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| The Double-edged Sword Effect of Work Connectivity Behavior During Non-work Time on Employees′ Creativity：An Empowerment-Enslavement Paradox Perspective |
| Yuan Ling,Tong Yao,Wang Junli |
| (Business School,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China) |
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Abstract In recent years, with the development of mobile Internet, employees can use electronic devices and corresponding softwares to communicate and deal with work affairs after work, leading to the emergence of the "night shift". Therefore, this circumstance arouses scholars' attention to the work connectivity behavior during non-work time. In particular, since the COVID-19 in 2020, the boundaries between work and non-work areas have been increasingly blurred, and the arrangement of private time is more flexible, which stimulates an atmosphere for innovation; at the same time, the occurrence of demand conflicts in non-work areas, such as family, further aggravates employees′ emotional exhaustion and hinders the exertion of creativity. It has become a hot academic topic of how to actively promote the spillover effects of employees′ work-non-work areas, stimulate employees′ innovation ability, and make it better coupled with national and enterprise innovation strategies. #br#According to the conservation of resource theory and the perspective of empowerment-enslavement paradox, this study chooses the work schedule and location control representing for the resource gain mechanism and the psychological detachment representing for the resource depletion mechanism to dig out the“double-edged sword” impact of work connectivity behavior during non-work time on employees′ creativity. In addition, it uses polychronicity as an individual trait resource, to explore its moderating effect on both the "empowerment" path and the "enslavement" path of work connectivity behavior during non-work time. It aims to comprehensively reveal the mechanism and boundary effect of work connectivity behavior during non-work time on employees′ creativity, so as to provide more practical advice. #br#The study selects a number of enterprises in Hunan and Hubei provinces, involving the Internet, information technology (IT), real estate, finance and other industries to carry out the empirical research, for these industries are closely related to creativity. In order to avoid the common method biases, the research adopts the two-wave questionnaire survey. By matching the longitudinal data, a total of 334 valid statistics are collected. Then the study applies the Mplus, SPSS and PROCESS macro to verify the hypotheses.#br#The research shows that (1) there is a “double-edged sword” impact of work connectivity behavior during non-work time on employees′ creativity; (2) work schedule, location control and psychological detachment mediate the relationship between work connectivity behavior during non-work time and employees′ creativity; (3) polychronicity positively moderates the relationship between work schedule and location control and employees′ creativity, and the mediation effect of work schedule and location control as well; (4) polychronicity negatively moderates the relationship between psychological detachment and employees′ creativity, as well as the mediation effect of psychological detachment. #br#The theoretical contribution of this study mainly lies in three aspects. Firstly, on the basis of empowerment-enslavement paradox, this study constructs a two-path influence mechanism of work connectivity behavior during non-work time in the context of China, which responds to the arguments in the field of work connectivity behavior, and enriches the research on its positive path. Secondly, this paper puts forward a new view that work connectivity behavior during non-work time affects employees′ creativity by empowering and enslaving two paths, verifying the consequences of work connectivity behavior during non-work time in the field of work. Moreover, the findings can provide practical suggestions for the "Tao" and "degree" of work connectivity during non-working time. Lastly, this study validates the boundary effect of polychronicity on the “double-edged sword” path of employee creativity during off-working hours, and expands the research on the dark side of the negative impact of polychronicity on employees′ creativity. Meanwhile, three pieces of advice for the management of organizations and supervisors are as follows. First of all, managers should pay attention to the negative impact of work connectivity behavior during non-work time, and actively guide and balance the demands of employees in work and non-work sections. The second suggestion is that managers should fully tap the positive role of self-control and design a set of flexible work schedule to meet the needs of employees′ work autonomy. Finally, enterprises should be aware of the positive and negative effects of polychronicity and emphasize on the matching the relationship between the employees' polychronicity level and non-working tasks.#br#
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Received: 05 May 2022
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