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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
 
2023 Vol.40 Issue.11
Published 2023-06-10
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
Regional Scientific Development
Industrial Technological Progress
Enterprise Innovation Management
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
Digital Innovation Column
Digital Innovation Column
1 The Impact of Enterprise Digital Transformation on Risk Taking: The Mechanism and Path
Huang Dayu,Xie Huobao,Zou Mengting,Meng Xiangyu
With the accelerated evolution of a new generation of digital technologies represented by artificial intelligence，blockchain，cloud computing，and big data，new business forms，new organizations，new models of the digital economy are booming around the world. The Chinese government has attached great importance to the cultivation and development of the digital economy in recent years. #br#The development and expansion of the digital economy and the promotion of the digital transformation of market entities have become an unstoppable development trend. Since the 13th Five-Year Plan，the Chinese government has successively introduced and implemented a package of policies and measures aimed at promoting digital transformation，such as the Internet Power，Broadband China，and the "Internet +" Action Plan，big data，artificial intelligence and blockchain. Especially the 14th Five-Year Plan for the National Economic and Social Development of the Republic of China and the Outline of the 2035 Vision Goal focuses on promoting the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy and creating a good digital ecology. This shows that digitalization is playing an irreplaceable role in building a new power engine and promoting industrial transformation and upgrading. As the most representative micro-subjects in the economic system，enterprises play an important mission in promoting digital industrialization and industrial digitization. For this reason，it is worth asking how much market value companies can create by implementing costly digital transformation strategies，and whether there are differences in the value created by companies with different attributes through digital transformation. Can digital transformation affect enterprise value creation through indirect mechanisms such as backfeeding technological innovation，improving the allocation of factors，and reducing business risks? It is necessary to systematically analyze and discuss all the above-mentioned issues to objectively judge the pros and cons of the digital transformation of enterprises. In view of this，this article takes Shanghai and Shenzhen listed companies as the research object，clarifies the internal relationship between digital transformation and corporate risk taking through a combination of theoretical analysis and empirical testing. It explores the heterogeneous characteristics and mechanisms of digital transformation affecting corporate risk taking so as to deepen the theoretical understanding of the economic consequences of the digital transformation of micro entities under the background of the Chinese system，and provide a scientific reference for mobilizing the enthusiasm of enterprises for digital transformation and stimulating the vitality of market entities.#br#Based on literature and theoretical analysis，this article starts with the digital transformation of micro-economic entities，examines the mechanism path through which digital transformation affects corporate risk-taking. Based on the data of Chinese listed enterprises from 2007 to 2019，this paper collects the key words of "digital transformation" in the enterprise annual report with the help of crawler technology，creatively depicts the intensity of enterprise digital transformation，and empirically tests the impact of digital transformation on enterprise risk taking and its channel mechanism. It is found that the digital transformation of enterprises has an important impact on the level of enterprise risk. Specifically，the digital transformation of enterprises can significantly increase the level of risk-taking，and achieve an increase in their own financial stability. The heterogeneity test results show that the digital transformation of enterprises has a significant effect on the risk-taking level of state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises，especially for state-owned enterprises，and it also has a significant positive effect on the improvement of financial stability. It does not show the characteristics of differentiation; while the digital transformation of enterprises has a significant role in promoting the level of risk-taking of high-tech companies，but does not have a statistically significant impact on the level of risk-taking of non-high-tech companies; digital transformation has a positive effect on the financial stability of these two types of companies，but it has not shown significant asymmetric effects. From the perspective of channel mechanism identification and inspection，the digital transformation of enterprises can effectively improve the level of internal control of the enterprise，reduce the environmental uncertainty faced by the enterprise，and improve the profitability of the enterprise. The above findings and conclusions help enterprises improve the level of enterprise risk acceptance，and at the same time improve their financial stability. It is suggested that future research should further find out the more direct and effective mdiated variables connecting the application of digital technology and the level of enterprise risk taking to open the black box between the two，and conduct deeper research on the transmission mechanism.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 1-10 [Abstract] ( 610 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1213KB] ( 1302 )
11 The Mechanism of Digital Technology Driving Digital Innovation Performance in Non-Internet Enterprises: The Moderating Effect of Organizational Legitimacy
Ye Dan,Yao Meifang,Ge Baoshan,Zhao Liyi
Digital technology has empowered the overall economy, but there are still many traditional non-Internet enterprises that take conventional production factors as the core driving force. Under the dual influence of global digitalization and COVID-19, enterprises with the organizational development paths relying on non-digitalization are stuck. This paper argues that only by developing information technology capacity and taking digital transformation as well as digital innovation can these enterprises cope with the destructive challenges of digitization and obtain digital dividends. Digital transformation and digital innovation have emerged as emerging research topics in recent years, and most of the existing research focuses on theoretical construction and the exploration of case studies. However, little literature studies the path mechanism of digital transformation and digital innovation, especially since it is still an unexplored research topic for non-IT companies from developing information technology utilization capabilities to obtaining digital innovation performance. Different from Internet companies, many traditional non-Internet firms(non-IT firms in short) mainly rely on follow-up investment to obtain digital resources, but how to effectively use IT resources and obtain digital innovation performance is still a difficult problem for academia and managers in non-Internet firms.#br#Scholars who study technological innovation based on a resource-based view believe that enterprises should take into account social and technological factors in innovation, and excessive bias towards either of the two factors will make enterprises unable to acquire technology. As a result, in order to differentiate themselves from competitors, non-IT firms must effectively match their IT resources and social resources. Existing research has verified the effectiveness of enterprise IT capabilities to localize the development of enterprise information technology resources and improve business process digitization. As a technical factor, IT capability has a certain positive effect on non-IT firms developing IT resources for digital transformation and digital innovation. However, for non-IT firms, a single technical capability cannot ensure that they obtain high digital innovation dividends. The application of digital technologies for digital transformation and digital innovation is undoubtedly a radical organizational change for non-IT firms, and it transcends their traditional organizational action boundaries and brings many challenges such as competitive logic, institutional complexity and legitimacy. The institutional theory believes that any organizational action and operation are subject to social expectations and social identity. Scholars who study the digital transformation of enterprises from the perspective of institutional theory regard the digital transformation of enterprises as the combined effect of several digital innovations, and they believe that these new innovations have brought about changes or substitutions in the organizations and industries. The digital transformation and digital innovation activities of non-IT firms undoubtedly face many legal obstacles, but few studies deeply explore how they can cross the legitimate threshold and obtain digital innovation performance in digitalization, so this paper attempts to open this "black box".#br#By integrating the theories of resource-based view and institutional theory, this study constructs a theoretical model of non-internet firms’ IT capability, digital transformation, organizational legitimacy and digital innovation performance. To verify the theoretical model, it further uses linear regression analysis and Bootstrap analysis with 275 samples from non-IT firms. The results show that IT capability and the application of digital technology in digital transformation have a positive impact on these firms’ digital innovation performance; digital transformation has a mediating effect on the relationship between IT capability and digital innovation performance; and organizational legitimacy further moderates the mediating effect of digital transformation on IT capability and digital innovation performance.#br#The main contribution of this study is integrating the resource-based view and institutional theory to explore how non-Internet enterprises match their technological resources and social resources to obtain digital innovation performance, while existing literature mostly discusses the different influences of enterprise resources on their digital innovation from a single theoretical perspective. Besides, this paper explores the digitalization process of non-IT firms based on their uniqueness, and combines theoretical and empirical methods to explore how these firms solve the dual obstacles of insufficient technology application ability and social recognition of digital transformation and digital innovation.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 11-18 [Abstract] ( 143 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1215KB] ( 326 )
19 Industrial Internet Platform Data Empowerment, Absorptive Capacity and Digital Transformation of Manufacturing Enterprises
Zheng Yonghua ,Sun Yanming ,Yin Jianfeng
In recent years, with the rise of the Industrial Internet, various industrial Internet platforms have emerged, such as Alibaba supET platform, Aerospace Cloud Network and Genyun. There are currently more than 70 platforms. As an important industrial infrastructure, the industrial Internet platform enables the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises. As the core of resource empowerment in empowerment theory, data empowerment based on the industrial Internet platform ( platform data empowerment) has become an important driving force for the digital transformation of traditional manufacturing enterprises. Platform data empowerment means that the industrial Internet platform provides intelligent data support for manufacturing enterprises by collecting a large amount of operational data and using new-generation digital technologies such as big data and cloud computing. However, what is the internal mechanism of platform data empowerment acting on the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises? So far, this question has rarely been touched. Therefore, based on the empowerment theory and absorptive capacity, this paper creatively incorporates platform data empowerment into the factors affecting the digital transformation of enterprises.#br#This study selects the traditional manufacturing enterprises in the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta, Shandong Peninsula and Guizhou as the research objects, and obtains 239 valid questionnaires. It constructs a multiple linear regression model and uses the structural equation software MPLUS7.0 to verify the hypothesis.#br#The results show that the three sub-dimensions of platform data empowerment,i.e.,platform connection capability, platform intelligence capability and platform analysis capability all have significant positive impacts on the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises. Absorptive capacity mediates the relationship between platform connection ability, platform intelligence ability, platform analysis ability and the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises; digital orientation positively regulates the relationship between absorptive capacity and digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises; digital orientation positively regulates the relationship between platform connectivity and digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises, but the moderating role in the relationship among platform intelligence capabilities, platform analysis capabilities and digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises is not significant; digital orientation positively regulates the promotion effect of platform connection ability on the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises through absorptive capacity, but the moderating effect of platform intelligence ability and analytical ability on the promotion of enterprise digital transformation through absorptive capacity is not significant.#br#Different from the previous literature, this study innovatively extends the empowerment theory to the new situation of digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises for theoretical and empirical analysis, and discusses platform data empowerment and its sub-dimensions (platform connection capability, platform intelligence capability, platform analysis capability). It is found that they have positive impacts on the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises, thus further enriching the research on the antecedents of the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises. By introducing the intermediary mechanism of absorptive capacity, this study discusses the role of platform data empowerment and its sub-dimensions in the digital transformation of enterprises, and empirically finds that absorptive capacity plays an important intermediary role in the relationship between platform data empowerment and enterprise digital transformation. A theoretical explanation is given on the path mechanism of platform data empowerment acting on the digital transformation of enterprises. Therefore it is suggested that manufacturing enterprises should incorporate industrial Internet platform into their enterprise development plans to enable the digital transformation of enterprises, speed up their adaptation to the specific requirements of industrial Internet platforms, and support corresponding digital infrastructure and related data resources to accelerate enterprise digital transformation. Meanwhile whether the conclusions are also applicable to all manufacturing enterprises with digital transformation needs to be verified and amended by future research. It is also suggested that future study could incorporate organizational agility, utilization learning, failure learning, utilization innovation, value co creation and other variables into the research model to explore the mechanism and boundary conditions of platform data empowerment on the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises from a more comprehensive perspective.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 19-30 [Abstract] ( 224 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1350KB] ( 408 )
31 Inverted U-shaped Relationship between Dual Value Chain Embedding and Innovation Performance: The Mediating Role of Enterprise Digitization and Adjustment of Organizational Resilience
Hou Guangwen,Liu Qingqing,Liu Qilei
Scholars believe that it can effectively promote the growth of enterprises by embedding them in the global value chain (GVC). However, with the trend of anti-globalization thought in some developed countries, more and more enterprises are encountering with difficulties of growth. Developing countries seek to integrate into the global division of labor to achieve continuous economic growth, followed by the suppression and blockade of large international enterprises. The income is plundered by price discrimination from leading enterprises, and thus local enterprises are locked in the low-end link of the value chain because their labor, knowledge and other factors have not been improved. Therefore, it is worthy of research on how to build a dual value chain between GVC and regional-value chain(RVC) with effective coupling, and balance participation in global division of labor and regional development to achieve innovative growth. Based on this, the paper takes the representative enterprises of the digital economy as research objects and focuses on the action mechanism of value chain embedding in innovation from the perspective of digitization. Then it explores the role of enterprise digitization in this path and offers proposals such as building collaborative networks and improving innovation performance for enterprises.#br#The data are mainly derived from a questionnaire. The research group visited and investigated representative enterprises of the digital economy in Xi 'an City, including Shaanxi Blower (Group) Co., Ltd., Xi 'an Samsung Electronics Research Institute, Xi 'an AJU Grain and Oil Industry Group, and Dongling Group Research objects are concentrated in high-tech enterprises in Shaanxi Province, involving aerospace, high-end equipment manufacturing, non-ferrous metal smelting, new energy, new materials, etc.#br#On the basis of 208 valid questionnaires, this study completes the empirical analysis and finds that, firstly, enterprises embedded into the value chain and innovation are not simply linear. It can realize the sudden increase in innovation in the short term by absorbing spillover effects and obtaining innovation resources in the value chain. However, it will inhibit enterprise innovation and even lead to its stagnation by relying only on the value chain in the long term. Secondly, enterprises embed themselves into the value chain to share technology spillovers and knowledge spillovers, gather innovation elements and realize that technology upgrading will induce frequent "free riding" behavior in the long run, resulting in the stagnation of enterprise informatization, digitization and intelligence. Thirdly, the cultivation of an enterprise digital capability system promotes enterprises to identify transformation opportunities, integrate digital resources. And then, it finally realizes the significant compression of risks and costs, so as to enhance the success rate of innovation. Fourthly, enterprise digitization acts as an mediator between value chain embedding and innovation, presenting the mediation mechanism of value chain embedding, enterprise digitization and innovation performance. Fifthly, organizational resilience plays a moderating effect among value chain embedding, enterprise digitization and innovation performance. Enterprises should pay more attention to the cultivation of organizational resilience, learn from risks and identify growth opportunities, so as to promote the improvement of enterprise innovation quality.#br#The study makes the following contribution. First, the existing research on value chain embedding focuses on the discussion of a single embedded value chain. While this study focuses on the impact of enterprises’ embedding into the dual value chain at the global and regional levels on innovation performance from the digital perspective. It not only enriches the innovation path of enterprises in the digital context, but also has guiding significance for enterprises to build a collaborative network to promote the digital process. Second, the three sub-dimensions of digital connection, data integration and intelligent decision-making are incorporated into the enterprise digital capability system, so as to promote enterprises to use digital technology and cultivate digital capability systems in the digital context, identify opportunities and integrate digital resources, and improve the success rate and transformation rate of innovation. In addition, it also discusses the moderating role of organizational resilience in value chain embedding, enterprise digitization and innovation performance. Organizational resilience helps enterprises improve their crisis response abilities, actively participate in the digitization process, and finally improve the quality of enterprise innovation in the complex, dynamic and rapidly changing environment under the impact of digitization.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 31-39 [Abstract] ( 232 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1211KB] ( 657 )
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
40 Venture Capital, Patent Administrative Protection and Key Technological Innovation
Mao Yichong,Wu Fuxiang,Ge Heping
Since the reform and opening up, China's foreign investment strategy of ‘exchanging market for technology’ has effectively improved the production capacity and technical level of domestic enterprises. But to a considerable extent, some core links of the industrial chain are controlled by foreign-funded enterprises, resulting in a certain gap between domestic enterprises and foreign enterprises in key technologies. Only by promoting the independent innovation of local enterprises can China fundamentally deal with the dilemma of core technologies being controlled by other countries. The original intention of the development of venture capital is to serve the R&D innovation and value reengineering of enterprises. At the same time, some domestic research have pointed out that it is necessary to deepen the reform of the system and mechanism, and strengthen the support of the capital market for scientific and technological innovation. Therefore, venture capital should play an important role in China's key technological breakthroughs.#br#The research of this paper stems from the following practical problems: on the one hand, although the number of patent applications in China has doubled, the number of invention patents is still far lower than the number of utility model patent applications and design patent applications. On the other hand, the amount of venture capital in China has increased from 5.401 billion yuan in 2000 to 374.946 billion yuan in 2020, and the number of venture capital cases has also increased from 226 in 2000 to 1,393 in 2020. The importance of venture capital has become increasingly prominent. However, whether venture capital can substantially enhance the innovation capability of Chinese enterprises remains to be further verified.#br#Theoretically, the reasons for the lack of key technologies in China include insufficient investment during the technology's lifetime. Venture capital can alleviate the externality of innovation financing from capital appreciation and innovation tendency, thus providing an opportunity to solve the problem of a lack of key technologies. However, venture capital institutions may ‘grab’ innovative achievements of enterprises through ownership substitution, financial tunnels or operating tunnels, thereby inhibiting key technological innovations. Therefore, there is uncertainty about the effect of venture capital on key technological innovation of enterprises. In order to solve the above problems to a certain extent, this paper further considers the patent protection.#br#This paper constructs an enterprise innovation behavior decision-making model that considers venture capital and distinguishes key technological innovations from non-key technological innovations based on the theoretical framework of Dessi & Yin (2011). In addition, the administrative protection of patent rights is added to the model to make it more practical. The model is deduced as follows: firstly, based on the principal-agent theory, it constructs the basic framework of the decision-making model of enterprise innovation behavior involving investment institutions; secondly, the project profit function is optimized and compared; finally, this paper introduces the administrative protection of patent rights to analyze whether it can effectively enhance the role of venture capital in promoting key technological innovation, and try to explore the impact of regional heterogeneity of venture capital on key technological innovation of enterprises. In addition, this paper also selects all A-share listed companies in China from 2010 to 2020 as research samples for empirical testing. It is found that venture capital has a positive effect on corporate innovation as a whole, but its impact on corporate innovation behavior of different technology types is different. Specifically, on the one hand, venture capital can significantly promote non-key technological innovation of enterprises; on the other hand there is regional heterogeneity in the promotion of key technological innovation. The promotion of venture capital on key technological innovation is more significant in the eastern and northeastern regions than in the western and central regions. In addition, it can improve the positive impact of venture capital on key technological innovations by strengthening the administrative protection of patent rights.#br#This paper suggests improving the innovation promotion efficiency of venture capital and strengthening industry standard management, the relevant laws and regulations on patent protection, and optimizing the innovation environment of enterprises. It is also important to actively guide and encourage enterprises to innovate behaviors, and cultivate enterprise innovation awareness.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 40-50 [Abstract] ( 172 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1224KB] ( 189 )
51 The Risk Diversification Mechanism of Intellectual Property Securitization in the Chinese Context: A Comparative Analysis Based on Multiple Cases
Liu Cheng,Xie Wenjing,Liu Chang,Bao Xinzhong
At present, China is committed to building an innovative country, and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises are the most innovative entities. However, they are confronted with great financing difficulties and in urgent need of financial resources to promote scientific and technological innovation. Most technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises lack tangible assets and suffer from low credit, making it difficult to get loans from financial institutions. However many technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises possess intellectual property. If they can make full use of intellectual property financing, the financing dilemmas of technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises will be largely alleviated. Intellectual property securitization can help technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises make full use of intellectual property and obtain financing at a lower cost, and enable them to continue to use intellectual property while financing, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The large scale of intellectual property in China and the strong demand in the securitization market provide sufficient basic conditions for the implementation of intellectual property securitization. But there is still room for improvement in the intellectual property intermediary service market, policies and regulations, and thus intellectual property securitization may have potential legal risks. This paper explores the risk diversification mechanism of intellectual property securitization from the perspective of product design in the Chinese context in the hope of promoting the development of intellectual property securitization, providing theoretical support for technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises in financing, and accelerating China's innovation development. #br#This paper selects the first serial of products as the typical cases, for each product is born in a long time of preparation with milestone significance. The cases are divided into four modes. By adopting the method of multi-case study, it compares and analyzes the design schemes of risk diversification mechanism in typical cases. The results show that the intellectual property securitization products for small and medium-sized technology enterprises should not only bear the risks of traditional asset securitization products, but also bear the risks brought by the characteristics of intellectual property. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a multi-layered risk diversification mechanism design for effective risk management. The four typical cases adopt a five-layer risk diversification mechanism design. The first layer selects the technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises and their intellectual property; the second layer sets up a guarantee mechanism for the underlying assets; the third layer classifies securities into senior and junior types；the fourth layer achieves excess cash flow coverage; the fifth layer introduces the difference payment promiser. The five-layer risk diversification mechanism is well designed to improve the market attractiveness of securitized products.#br#There are four suggestions accordingly. The first is to improve the intellectual property licensing market and reduce intellectual property risks. China should strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, improve the licensing market of intellectual property rights, disperse the risks of intellectual property rights as basic assets, and promote the development of intellectual property securitization. The second is to establish and improve the legal system for intellectual property securitization and disperse the risks of securitization. The third is to improve the credit investigation system and the credit level of technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises. China needs to use key technologies such as big data to improve the credit reporting system of science and technology SMEs, design reasonable indicators to evaluate the credit level of science and technology small and medium-sized enterprises, and increase their credit level, so as to better carry out intellectual property securitization activities. Lastly it is necessary to formulate the operation documents of intellectual property securitization, organize relevant training, and popularize the knowledge of intellectual property securitization. This paper enriches the related papers on the design of the risk diversification mechanism of intellectual property securitization; moreover,it can help the practice of intellectual property securitization in China by analyzing the risk diversification mechanism of intellectual property securitization.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 51-59 [Abstract] ( 152 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1417KB] ( 400 )
Regional Scientific Development
60 Measurement and Spatial-temporal Pattern Evolution of the Coupling and Coordination Level between New Infrastructure Investment and Technological Innovation Capability
Gu Bin,Liao Lifang
New infrastructure construction shoulders the multiple tasks of stabilizing growth, adjusting structure, benefiting people's livelihood and promoting innovation, and plays an important role in China's economic development. Under the continuous impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, new infrastructure construction provides a strong impetus for the national technological innovation and high-quality economic development. The new infrastructure, embedded in the process of modernization of the national governance system, is mutually supportive and interdependent with the technological innovation system. The current literatures mainly focus on the one-way transmission mechanism of new infrastructure construction to technological innovation, but seldom pay attention to the coupling mechanism between the two systems. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to reveal the synergistic development relationship between new infrastructure construction and technological innovation by empirical methods.#br#The new infrastructurecon struction and technological innovation are closely related and mutually supportive.On the basis of the coupling mechanism of the two systems, a comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed. The new infrastructure construction system includes 15 indicators in three dimensions: information infrastructure, integrated infrastructure and innovative infrastructure. Technological innovation system covers 16 indicators in four dimensions: innovation environment, innovation input, innovation output and innovation performance. The study analyzes the evolution characteristics of the spatial-temporal pattern of the coupling and coordination of the two systems in China's 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in mainland China(Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan excluded) from 2013 to 2020, using the entropy method, coupling coordination evaluation model, exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and standard deviation ellipse model.#br#The results show that firstly both the comprehensive index of new infrastructure investment level and technological innovation capability have been increasing year by year, showing a gradient decreasing pattern from east to west. Secondly the degree of coupling and coordination between new infrastructure investment level and technological innovation capability in various provinces has risen, but a good coupling development situation has not yet been formed, among which more than half of the provinces and cities are of coupling imbalance type. Thirdly the degree of coupling and coordination between new infrastructure investment level and technological innovation capability has a remarkable positive spatial correlation, which is manifested as the high-value agglomeration area in the east and the low-value agglomeration area in the west. Lastly the spatial distribution of coupling coordination degree is unbalanced. From 2013 to 2020, the standard deviation ellipse of the national coupling coordination degree was distributed from northeast to southwest, and the center of gravity moved to the southeast as a whole, with significant spatial agglomeration characteristics. #br#This paper analyzes the coupling mechanism between new infrastructure investment level and technological innovation capability from both theoretical and empirical aspects, and puts forward some suggestions for reference. First, the government should formulate differentiated policies to promote the development of new infrastructure construction. Second, it is critical to enhance the regional innovation level, as a way to strengthen the role of technological innovation to support the new infrastructure. Third, governments at different levels should make overall plans and optimize the coupling and coordination quality between the new infrastructure investment level and technological innovation capability. Finally, it is urgent to consider how to improve the coupling and coordination between the new infrastructure investment level and technological innovation capability from a multi-scale perspective. The eastern region should continue to promote the circulation of resources, technology, talents and other elements, and give full play to its radiation and driving effect on surrounding provinces and cities. For the central region with the second highest degree of coupling and coordination, it should strive to improve the independent innovation ability to support the development of new infrastructure. For the northeast region with a low degree of coupling and coordination, it should strengthen the innovation of system and mechanism, adjust the industrial structure and give consideration to innovation driven and regional coordinated development. For the western region with the lowest coupling coordination, it is necessary to give consideration to the coordinated development of traditional infrastructure and new infrastructure, seize the construction opportunities of the "the Belt and Road" to strengthen regional innovation and exchange, and steadily promote regional sustainable development.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 60-70 [Abstract] ( 162 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2190KB] ( 298 )
71 Dissipative Evolution of Regional Innovation Ecosystem from the Perspective of Symbiosis Theory
Yang Li,Shang Chao,Yang Jianchao
With the complex transformation of the global economy, the innovation paradigm has entered the innovation ecosystem 3.0 period. It is vital to figure out how to accelerate the improvement of regional innovation output level and regional innovation level based on the new innovation ecosystem so as to promote the sustainable development of regional economy, industrial transformation and upgrading, and effective improvement of market competitiveness. The RIES system is an important carrier to promote regional innovation and development, economic and environmental synergy and symbiosis, because of its diversity and superiority of species at the component element level, its clustering of resources at the resource element level, its adaptability and friendliness at the environmental element level, and its dynamic and mutually beneficial symbiosis at the interactive behavior level. More and more government departments are committed to building a high-level RIES system. The structure evolution, innovation performance and efficiency evaluation of RIES system have also attracted extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad.Previous studies have shown that RIES system presents the characteristics of self-organization evolution. It is a typical complex system and has a periodically changing dissipative structure. It is necessary to deeply analyze its evolution and changing laws from the perspective of the dynamic change of system structure. Therefore, from the perspective of symbiosis theory, this paper analyzes the evolution law of the dissipative structure of RIES system, depicts the interaction relationship between multiple subjects in the system and between resource input and system environment based on the ecological characteristics of symbiosis unit, structure and mode, network and environment, , which is of great significance to the rational allocation of innovation resources, the promotion of multi subject cooperation, and the acceleration of the optimization and adjustment of regional innovation structure. It is essential for the realization of the integration and improvement of regional innovation efficiency and capability.#br#On the basis of the scientific transfer, Brusselator, a classic model in dissipative structure theory, has been transplanted into the evolution analysis of RIES system. At the same time, by combining symbiosis theory and focusing on such ecological characteristics as symbiotic unit, structure and mode, network and environment, etc., this study constructs an “innovation investment—symbiotic environment” factor index system and forms judgement criteria for dissipative structure. It further applies the“overall entropy—catastrophe progression” evaluation model to present the process of dissipative evolution of the system. By constructing a decision model for the dissipative structure of the RIES system, the study conducts an empirical study of dissipative evolution of RIES system in China’s four major national urban agglomerations and nearby provinces from 2013 to 2020. #br#Empirical research analysis has found that (1) the regional innovation ecosystems in China's four major urban agglomerations and adjacent provinces have the characteristics of openness, nonlinear coupling, far away from equilibrium, fluctuation and so on, and have the prerequisite for the formation of dissipative structures; (2) the dissipative evaluation value of the sample points is evolving positively, and the system is gradually evolving to a dissipative structure, for during 2015-2020, the innovation environment (economy, market and Technology) of the four major urban agglomerations and adjacent provinces has been significantly improved, which has a positive role in promoting the regional innovation vitality and the transformation of innovation achievements; (3) the dissipative evolution distribution of the regional innovation ecosystem in the sample points continues to develop in the direction of "high regional innovation investment—high regional innovation environment". #br#According to the results of empirical analysis, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the healthy development of China's regional innovation ecosystem by building a regional innovation center, improving the collaborative system and mechanism, cultivating enterprise subjects and forming a virtuous circle.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 71-81 [Abstract] ( 268 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3585KB] ( 222 )
Industrial Technological Progress
82 The Influence of Innovative City Construction on Total Factor Productivity of Service Industry
Xuan Ye,Peng Jie
As the "new engine" of economic development, the service industry has become an important force driving the dual-cycle development at home and abroad. China's trade in services far exceeds that of the UK, Germany and other countries, and has ranked second in the world for eight years in a row. Although the overall proportion of China's service industry has increased in recent years, there is still a big gap between China's industrial development and that of developed countries. At present, the supply of producer services supporting industrial upgrading and high-quality consumer services driving demand growth is obviously insufficient. The problem of relatively low productivity has not been fundamentally changed. The innovative city construction, as an important measure to promote the goal of "leading innovative countries" in China, plays a key role in industrial upgrading and innovation driving. There is great guiding significance for the high-quality development of service industry and the construction of an innovation-oriented country by accurately evaluating the effect and mechanism of the construction of innovation-oriented cities .#br#Taking approved innovation-oriented cities as the research object, this study matches the panel data of China's prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2020 with the data of A-share listed service enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen, and then constructs a multi-period differential model to study the impact of innovative city construction on the total factor productivity of service enterprises. First, this paper examines whether pilot policies can promote the productivity of listed service enterprises, and focuses on the time-delay and dynamic characteristics of innovative city construction. Secondly, the number of universities and night light index in history are used as instrumental variables to test the robustness of the benchmark conclusions. This study also tries to explore the main paths through which the pilot policy can affect the productivity improvement of service enterprises. Finally, according to the differences between the characteristics of enterprises and cities, it analyzes the differential impact of innovative city construction on the total factor productivity of service enterprises.#br#The main conclusions are as follows. (1) Compared with non-pilot cities, the construction of innovative cities is more conducive to the improvement of total factor productivity of service enterprises in pilot cities. After the robustness tests, such as the instrumental variable test, year-to-year matching test and placebo test, this conclusion remains valid. Besides, the innovative city construction has time-delay and long-term dynamic. (2) The mechanism test results show that the construction of innovation-oriented cities can boost the production efficiency of service enterprises in pilot cities by improving the capital allocation efficiency of service enterprises and improving the technological innovation level of service enterprises. Meanwhile,the innovative city construction can also improve the total factor productivity of service enterprises by accelerating the agglomeration of service industry in pilot cities and the collaborative agglomeration of service industry and manufacturing industry. (3) The heterogeneity results based on firm characteristics show that the policy effect of knowledge-intensive service enterprises and enterprises with low financing constraints is relatively obvious. In terms of the regional differences of service enterprises, innovative city construction has a strong policy effect on service enterprises in coastal cities and areas with a higher legal level.#br#Accurate evaluation of the effects of innovative city construction is of great guiding significance for China to become one of the most innovative countries by 2030. It also provides important inspiration for how to achieve high-quality development of China's service industry at the present stage. According to the research conclusion, this paper puts forward three countermeasures and suggestions. First, in order to give play to the role of resource agglomeration and talent and technology innovation in the construction of innovation-oriented cities, the government should actively foster an innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem in pilot cities to achieve breakthroughs in generic technologies and key technologies. Second, it is essential to improve the financial support system and property rights protection measures. Local governments need to provide sound investment and financing channels for the development of the service sector and encourage healthy innovative competition among enterprises. Third, Chinese local governments and micro enterprises need to take advantage of the Internet and digitalization to promote the synergistic agglomeration of service industry and manufacturing industry.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 82-91 [Abstract] ( 118 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1456KB] ( 406 )
92 Circling-layering Economy of Urban Agglomeration, Co-innovation and Industrial Upgrading
Chen Congbo,Ye Azhong,Lin Zhuang
China urgently needs to achieve economic transformation through innovation-driven industrial upgrading to stand out in global competition and lead a new round of industrial reform. China's industrial upgrading involves the largest population and the most comprehensive industrial structure, but the industrial upgrading presents a significant spatial imbalance. The industrial structure of peripheral cities is weak, and the collaborative ability of innovation subjects within cities is insufficient. With the construction of high-speed railway infrastructure, spatial knowledge spillover has become a catalyst for industrial upgrading. The imbalance of industrial upgrading between peripheral cities and central cities can be remedied by spatial knowledge spillover. Therefore, it is necessary to study the spatial spillover effect of co-innovation on industrial upgrading under the circle structure.#br#Academics generally believe that innovation is the driving force for industrial upgrading on the premise that the technological progress direction selected by independent innovation and learning activities is consistent with the regional conditions, and the regional industrial upgrading and economic development can be effectively promoted. Meanwhile when technological progress is inconsistent with regional conditions, the increase in the number of innovative achievements can not match the effect of industrial upgrading. In terms of spatial spillovers driving industrial upgrading in neighboring regions, existing studies mainly focus on the impact of industrial transfer and spatial knowledge spillovers on industrial upgrading. As for the spatial impact of industrial transfer, domestic scholars use the “flying-geese model" to explain the industrial transfer and upgrading from developed regions to less developed regions. Some scholars also hold a critical attitude towards the "flying-geese model", for there are still some improvements. First, it has failed to deeply analyze the differences between the spatial spillover effects of co-innovation of heterogeneous cities on industrial upgrading. For the central cities with the status of “leader goose" and a large number of peripheral cities, the urban heterogeneity of the spatial effects of co-innovation on industrial upgrading remains to be found; second, the dynamic impact of co-innovation space spillover on industrial upgrading is not considered; third, the empirical method mostly adopts a linear spatial model. If the linear assumption of spatial dependency is relaxed, the model setting should be more realistic to obtain more accurate estimation results. Therefore, this paper studies the spatial-temporal effect and urban heterogeneity of industrial upgrading of co-innovation between central cities and peripheral cities in the urban agglomeration circling structure, and then explores why industrial upgrading of central cities is in a dominant position in the circling structure. In terms of demonstration, the dynamic threshold spatial Dubin model is applied for the first time to test the spatial spillover of the co-innovation of the center and peripheral cities on industrial upgrading.#br#This paper constructs an asymmetric spatial weight matrix based on the Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone panel data from 2009 to 2019 to characterize the spatial relationships of circling-layering economy, and then builds a semi-parametric two-mechanism dynamic spatial Durbin model to investigate the spatial and temporal effects of co-innovation on industrial upgrading and its urban heterogeneity. The findings are as follows: (1) the Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone industrial upgrading has significant dynamic and spatial correlation, and the spatial and temporal effects of co-innovation of neighboring cities on industrial upgrading cannot be ignored; (2) cooperative patents of central and peripheral cities can promote the industrial upgrading of neighboring cities in short and long run while the government funding of co-innovation by central cities is disadvantageous to the industrial upgrading of peripheral cities in long run; (3) the current effect of co-innovation on industrial upgrading of local cities shows a marginal decreasing trend, and the reason for maintaining the advantage of industrial upgrading of central cities is more likely to come from the spatial spillover of co-innovation from neighboring cities to central cities, rather than the advantages of the central city's own co-innovation. The results are helpful to understand the spatial and temporal effects of co-innovation on industrial upgrading and to promote the integrated development of innovation between central and peripheral cities, and provide practical significance to realize the industrial upgrading of urban agglomerations as a whole.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 92-100 [Abstract] ( 149 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1201KB] ( 451 )
Enterprise Innovation Management
101 Have the State Key Laboratories Improved the Original Innovation Capability of Enterprises?
Wang Fushi
The state key laboratories established in the enterprises are a major national scientific and technological innovation platform, and their construction is a key strategic measure to promote technological innovation. In 2007, 2010 and 2015, China's state key laboratories of enterprises were constructed in three batches. The existing literature mainly focuses on their construction, and the impact of their establishment on enterprise innovation, and there is a lack of quantitative and empirical analysis. Therefore, from the theoretical level, this paper discusses the influence of national key laboratories on the original innovation capability of the related enterprises, and further discusses if the establishment of national key laboratories can affect the original innovation capability through the mechanisms of R&D capital investment, scientific and technological talents and R&D efficiency of the related enterprises.#br#Using the data of A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2021, this study takes the establishment of state key laboratories as a quasi-natural experiment, and uses the data of A-share listed companies with the state key laboratories to construct a multi-period double difference model for an empirical test. The results of benchmark regression analysis show that the construction of state key laboratories can promote the original innovation capability of enterprises, and the common trend test of data can reflect that state key laboratory can improve the original innovation capability of enterprises to some extent. The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the influence of state key laboratories on the original innovation capability of enterprises is not affected by enterprise location, but rather the industry field to which the enterprise belongs will affect the positive effect of the construction of state key laboratories on the original innovation capability of enterprises. The analysis of the influence mechanism shows that the construction of state key laboratories can improve the original innovation capability of enterprises by increasing the investment of R&D funds and enhancing the accumulation of scientific and technological talents, and the mechanism effect of R&D efficiency of enterprises between the construction of state key laboratories and the original innovation capability of enterprises presents a negative impact. It is further verified that the construction of state key laboratories can significantly improve the original innovation capability of enterprises, and the state key laboratories have a significant impact on the original innovation of enterprises belonging to different industries, but the heterogeneity analysis of the enterprise location is not significant. The construction of state key laboratories can affect the original innovation ability of enterprises through the mechanisms of R&D capital investment, accumulation of scientific and technological talents and R&D efficiency of enterprises. The positive mechanism effect of accumulation of scientific and technological talents is greater than that of R&D capital investment, and the mechanism effect of R&D efficiency of enterprises is the lowest and negative.#br#From the perspective of the government, state key laboratories, multiple entities of enterprises and their cooperation, practical enlightenment is drawn. First, the government should steadily promote the construction of multiple batches of state key laboratories of enterprises and the establishment of cooperative relations between enterprises and state key laboratories in related fields. Second, it is critical to deepen the investment mechanism of R&D funds and the management mechanism of scientific and technological talents of state key laboratories and relying enterprises, persist in investing part of the profits into enterprise R&D, and form a virtuous circle of enterprise R&D fund accumulation; while it is necessary to improve the salary design and management mode of , and establish a dual talent incentive mechanism for the scientific and technological talents. Third, it is the key to optimizing the institutional mechanism of management between the government, the state key laboratories and related enterprises . The state key laboratories and related enterprises should be granted greater authority in their own management. The government should mainly play a guiding role, establish a funding guarantee mechanism within enterprises and laboratories, improve the management mechanism of scientific and technological talents, and the supervision and evaluation mechanism, so as to keep optimizing the institutional mechanism reform of the government, state key laboratories and related enterprises.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 101-111 [Abstract] ( 144 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1245KB] ( 286 )
112 The Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Dynamic Capabilities on Service Innovation of Manufacturing Enterprises: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Xin Benlu,Mu Siyu
Manufacturing industry is the foundation and important support of China's economy, and its development of manufacturing industry is thus critical. With the advent of service economy, the product-dominant logic is gradually replaced by the service-dominant logic, and the manufacturing industry begins to actively explore a new path to maintain competitive advantages through service innovation. Providing new or improved services is the core content of service innovation, and this intangible service creates new customer value in its commercialization. The service innovation in the manufacturing industry needs to reconstruct, optimize and upgrade the strategic orientation, business process and enterprise management mode based on its own actual needs and specific development characteristics, continuously explore the customers' demand for service, and further optimize the mechanism of service innovation.#br#Service innovation performance represents the ability of manufacturing enterprises to achieve and maintain competitive advantages based on service innovation. As the internal resources of enterprises, entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities are the key factors affecting the service innovation of manufacturing enterprises. Although both fields center about the service innovation of enterprises, they have different focuses. The entrepreneurial management field focuses on the identification of opportunities related to service innovation, while the strategic management field focuses on the establishment of advantages in service innovation. In the highly competitive market environment, enterprises are confronted with the challenges of how to use the existing resources to build competitive advantages and explore potential opportunities for service innovation at the same time. The existing studies have only focused on the impact of a single factor on service innovation, but have not incorporated entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities into a unified framework, and ignored the multiple concurrent paths of service innovation modes. The strategic entrepreneurship theory provides a new integrated perspective for service innovation, and it is a synthesis of entrepreneurial management and strategic management, emphasizing the effective synergy between them, and influencing the organized re-innovation activities of enterprises by balancing opportunity-seeking and advantage-seeking. Drawing on the strategic entrepreneurship theory, this study follows the logic of "opportunity seeking—advantage seeking—synergy linkage", and explores the impact of entrepreneurial orientation, dynamic capabilities and enterprise scale on service innovation in manufacturing enterprises based on the configuration theory. It then uses the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method to explore the driving mechanism of different configurations of entrepreneurial orientation, dynamic capability and enterprise size on service innovation.#br#The paper selects 173 manufacturing enterprises as research samples to explore the impact of entrepreneurial orientation, dynamic ability and enterprise scale on the service innovation of manufacturing enterprises. The results show that no single condition can be a necessary condition for driving service innovation, and five different types of service innovation paths are found, and each path is equivalent. Among them, the enterprise scales in Configuration 1, Configuration 2 and Configuration 3 are all missing conditions, so these three configurations are regarded as the service innovation path of small and medium-sized enterprises, and can provide guidance for how to improve the service innovation performance of small and medium-sized enterprises. In Configuration 5, the enterprise size has no effect on the outcome variable, so this configuration is a universal path of service innovation and has reference significance for enterprises of any size. Service innovation has the characteristics of "common destination" and "multiple concurrency". Service innovation is the equivalent result of multiple dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capability. The service innovation paths of firms of different sizes are different. The effects of conditional variables are different for enterprises of different sizes. #br#The conclusions enrich the research on service innovation and strategic entrepreneurship, and provide theoretical support for enterprise service innovation. Different from the previous one-way linear research, this study adopts the perspective of strategic entrepreneurship theory, and proposes the driving mechanism of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic ability on service innovation, presenting a new mechanism change of linkage and balance, and the combination of different dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capability forms different service innovation paths. Some solutions are provided by using the fsQCA method, and they meet the research needs and provide new ideas for the application of this method in the study of service innovation and strategic entrepreneurship.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 112-121 [Abstract] ( 154 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1246KB] ( 392 )
122 The Configuration Path of Multi-factors' Synergic Impact on Entrepreneurial Performance of Complementary Enterprises in E-commerce Platforms
Huang Shaosheng,Yan Chun
In the digital era, the emergence of platforms has overturned the traditional concept of boundaries, and the integration of resources across original boundaries has become an irreversible trend, with e-commerce platform-based entrepreneurship releasing unprecedented new economic momentum. SMEs have entered development by complementing e-commerce platforms and integrating the digital technology of the platforms as an important path to maintain or seek resource advantages. However, while platforms offer innovative opportunities for resource acquisition and advantage reshaping, they may also bring uncertainty due to path dependency. While the existing literature confirms the 'net effect' of individual variables such as entrepreneurial capital, entrepreneurial environment, entrepreneurial perception, entrepreneurial opportunity identification, entrepreneurial decision making, and entrepreneurial resource bricolage on entrepreneurial performance, there are no consistent findings. It is inferred that the effect of these factors on entrepreneurial performance is not single, and there is a complementary or substitution relationship between various environmental or resource factors, resulting in a synergistic grouping of factors. The factors of technology, organization and environment are integrated within the research framework in the TOE theory, which helps to analyze and reveal the process of entrepreneurial performance from a holistic perspective. It is therefore used as the logical basis for this study.#br#This paper uses 334 complementary enterprises in e-commerce platforms as research samples to analyze the synergistic mechanisms of data support function application, community support function application, resource bricolage, contextualization innovation, environmental uncertainty and entrepreneurial policy orientation on entrepreneurial performance based on the TOE theoretical analysis framework. It is found that (1) there is no single necessary condition for achieving high entrepreneurial performance, indicating that in today's VUCA era, there is a complex causal mechanism for complementary e-commerce platforms to achieve high entrepreneurial performance, and no single antecedent condition can play a critical role; (2) the antecedent patterns of high entrepreneurial performance include the technology-driven and policy-supported type , the technology-driven and uncertainty-catalyzed type, the data-driven innovation and community-resource synergistic type, and the full-dimensional factor synergistic type. The technology-driven and policy-support type emphasizes the linkage between the application of platform digital functions and entrepreneurial policy orientation; the technology-driven and uncertainty-catalyzed type emphasizes the co-catalytic effect between the application of platform digital functions and environmental uncertainty scenarios; the data-driven innovation type emphasizes the linkage between the application of data-support functions and contextualization innovation; the community-resource synergistic type emphasizes the linkage between the application of community support functions and resource collocation actions; the full-dimensional factor synergistic type emphasizes the equivalent linkage of technological, organizational and environmental factors; (3) there are two configuration paths for non-high entrepreneurial performance of complementary platform enterprises, and there is a causal asymmetry with the driving path of high entrepreneurial performance.#br#By proposing six factors that affect the entrepreneurial performance of complementary enterprises from the levels of technology, organization and environment, this paper empirically explores the matching effects among multiple factors using the fsQCA approach, and reveals to some extent how the antecedent conditions of resource acquisition and integration of platform complementary enterprises impact performance outcomes, which expands the application context and boundaries of the TOE framework, and also provides a holistic perspective for understanding and explaining the causal complexity of entrepreneurial performance of platform complementary enterprises. In practice, it is far from sufficient to inspire the entrepreneurs of complementary enterprises to focus solely on the impact of a particular internal or external factor on entrepreneurial performance. On the contrary, it is reasonable to carry out resource activities and contextualization innovation in different environments according to one's own resource endowment. At the same time, it is not necessary to blindly compete with the leaders in the industry to which one belongs. Finally, the "bucket effect" mindset should be adopted in the relationship between internal and external factors and the entrepreneurial performance of complementary enterprises so that the enterprises can examine the optimal combination of resources, make full use of the platform's digital capabilities, identify multiple underlying logic, and digest the differentiated assumptions behind.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 122-130 [Abstract] ( 209 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1215KB] ( 356 )
131 Entrepreneurial Emotions, Risk-taking Ability and Enterprise Innovation Performance
Yu Xiaoliang,Zhang Qing,Yang Hanming
Under the fierce market competition, enterprise innovation is an imperative that is essential to major issues in the national economy, such as technological progress, industrial development and economic growth; thus, it is considered the key to achieving economic transformation and high-quality development. On the one hand, the Chinese government regards innovation as the primary driving force for development, and has issued incentive policies to create a good environment for enterprise innovation; on the other hand, more and more enterprises have been endeavoring to achieve independent research and development with increasing innovation investment. How to effectively achieve innovation incentives becomes a hot topic for both the academic and practical circles. Meanwhile, in reality enterprises have varying motivations for innovation. A large number of entrepreneurs with noble social emotions and career aspirations lead their enterprises to devote in key areas, and have had independent achievement; yet some entrepreneurs have occupied a large amount of public resources without making contributions to the economy, seriously distorting the efficiency of resource allocation. The existing literature on the characteristics of entrepreneurs is limited to the topics such as character experiences, attributes of natural persons, and overconfidence. There is still room for further exploration of how their psychological characteristics affect enterprise innovation.#br#In order to study the relationship between entrepreneurial emotions and enterprise innovation, the entrepreneur emotion scale is constructed based on the public data sets of listed companies in Hubei province. The total number of patent applications filed by enterprises in the current year is taken as a proxy variable for innovation performance. In order to test the heterogeneous impact of entrepreneurial sentiment on innovation, it further divides patents into invention patents , utility model patents , and design patents for testing one by one. Then the strategic innovation tendency indicators are proposed to measure the quality of enterprise innovation. The influences of entrepreneurial emotions on innovation performance at both quantity and quality levels are examined. In addition, due to the fact that the subsidy policies introduced by the government may lead to enterprises’ catering behaviors and lower the quality standards of enterprise innovation, the moderating role of government subsidies on entrepreneur emotion and innovation performance is thus analyzed.#br#The empirical results show that, firstly, entrepreneurial emotions can significantly motivate companies to engage in more innovative R&D activities. Companies with a higher level of entrepreneurial emotion also have more patent applications. Secondly, entrepreneurs with noble social emotions have higher risk-taking ability, and their enterprises are stronger in resisting risk shocks. The more risks they take, the better the innovation performance is achieved, so risk-taking ability plays a mediating role. Thirdly, the innovation incentive effect of entrepreneur emotion is mostly on invention patents, and it has a small impact on design patents, and no significant impact on utility model patents. Entrepreneurs with noble social emotions have significantly lower strategic innovation tendencies and higher innovation quality. Lastly, government subsidies can strengthen the impact of entrepreneurial emotions on enterprise innovation performance quality, and thus play a positive moderating role between entrepreneur emotion and innovation.#br# Compared with the existing literature with the focus on the influencing factors of enterprise innovation from aspects such as business environment, internal governance, and executive characteristics, the research findings in this paper are effective complements to those studies. From the perspective of entrepreneur emotion, this paper expands the research boundary of influencing factors of innovation performance, and explores the intrinsic mechanism of risk-taking ability improvement. It further deepens the relevant theoretical research on the measurement of entrepreneurial emotion and its economic consequences. By clarifying the positive incentive role of government subsidies in the special context of how entrepreneurial emotions promote innovation performance, this paper provides an empirical reference for the further introduction of economic policies.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 131-140 [Abstract] ( 191 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1240KB] ( 425 )
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
141 The Double-edged Sword Effect of Work Connectivity Behavior During Non-work Time on Employees′ Creativity：An Empowerment-Enslavement Paradox Perspective
Yuan Ling,Tong Yao,Wang Junli
In recent years, with the development of mobile Internet, employees can use electronic devices and corresponding softwares to communicate and deal with work affairs after work, leading to the emergence of the "night shift". Therefore, this circumstance arouses scholars' attention to the work connectivity behavior during non-work time. In particular, since the COVID-19 in 2020, the boundaries between work and non-work areas have been increasingly blurred, and the arrangement of private time is more flexible, which stimulates an atmosphere for innovation; at the same time, the occurrence of demand conflicts in non-work areas, such as family, further aggravates employees′ emotional exhaustion and hinders the exertion of creativity. It has become a hot academic topic of how to actively promote the spillover effects of employees′ work-non-work areas, stimulate employees′ innovation ability, and make it better coupled with national and enterprise innovation strategies. #br#According to the conservation of resource theory and the perspective of empowerment-enslavement paradox, this study chooses the work schedule and location control representing for the resource gain mechanism and the psychological detachment representing for the resource depletion mechanism to dig out the“double-edged sword” impact of work connectivity behavior during non-work time on employees′ creativity. In addition, it uses polychronicity as an individual trait resource, to explore its moderating effect on both the "empowerment" path and the "enslavement" path of work connectivity behavior during non-work time. It aims to comprehensively reveal the mechanism and boundary effect of work connectivity behavior during non-work time on employees′ creativity, so as to provide more practical advice. #br#The study selects a number of enterprises in Hunan and Hubei provinces, involving the Internet, information technology (IT), real estate, finance and other industries to carry out the empirical research, for these industries are closely related to creativity. In order to avoid the common method biases, the research adopts the two-wave questionnaire survey. By matching the longitudinal data, a total of 334 valid statistics are collected. Then the study applies the Mplus, SPSS and PROCESS macro to verify the hypotheses.#br#The research shows that (1) there is a “double-edged sword” impact of work connectivity behavior during non-work time on employees′ creativity; (2) work schedule, location control and psychological detachment mediate the relationship between work connectivity behavior during non-work time and employees′ creativity; (3) polychronicity positively moderates the relationship between work schedule and location control and employees′ creativity, and the mediation effect of work schedule and location control as well; (4) polychronicity negatively moderates the relationship between psychological detachment and employees′ creativity, as well as the mediation effect of psychological detachment. #br#The theoretical contribution of this study mainly lies in three aspects. Firstly, on the basis of empowerment-enslavement paradox, this study constructs a two-path influence mechanism of work connectivity behavior during non-work time in the context of China, which responds to the arguments in the field of work connectivity behavior, and enriches the research on its positive path. Secondly, this paper puts forward a new view that work connectivity behavior during non-work time affects employees′ creativity by empowering and enslaving two paths, verifying the consequences of work connectivity behavior during non-work time in the field of work. Moreover, the findings can provide practical suggestions for the "Tao" and "degree" of work connectivity during non-working time. Lastly, this study validates the boundary effect of polychronicity on the “double-edged sword” path of employee creativity during off-working hours, and expands the research on the dark side of the negative impact of polychronicity on employees′ creativity. Meanwhile, three pieces of advice for the management of organizations and supervisors are as follows. First of all, managers should pay attention to the negative impact of work connectivity behavior during non-work time, and actively guide and balance the demands of employees in work and non-work sections. The second suggestion is that managers should fully tap the positive role of self-control and design a set of flexible work schedule to meet the needs of employees′ work autonomy. Finally, enterprises should be aware of the positive and negative effects of polychronicity and emphasize on the matching the relationship between the employees' polychronicity level and non-working tasks.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 141-150 [Abstract] ( 252 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1282KB] ( 605 )
151 The Influence Mechanism of Tacit Knowledge Sharing on Knowledge Workers' Deviant Innovation: The Serial Mediation of Role Breadth Self-efficacy and Job Prosperity
Zhou Yan,Qian Huichi,Wang Nan
In the era of knowledge economy, the significance of innovation speaks for itself. The business environment and technological development have undergone dramatic changes. Enterprises are confronted with multiple pressures of reform, innovation and fierce competition, and need to build core competitive advantages to meet the requirements of internal and external environmental changes. Talent is the first resource of enterprise innovation, the carrier of enterprise knowledge culture and the main force to achieve transformation, upgrading and innovation development. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a reasonable and effective employee knowledge management mechanism to promote the innovation and development of enterprises in China. The existing research have asserted that tacit knowledge sharing is critical for the effective influence of enterprise knowledge management on enterprise performance, and plays an important role in promoting the evolution of enterprise internal knowledge and shaping a scientific management structure. With the arrival of the knowledge economy era, knowledge workers have become the mainstay of enterprise development, and internal motivation is an important motivation for knowledge workers to take active innovation behavior. Therefore, the deviant innovation motivation of knowledge workers has become a research hotspot of positive organizational behavior in recent years. Some researches have confirmed that tacit knowledge sharing can promote the motivation variables of employees' initiative behavior to a certain extent, but the relationship between tacit knowledge sharing and deviant innovation behavior and its internal influence mechanism need to be further analyzed.#br#On the basis of the above analysis, this paper aims to answer two questions. What is the relationship between tacit knowledge sharing and deviant innovation? How can tacit knowledge sharing effectively activate employees' innovation motivation? This study takes knowledge workers as the interviewees and mainly uses the questionnaire through the network platform and personal channels. Four items of tacit knowledge sharing, role breadth self-efficacy, job prosperity, and deviant innovation behavior are listed to be measured in the questionnaire. With a total of 532 questionnaires distributed, 494 effective questionnaires are retrieved with the effective rate of 92.86%. In order to reveal the "black box" mechanism of the internal role of tacit knowledge acting on employees' deviant innovation behavior, this study constructs a logical framework of "cognition motivation behavior" based on the social cognitive theory, and uses SPSS and AMOS to conduct hierarchical regression and Bootstrap analysis. #br#The conclusion shows that tacit knowledge sharing has a positive impact on knowledge-based employees' deviant innovation; role breadth, self-efficacy and job prosperity play a mediating role in the internal influence mechanism between them; meanwhile role breadth self-efficacy and job prosperity play a chain mediating role between tacit knowledge sharing and deviant innovation. This paper reveals the psychological cognitive function path of tacit knowledge sharing affecting employees' deviant innovation behavior. The research theme of tacit knowledge sharing and deviant innovation realizes the re-innovation and re-development of knowledge research in the innovation context. The interaction mechanism between psychological factors provides a more dynamic and comprehensive explanation for employees' behavior motivation. The theoretical framework provides reference values and lays a theoretical foundation for subsequent research; it effectively expands the research perspective of knowledge theory and innovation practice and responds to the call of the theoretical community for combining theory with practice. #br#The research conclusions also provide enlightenment for giving full play to the characteristics of deviant innovation. Since it plays a very important role in building positive psychological characteristics of employees in expanding the general adaptation of deviant innovation, it is essential to avoid the restrictions and obstacles of traditional thinking and conventional feedback on deviant innovation. For organizations, it is necessary to take measures to encourage innovation to promote the psychological development of exploratory and breakthrough innovation of employees. The government is expected to provide targeted guidance and suggestions for the knowledge management and innovation management practices of enterprises, and commit to better helping enterprises carry out innovation, transformation and upgrading.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (11): 151-160 [Abstract] ( 219 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1221KB] ( 332 )
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