in the path of job embeddedness and deviant innovation.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 142-150 [
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Review
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Virtual Enterprises Research: a Review and Prospects
Jia Xudong,Xie Zhiwen,He Guangyuan
Since its first presentation in 1991, virtual enterprises research has received a lot of- attention from the practical and academic circles. It has a research history of nearly 30 years. A large number of theoretical research results have been obtained, and a systematic review and summary are urgently needed. This study aims to full present the history and current status of research on virtual enterprises by comprehensively sorting out related research in the field of virtual enterprises at home and abroad, and to provide suggestions and references for deepening future research. Firstly, the descriptive qualitative integration method is used to sort out the research results of foreign virtual enterprises and divides them into three categories: the origin and definition of virtual enterprises, the management in virtual enterprises operations, and the coordinated management mechanism of virtual enterprises. Furthermore, it adopts bibliometric analysis method, combined with factors clustering, multi-dimensional scale analysis and other means to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the research results of domestic virtual enterprises, and finds research hotspots and core author groups. Based on two dimensions of research content and method, the domestic virtual enterprise research is divided into four schools, and the domestic virtual enterprise research process is divided into three stages and four steps. It comprehensively shows the history and current situation of domestic virtual enterprise research, and analyzes the existing problems and deficiencies. Then, the future prospects and trends of the research are prospected and some suggestions are made.
2021 Vol. 38 (16): 151-160 [
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