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| The Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Dynamic Capabilities on Service Innovation of Manufacturing Enterprises: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis |
| Xin Benlu1,2,Mu Siyu1 |
| (1.Business and Management School,Jilin University;2.Key Laboratory of Ice and Snow Tourism Resorts Equipment and Intelligent Service Technology,Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Changchun 130012, China) |
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Abstract Manufacturing industry is the foundation and important support of China's economy, and its development of manufacturing industry is thus critical. With the advent of service economy, the product-dominant logic is gradually replaced by the service-dominant logic, and the manufacturing industry begins to actively explore a new path to maintain competitive advantages through service innovation. Providing new or improved services is the core content of service innovation, and this intangible service creates new customer value in its commercialization. The service innovation in the manufacturing industry needs to reconstruct, optimize and upgrade the strategic orientation, business process and enterprise management mode based on its own actual needs and specific development characteristics, continuously explore the customers' demand for service, and further optimize the mechanism of service innovation.#br#Service innovation performance represents the ability of manufacturing enterprises to achieve and maintain competitive advantages based on service innovation. As the internal resources of enterprises, entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities are the key factors affecting the service innovation of manufacturing enterprises. Although both fields center about the service innovation of enterprises, they have different focuses. The entrepreneurial management field focuses on the identification of opportunities related to service innovation, while the strategic management field focuses on the establishment of advantages in service innovation. In the highly competitive market environment, enterprises are confronted with the challenges of how to use the existing resources to build competitive advantages and explore potential opportunities for service innovation at the same time. The existing studies have only focused on the impact of a single factor on service innovation, but have not incorporated entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities into a unified framework, and ignored the multiple concurrent paths of service innovation modes. The strategic entrepreneurship theory provides a new integrated perspective for service innovation, and it is a synthesis of entrepreneurial management and strategic management, emphasizing the effective synergy between them, and influencing the organized re-innovation activities of enterprises by balancing opportunity-seeking and advantage-seeking. Drawing on the strategic entrepreneurship theory, this study follows the logic of "opportunity seeking—advantage seeking—synergy linkage", and explores the impact of entrepreneurial orientation, dynamic capabilities and enterprise scale on service innovation in manufacturing enterprises based on the configuration theory. It then uses the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method to explore the driving mechanism of different configurations of entrepreneurial orientation, dynamic capability and enterprise size on service innovation.#br#The paper selects 173 manufacturing enterprises as research samples to explore the impact of entrepreneurial orientation, dynamic ability and enterprise scale on the service innovation of manufacturing enterprises. The results show that no single condition can be a necessary condition for driving service innovation, and five different types of service innovation paths are found, and each path is equivalent. Among them, the enterprise scales in Configuration 1, Configuration 2 and Configuration 3 are all missing conditions, so these three configurations are regarded as the service innovation path of small and medium-sized enterprises, and can provide guidance for how to improve the service innovation performance of small and medium-sized enterprises. In Configuration 5, the enterprise size has no effect on the outcome variable, so this configuration is a universal path of service innovation and has reference significance for enterprises of any size. Service innovation has the characteristics of "common destination" and "multiple concurrency". Service innovation is the equivalent result of multiple dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capability. The service innovation paths of firms of different sizes are different. The effects of conditional variables are different for enterprises of different sizes. #br#The conclusions enrich the research on service innovation and strategic entrepreneurship, and provide theoretical support for enterprise service innovation. Different from the previous one-way linear research, this study adopts the perspective of strategic entrepreneurship theory, and proposes the driving mechanism of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic ability on service innovation, presenting a new mechanism change of linkage and balance, and the combination of different dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capability forms different service innovation paths. Some solutions are provided by using the fsQCA method, and they meet the research needs and provide new ideas for the application of this method in the study of service innovation and strategic entrepreneurship.#br#
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Received: 15 November 2022
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