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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
2019 Vol.36 Issue.13
Published 2019-07-10
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
Regional Scientific Development
Industrial Technological Progress
Enterprise Innovation Management
Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
Talent and Education
Review
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
1
The Influencing Mechanism of Institutional Investors on Enterprise Innovation
Zhang Qiang,Wang Mingtao
Based on the listed companies' data in the SME and GEM from 2006 to 2015, we analyze the influence of institutional investors on company's innovation output from three aspects: supervision, insurance and knowledge spillover. The results showed that institutional investors significantly improved the innovation output of the company. Institutional investors promote the innovative output of their investment companies mainly act as active corporate governance supervisors and disseminators of knowledge spillovers in areas with high innovation levels .Institutional investors didn't provide risk protection for the innovation of the management may fail by lowering the company performance paysensitive, but they significantly enhanced the possibility of the company implementing stock option compensation. We use the adjustment of CSI 800 Index as exogenous shocks of quasi natural experiment, combining propensity score matching and difference in differences estimation method, further verified the robustness of conclusion. Our research sheds light on the influencing mechanism of institutional investors enhance Corporate innovation and has important implications for policy makers and corporate decisionmakers who aim to stimulate innovation．
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 1-10 [
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Evaluation and Choice of Organizational Structure of Large Science Project
Zhang Guangjun,Lv Ziyu,Liu Renjing
The organizational structure of large science projects is an important guarantee for the smooth implementation.Based on the previous studies and the theory of information entropy, the three-dimensional organization complexity evaluation model of large scientific organization structure is constructed from the aspects of structure complexity, function complexity and information complexity.Taking the weak matrix structure, the balance matrix structure and the strong matrix structure as the object, this paper horizontally compares the changes of the organizational complexity of the three kinds of matrix organizational structures under the different subprojects of the Grand Science Project, and explores the relationship between the number of subprojects and three the impact mechanism matrix organization structure of the organization of complex scientific projects organized structure.The study shows that when the number of large science projects is relatively small (two to six), weak matrix organization structure should be adopted.When the number of large science projects is large (more than six), strong matrix organization structure should be adopted.In the optimization of matrix organization structure, it should focus on the influence factors of structural complexity, regardless of the matrix organization structure.However, when the weak matrix is adopted, the influence factors of functional complexity should also be concerned.Finally, based on the high level of interdepartmental communication ability of management staff, the organizational structure of large science engineering can be effectively promoted from weak matrix to strong matrix by reducing the complexity of functions.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 11-20 [
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Temporal and Spatial Evolution and Driving Factors of Entrepreneurship in China
Guo Yanqing,Wang Yang
Based on the perspective of spatial econometrics, this paper explores the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of entrepreneurship in China from 1998 to 2016.It constructs a Spatial Dubin Model and analyzes the driving factors of entrepreneurship. The results show that the entrepreneurship of China is characterized by uneven time and space development, with significant regional differences and even polarization. The entrepreneurship in China shows a decreasing trend from the eastern coastal areas to the western inland areas. Entrepreneurship in the neighboring provinces is similar and has certain spatial agglomeration. The spatial positive correlation of entrepreneurship in China has gradually increased, and the spatial dependence of entrepreneurship is increasing. Human capital, economic development, innovation level and education environment are the main driving factors of provincial entrepreneurship. Human capital, the degree of economic development and the educational environment have a significant positive driving effect on the province’s entrepreneurship. The level of innovation has a significant positive driving effect on entrepreneurship in neighboring provinces. However, the education environment has a significant negative driving effect on entrepreneurship in neighboring provinces.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 21-30 [
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Regional Scientific Development
31
Study on the National High-tech Park's Effect on Firms' Innovation Performance
Teng Tangwei,Chen Jiayi,Si Yuefang
As a useful policy tool which can promote the development of regional economic, hightech park is popular among many policy makers. Chinese national hightech park is set up to promote independent innovation ability and high technology industry. It plays an important role in leading regional innovation development and improve the relevant systems. In order to evaluate its influence on the firms' innovation performance, we use the variables form both firmlevel and parklevel of ZhangJiang. We classify enterprises according to whether they operate in the park. The results show that Chinese national hightech zone only has only 'hightech', but not 'park', that is to say whether running business in park or not has no obvious effect on the firms' innovation performance, the firms operated in park even shows worse in new products than those only registered, firms' innovation strongly shaped by park's policy. In the future, China's national hightech parks still need to pay more attention on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, optimizing business incubation chain, improving the contribution of regional innovation research, enhance the park tightness of "industryuniversityinstitute" cooperation, establish a more scientific evaluation mechanism of hightech zone, and guide the healthy development of the park.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 31-38 [
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Research on The Influence of Industrial Related Variety on Regional Economic Resilience
Guo Jiang,Xu Zeqing
In recent years, with the strengthening of globalization and the intensification of external fluctuations faced by each regions, the study about regional economic resilience has attracted increasing attention. The role of regional industrial structure are related to regional production structure, and the distribution characteristics represented by related variety are increasingly valued, but its impact on regional economic resilience has not been concluded yet. We take panel data of 27 provinces and cities in China from 2005 to 2016 as samples, threshold model was adopted to study the specific impact of industryrelated variety on regional economic resilience by introducing regional innovation level differences. The results show that the influence of related variety on regional economic resilience shows significant range effect due to the difference of overall regional innovation level. When the regional innovation level is low, related variety has a negative impact on regional economic resilience, and the negative impact gradually weaken with the increase of innovation level. When regional innovation level is high, related variety has a significant positive impact on regional economic resilience. Based on the current situation of regional diversification and innovation level in China, this paper puts forward that in the new era, strengthening the layout of related diversity and the construction of regional innovation level is an effective way for regions to effectively cope with external shocks.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 39-47 [
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Research on Dynamic Relationship between Industrial Agglomeration and Urban Ecological Efficiency
Zhang Guangsheng,Chen Chen
Based on the panel data of 285 cities in 2004-2016, static panel, dynamic panel and panel threshold model are used to analyze the different dynamic relationship. between different industrial agglomeration models and urban ecoefficiency from three aspects: overall trend, time effect and nonlinear structure. The research results show that the specialization and diversification of the producer service industry, especially the highend production service, inhibits the improvement of ecoefficiency in the shortterm, but it is significantly promoted in the long run; the synergy of the producer service industry and the manufacturing industry improves the ecoefficiency. The effect is more significant than a single industry agglomeration. The effect of different industrial agglomeration models on ecoefficiency has a threshold effect, and there is a significant inverted Ushaped structure relationship between the two, and there is an optimal value of agglomeration. And the scale of the city has a negative adjustment effect on the industrial agglomeration and the improvement of urban ecological efficiency. Therefore, in the urban ecoeconomic planning and construction, we should increase investment to focus on the construction of highend productive service industry, pay attention to the integration of productive service industry and manufacturing industry according to local conditions, and formulate corresponding industrial transfer strategies according to urban basic conditions, and it is not possible to accumulate excessively. Pay attention to the positive promotion of industrial agglomeration in urban ecological construction.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 48-57 [
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Industrial Technological Progress
58
The Coupling Evaluation of R&D and Manufacturing of HighTech Industry on China′s Provincial Level
Zhu Ying,Deng Xiaoqi,Lei Jiasu
The US manufacturing relocation has brought about a regional depression, which has led to discussions on the longterm separation of R&D and manufacturing that will affect economic prosperity. In this context, China also needs to reexamine the relationship between R&D and manufacturing in a specific space. In this paper, for the spatial unit of the province, the hightech industry is selected as the research object, and R&D and manufacturing of hightech industry are regarded as two independent and dependent systems. Based on evaluation index systems, the paper uses coupling coordination model to measure the degree of coupling coordination between R&D and manufacturing of hightech industry from 2001 to 2015 on the China′s provincial level. The results show that the overall development level of R&D and manufacturing in provincial hightech industry is relatively low, and R&D and manufacturing of hightech industry are still in a low coupling stage in most province, which indicates the separation of R&D and manufacturing is common at the provincial space level. Those provinces, that have a high degree of dependence on R&D and manufacturing, basically maintain the prosperity and development of the real economy.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 58-67 [
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Research on Innovation Efficiency of HighTech Industries in Provinces along the Silk Road Economic Belt of China
Zhang Lijie,Liang Jinkai
Hightech industry is an important growth pole of regional innovation, and its innovation efficiency would directly affects regional innovation development. The data of hightech industries in provinces along the silk road economic belt from 2009 to 2017 were taken as the research sample，based on the perspective of value chain, this paper studies the technology research and development efficiency and technology transformation efficiency of hightech industries by using DEAMalmquist model, and the effect of different factors on different innovation efficiency is further verified by Tobit model. The research suggests several results. The innovation of high technology industry in provinces along the silk road economic belt is welldeveloped, and the regional difference of innovation efficiency is gradually narrowing. The efficiency of technology research and development is significantly higher than technology transformation efficiency. In the process of innovation, the key factors to improve the efficiency of technology research and development are the quality of workers and technology accumulation. Enterprise independent innovation, government support and enterprise scale expansion can significantly improve the efficiency of technology transformation.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 68-75 [
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Innovation Mode and Innovation Approach in the Integration of Culture and Technology
Yang Yi,Chen Qiuning,Zhang Lin
The background of Transboundary transformation and industrial convergence, the integration of cultural and technological as a technology development model induced development industry, with the promotion of cultural industries, derivatives industry value chain extension and business model innovation.The two practical approaches to the integration of culture and technology are “technicalization of culture” and “culture realization of technology”.This paper analyzes four typical modes of integration of culture and technology:production integration, market integration, resource integration and channel integration,and sums up the key measures in the process of industrial integration innovation.The results show that the development of cultural and scientific integration needs to be supported and promoted from the aspects of policies and regulations, legal regulation, industrial structure and independent innovation.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 76-80 [
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Enterprise Innovation Management
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A Study on the Influence Mechanism of Enterprise Network Capability on Ambidextrous Innovation
Li Guoqiang,Sun Yuchun,Hu Wen'an,Ren Hao
Innovation network is not only an important foundation to improve the competitiveness of industrial clusters, but also a strong guarantee to improve the innovation ability of companies (organizations). The ambidextrous innovation ability of enterprises, including incremental innovation and breakthrough innovation, is the two modes of innovation process. This paper constructs a conceptual model between enterprise network capability and ambidextrous innovation, and puts forward the hypothesis that the network capability of an organization is positively related to the ambidextrous innovation ability of an organization. The model was verified by collecting 315 valid questionnaires from Internet software, biomedical, electronic information, new energy and other high-tech enterprises. SPSS21 and AMOS24 software were used to verify the model. Through data analysis, the results show that the network capability of enterprises and the position transition of enterprises in R & D networks have a significant positive impact on ambidextrous innovation. The transition of organizational network position plays an intermediary role between organizational network capability and enterprise innovation. The uncertainty of the enterprise environment plays a significant role in regulating the relationship between the network capability and the network transition. The innovation support atmosphere has significant enhancement effect in the positive relationship between the network location transition and the ambidextrous innovation.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 81-88 [
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Research on Success Factors in Early Stages of Chinese Internet Startups
Vu Thi Huyen Nhung,Zhang Wensong
We review existing literature on factors affecting success and failure of new technology ventures and expand on existing research with an analysis of 200 Chinese internet companies, 100 of which were representative for successful ventures and 100 of which representative for failed companies? Based on this data we establish a research framework within which we identify and analyze 14 impact factors that are measurable, factual, and can be confirmed by external observers. Evaluation of success factors was done for all 200 companies. We determine the impact and significance of factors by fitting a Logistic regression model to the collected data. Out of the 14 factors, we show 5 to be significant at 95% confidence: Being a first mover and investments by Alibaba, Baidu or Tencent(BAT) are shown to have positive impact whereas having a returnee founder, attempting a first funding round after less than one year of operation and high market fragmentation have a negative impact. The paper closes with a discussion of the significant impact factors and suggestions for startups as well as venture capital firms.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 89-96 [
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The Influence of Technological Innovation Ability and Service Degree on the Service performance of Hightech Manufacturing Enterprises
Wei Li,Chen Huijun
The serviceoriented strategy of hightech manufacturing enterprises can form a strong marginal substitution effect from the input of service elements into technical elements in the period of technology bottleneck, which creates a new way for enterprises to find new profit growth points. This is one of the main reasons why it can become the key strategic choice of many hightech manufacturing enterprises. However, the level of service performance of hightech manufacturing enterprises is affected by many factors. This paper considers that the service performance is logically restricted by the "quality" and "quantity" of the service element input based on literature review. Therefore this paper assumes that "the technological innovation ability and the service degree are the core variables that affect the service performance", and takes enterprise size, assetliability ratio as control variables to build linear regression model for empirical test based on WIND database of hightech enterprise attributed of the five major industries 2012-2016 data. According to the empirical test result, the paper concludes that the model is significant as a whole and there is a significantly positive correlation between "technological innovation ability" and "service degree" and enterprise service performance which is basically consistent with theoretical hypothesis. Then this paper further puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the serviceoriented performance of hightech manufacturing enterprises from the two angles of enterprise and government, hoping that these suggestions can make the implementation of serviceoriented strategy of hightech manufacturing enterprises more effective.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 97-104 [
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The Influence of TMT Boundary Behavior on the Business Model Innovation: the Intermediary Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation
Yan Shuai,Hu Baoliang,Ru Xingjun
Resource is the basic element of business model innovation.The boundary behavior of top management team is an effective way to obtain heterogeneous resources.Entrepreneurial orientation is a strategic behavior activity to guide resource integration.The hierarchical regression analysis of the questionnaire data was conducted with 163 executive teams from Shanghai,Beijing,Guangdong,Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces.The results show that TMT boundary behavior has a significant positive influence on business model innovation,Entrepreneurial orientation has significant positive influence on business model innovation and that Entrepreneurial orientation plays a significant intermediary role between the TMT boundary behavior and business model innovation.This study provides theoretical reference and practical reference for enterprises to break resource constraints for business model innovation.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 105-111 [
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Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
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The Blind Spots of Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements Policy and Its Countermeasures in Universities From the Perspective of Cognitive Differences of Core Stakeholders
Luo Jian,Shi Min,Peng Qinghui,Mao Shanying
After the promulgation of the new policy on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, policy mainfuntion occurred in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities. This paper studies the key nodes of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities, combs the factors affecting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities, conducts a questionnaire survey on the core stakeholders of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities, and obtains the cognitive data of enterprises, universities and researchers on these factors. Through the analysis of the cognitive bias of the core stakeholders, it is concluded that the direct cause of policy mainfuntion is that the policy is not coordinated, which makes it difficult to implement. The indirect causes are the imbalance of incentives, the weak connection between the achievements and the market, and the lack of the pilot scale experiment platform. Finally, based on the management system of universities, we put forward targeted policy optimization suggestions.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 112-117 [
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On the Limited Interpretation of the Legal Scope and the Subject of Ownership of the Scientific and Technological Achievements by the Unit
Leng Biyuan,Wang Ruiling
Colleges and universities, scientific research institutes to expand scientific and technological achievements that right, the scope of the unit of scientific and technological achievements, the ownership do expansion explanation. Unit's expansion explanation has its policy and legal basis, but easily lead to excessive expansion of interpretation of scientific and technological achievements of scientific and technological achievements of false fraud, thus undermining developers enthusiasm for scientific research. In practice, science and technology management department identified scientific research units of scientific and technological achievements, should have not allowed the analogy to explain the restrictions should be subject to peer review restrictions. In the identification of the scientific and technological achievements of the post, the scientific and technological achievements should be constracted and the scope of the identification of the achievements of the post should be limited.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 118-124 [
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Research on Ethical Issues in Health Internet of Things Technology Application
Wang Xinlei,Wang Yue
Progress in HealthInternet of Things (HIoT) technology is bringing about revolutionary changes in the areas of health care,and its application will bring new opportunities for healthcare,nursing and scientific research.HIoT technology application will bring a series of ethical problems due to the inherent risk of Internet equipment,the sensitivity of healthrelated data and the transformation of health care services caused by technology application.The analysis and prediction of the ethical dilemma was based on the theoretical framework of the international representative research results,revolved around the aspects of equipment,data protocol and practice.The ethical issues of HIoT technology progress and application include:HIoT exacerbates the risk of personal life privacy and information privacy,the conflict between HIoT data ownership and validity,the conflict between data subject autonomy and data sharing,and HIoTmediated care leads to the user’s social isolation,the decontextualisation of healthcare and the nonprofessional of care.Future research and practice should focus on solving the ethical dilemma brought by HIoT technology progress and application.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 125-130 [
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Talent and Education
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How Do Organizational Territorial Behavior of Scientific and Technological Talents Affects Turnover Intention: Based on the Moderating Mediating Model of Psychological Ownership and Marriage
Cheng Long,Yu Haibo,Zhang Lu,An Ran
This study want to explain how do organizational territorial behavior of scientific and technological talents affects turnover intention from the perspective of resource conservation theory: based on mediation model with moderating effect of psychological ownership and marriage, it may has important meaning to human resource management practices. By questionnaire survey, 411valid data is collected from scientific and technological talents of hightech enterprises, universities and research institutes all over the country, making the following conclusions: 1. Organizational territorial behavior of scientific and technological talents has no significant direct impact on turnover intention, and psychological ownership has no mediating effect on it. 2. Considering the moderating effect of marriage, the higher the organizational territorial behavior is, the higher the turnover intention is. 3. In the moderating mediating role model, marriage status plays a mediating role between organizational territorial behavior and turnover intention. The organizational territorial behavior of unmarried groups negatively affects turnover intention through the mediating role of part of Organizational Psychological ownership, and positively affects turnover intention through direct impact mechanism.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 131-137 [
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The Cross-level Effect of Positive Leadershipon Employee Prohibitive Voice
Luo Xingpeng,Zhang Xiangqian
Drawn on theperspectiveof social cognitive theory,this study investigates the crosslevel effect of positive leadership on employee prohibitive voice and the crosslevel moderating effect of group voice.Based ontwowave longitudinal survey data including 406 dyads of leaders and employees from 92 teams,empirical results indicate that positive leadership has a significantly positive effect on employee prohibitive voice.Selfefficacy partially mediates the relationship between positive leadership and employeeprohibitive voice.Group voice strengthens the relationship between selfefficacy and employee prohibitive voice,such the higher level of group voice,the stronger the positive relation between selfefficacy and employee prohibitive voice.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 138-144 [
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Modeling and Simulation of Collaborative Innovation System in Universities:Technological Talent Aggregation Perspective
Wei Jie,Niu Chonghuai,Chen Huaichao,Rui Xueqin
Universities are an important force topromotecollaborative innovation development.The related researches about universities collaborative innovationhave drawn more and more attention from domestic and foreign scholars.To start with, through the research on the collaborative innovation model in universities, the paper proposed the collaborative innovation complex system in universities from the perspective of technological talents aggregation.Then, based on the analysis of the interaction between the system and collaborative innovation environment, the corresponding model was built by system dynamics method and the system simulation was realized by Vensim PLE software.In addition, the paper used the goodness of fit method to verify the system validity.Finally, by applying the sensitivity analysis method, relevant management revelations were put forward to stimulate universities collaborative innovation according tothe actual work.Firstly, formulate collaborative innovation promotion strategy which took technological talents as a leading factor.Secondly, improve the policy system of collaborative innovation in universities.Thirdly, strengthen the input mechanism of collaborative innovation in universities.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 145-153 [
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Review
154
A Review of the Foreign Leadership Effectiveness of Older Worker Younger Supervisor Dyad and Prospects
Wang Bin,Liu Yun
In today's workplace, the olderworkeryoungersupervisor dyad is becoming increasingly common, which is attracting more and more attention of scholars. Based on the literature review of the leadership effectiveness of olderworkeryoungersupervisor dyad, this paper firstly clarifies the connotation of age and age difference of olderworkeryoungersupervisor dyad, defines the concept of subordinatesupervisor dyad and then, it summarizes the results of existing foreign research development of the olderworkeryoungersupervisor dyad , from nondirectional age difference to directional age difference. Furthermore, on the basis of the existing research findings, it puts forward integrative research framework, to fully explain the effects and mechanisms of leadership effectiveness of the olderworkeryoungersupervisor dyad. Finally, the paper analyzes the shortcomings of current research and points out the directions in future research.
2019 Vol. 36 (13): 154-160 [
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