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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
 
2023 Vol.40 Issue.13
Published 2023-07-10
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
Regional Scientific Development
Industrial Technological Progress
Enterprise Innovation Management
Review
Knowledge Science and Knowledge Engineering
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
1 Digital Economy, Heterogeneous Technological Innovation and Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Liu Tan,Xu Zhangyong
The Chinese government has been striving to reach the peak of carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.It is acknowledged that practical and efficient carbon reduction requires the support of technological innovation.Although China has already promoted some low-carbon technology research and development in fields such as wind and solar energy, there are still some technologies that rely on foreign imports, and the overallnational technological capability has much room for improvement.Moreover, technological progress does not always contribute to energy conservation and emission reduction, and there are differences in environmental benefits under different technological paths.The level of independent innovation capability is related to the possibility of meeting the actual domestic technological needs.Therefore, it is necessary to explore new driving forces to stimulate innovation vitality, strengthen independent innovation, accelerate the transformation of energy structure, and promote the reduction of carbon emissions.Meanwhile, the government has stressed the necessity of accelerating the green transformation of production and lifestyle, and the need to promote the integration of digital, intelligent, and green development in the industrial field.These practical needs raise the following questions.What is the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions? Can technological innovation become an indirect channel for the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions? What are the differences in the effectiveness of different technological innovation models? Will regional heterogeneity in innovation capability also affect the relationship between the two?#br#The study constructs a benchmark model to verify the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions; to investigate the mechanism of the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions, it draws inspiration from Baron&Kenny's step regression approach and sets up a mediating model to verify whether technology introduction, imitation innovation, and independent innovation could be the transmission pathways of the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions; the study further sets up a panel threshold model to explore the threshold characteristics of the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions.The provincial panel data in this study mainly comes from the China Statistical Yearbook, China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook, China Environmental Statistical Yearbook, China Industrial Statistical Yearbook, and China Urban Statistical Yearbook; the digital finance data is sourced from the "Peking University Digital Inclusive Finance Index"; the CO2 emission data comes from the China Carbon Accounting Database (CEADs).The data from 30 provinces (cities, districts) in China from 2011 to 2020 is then taken as research samples to empirically test the impact of the digital economy on carbon dioxide emissions.The study divides technological innovation into three modes of technology introduction, imitation innovation and independent innovation to examine the transmission path of heterogeneous technological innovation.#br#It is found that the digital economy can significantly reduce carbon emissions, but the digital economy would increase carbon emissions in the early stages of development, both of which show the "inverted U" threshold characteristics.The mechanism test shows that the digital economy reduces carbon emissions by promoting independent innovation and imitation innovation, but technology introduction is not an effective path.Moreover, with the improvement of independent innovation and imitation innovation, the carbon emission reduction effect of the digital economy is becoming more and more obvious.Further research shows that in regions with high levels of comprehensive innovation, human capital and intellectual property protection,the digital economy has a stronger role in carbon reduction.#br#The conclusion reveals that in the era of digital economy, it is essential to promote the deep integration of digital technology and traditional industries, apply digital technologies to reduce carbon emissions of traditional industries, and achieve win-win economic and environmental benefits; moreover,it is critical to strengthen the independent innovation and imitation of low-carbon technologies, and fully release the carbon reduction effect of the digital economy; last but not least, for local governments, they should have a deep understanding of regional heterogeneity, and improve the local construction of a low-carbon innovation system according to their conditions.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 1-10 [Abstract] ( 269 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1255KB] ( 251 )
11 Matching Methods of Breakthrough Technology Knowledge Elements Based on Evidence Reasoning
Liu Yumei, Wen Xin,Meng Xiangfei
The technology structure and innovation mode are constantly changing in the background of technology convergence and?interdiscipline, so the formation and realization of breakthrough technology innovation is highly uncertain. If it is regarded as the innovation result of technology knowledge convergence in different fields to achieve technological trajectory transition, the internal mechanism of breakthrough technology innovation can be effectively understood. In this paper, the evidence reasoning theory is applied and the technology is refined and decomposed into the form of knowledge element combination. According to the nature of breakthrough technology innovation and technology convergence, the technology matching rules and methods are given. The effectiveness of the matching rules and methods is verified by taking graphene technology as an example.#br#Theoretically, based on the diversification, dynamics and decentralization characteristics of breakthrough technology knowledge elements, technology is decomposed into the form of knowledge element combination, and the evidence reasoning theory is applied to construct the technology matching rules. The technology knowledge element matching model is the context of breakthrough technology innovation is proposed, and the rules and methods of technology knowledge matching in the formation process of breakthrough technology innovation with dynamic attributes are given. It further expands the theory and method of the formation and development about breakthrough technology innovation. In practice, in combination with the urgent need to tackle the bottleneck technologies, this study hasestablished the technology knowledge matching and convergence methods in the context of breakthrough technology innovation, provided reasonable and feasible guidance for the formation about breakthrough technology innovation, offer the theoretical and methodological tools for solving practical problems that are difficult to form breakthrough technological innovation.#br#Due to the complexity and uncertainty of breakthrough technology innovation and technological convergence, the matching relationship of technology knowledge elements is increasingly complex and uncertain. For this reason, based on the evidence reasoning theory, the trust function and likelihood function are introduced to fuse uncertain knowledge at different levels to measure the uncertainty flexibly. The technology refining is decomposed into the form of knowledge element combination, and the technology matching rules are determined according to the decisive factors for the formation of breakthrough technology innovation, i.e. technological novelty, difference and convergence, and then the technology knowledge element matching model is given. The graphene technology is taken as an example for the application analysis, so as to provide ideas and methods for technology matching research in the context of breakthrough technology innovation.#br#This paper proposes the matching rules and methods of technology knowledge elements in the context of breakthrough technology innovation. It explains the mechanism of technology matching and technology knowledge element matching in the context of breakthrough technology innovation from the micro and macro levels. On the one hand, the technology matchmaker obtains the technology provided by the technology provider through the technology matching rules and after the new technology is formed through technology convergence, it will continue to look for the other technology providers that can match it, forming a continuous benign development process; on the other hand, the novelty, difference and convergence of technology are the main factors that determine whether the technology knowledge elements can be integrated and achieve the breakthrough technology innovation, which provides a basis for the technology matching rules. Meanwhile by using the formula about transition degree of technological trajectory to represent the matching rules of technology knowledge elements, it is more conducive to finding the suitable technology knowledge elements from many sources of technology and knowledge for matching, and improving the effect of technology convergence and breakthrough technology innovation. It is proposed to build a technology knowledge element matching model in the context of breakthrough technology innovation, establish a multi-objective balanced technology matching model according to the timeliness, cost, innovation achievements and other factors, and then obtain the best matching scheme of technology knowledge elements, so as to improve the applicability of technology matching in the context of breakthrough technology innovation. #br#There are still some deficiencies in the technology matching method in this study. This paper only puts forward the matching scheme of technology in a certain period of time in technology matching. In practice, it is essential to consider the changes of technical requirements to be matched in different stages and the effect of matching schemes. In addition to considering the technology matching in a certain period of time, future researchshould also consider the changes of the technical requirements to be matched in different stages and the effect of the matching scheme in the technology matching scheme.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 11-20 [Abstract] ( 98 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1347KB] ( 140 )
Regional Scientific Development
21 How Does the Digital Economy Affect Urban Integration Innovation with the Combination of Multiple Effects? The Case of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration
Jia Yongfei,Wang Zhenyu
With the rapid development of information technology and digital economy, China is endeavoring to establish an innovative integration model to support high-quality economic development. Thus the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and digital economy will be the fulcrum for shaping a new innovation paradigm. Furthermore with the rapid rise of the platform economy, enterprises have gradually evolved from unilateral operation or bilateral cooperation with external entities to multilateral win-win cooperation based on platform strategy. The digital economy has brought new potential energy for the innovation subject to integrate external digital innovation resources and develop financing innovation. For this reason, the combination of multiple digital economic effects has become the key linkto improve urban innovation ability by promoting integrated innovation development.#br#This study analyzes the concept and connotation of integrated innovation from the perspectives of"integration" and "mobility". "Integration" is mainly reflected in the integration of multiple innovation entities and the open integration of organizational boundaries. The technology threshold and oligopoly in the traditional economy make it difficult for diversified producers to enter the high-tech industries, and consequently due to the lack of collaborative innovation, the problem of production homogenization is unavoidable. Financing innovation is a new innovation paradigm and it can promote the deep integration of industrial chain and innovation chain, facilitate the integration and complementation of heterogeneous resources of different innovation subjects, optimize the allocation of innovation resources, and deeply integrate basic research, application research and industrialization research, which is conducive to breaking the barriers between the government, universities, research institutes, large and small enterprises, intermediaries and other innovation subjects, so as tointegrate each link and each subject more closely in the innovation chain. On the basis of the deep integration of enterprises, universities and governments, the relationship among innovation subjects gradually turns to the value symbiotic relationship,which implies the reshaping of the competition and cooperation relationship with the idea of innovation alliance. Because financial innovation can give full play to the advantages of external innovation subjects in innovation, and externalize innovation, enterprise technology innovation and product development could be promoted. The emergence of financial innovation mode is based on the development of digital economy. Therefore, it is important to study how the effects of digital economy affect the development of financial innovation.#br#This study uses the fsQCA method to analyze the condition configuration and realization path of digital economy penetration effect, mapping effect and scale effect on urban integration innovation level. It takes 27 cities in the Yangtze River Delta as samples. The results show that high financing innovation level has six driving paths and can be divided into three different effect level models. Among the selected paths, scale effect is the main core condition, followed by penetration effect, and mapping effect plays an important role in supporting the six driving paths. Multi-factor synergy helps to improve the level of urban integration and innovation. The effective combination of various factors will promote the improvement of urban integration and innovation level through different path regression. Due to the difference of resource endowment, the innovation capability of cities in the Yangtze River Delta is obviously different. According to the original capabilities and core competitiveness of each city, 27 sample cities are divided into "source" cities and "trickle-down" cities. The analysis shows that compared with "trickle-down" cities, "source" cities can use more diversified resource elements to improve the level of integration and innovation, and the correlation between the elements is higher. #br#On the basis of the above research conclusions, this study puts forward three policy suggestions to improve the level of urban financing innovation. First, it is necessary to deeply promote digital development and urban financing innovation with digital technology as a tool. Second, cities should strengthen the synergy and coupling of digital economic effects. Last but not the least, it is vital to keep focused onthe formation and evolution of urban agglomeration spatial innovation network, and effectively exert the positive spillover effect of regional digital economy development on urban financing innovation.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 21-30 [Abstract] ( 161 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1330KB] ( 230 )
31 Is Digital Economy a New Driving Force for Urban Innovation?An Empirical Research in 272 Cities
Zhou Xia,Yu Yu,Shi Qinfen
Innovation is the first driving force leading China's economic transformation and development, and the urban innovation system is an essential part of the national innovation system. Releasing the vitality of urban innovation and improving urban innovation capacity is of great significance for accelerating the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy. Meanwhile, with the innovative breakthrough of the new generation of information and communication technology, the digital economy, as a disruptive new social and economic form, is constantly restructuring factor resources, reshaping the economic structure, and changing the competition pattern. The deep integration of digital technology and traditional industries can breed all kinds of new initiatives and new forms of business. In addition, the free flow and integration of knowledge, talent and capital in the digital economy accelerate the accumulation and advancement of urban innovation resources and contribute to the promotion of urban innovation. However, some scholars also put forward different views that with the complete penetration of the Internet into the economy, digital platforms will cause traffic and data monopolies by bilateral or multilateral market effects, thus damaging the urban innovation environment. Moreover, the leakage and abuse of data information and the impact on the traditional intellectual property protection system will lead to digital security problems and hinder the urban innovative development. Is the digital economy the "booster" or "roadblock" of urban innovation and growth? How strong is its impact on urban innovation? Will there be differences due to the development and characteristics of cities? In response to these problems, most of the relevant literature focuses on the theoretical elaboration of the realization path of digital empowerment or the empirical studies based on the actual data of western developed countries. Given the specific situation in China, an empirical study with an accurate evaluation of the role of the digital economy in urban innovation needs to be launched.#br#This paper selects 272 cities at prefecture level and above in China from 2015 to 2020 to build the panel data and establishes an econometric model from three aspects. Firstly, the impact of the digital economy on urban innovation is evaluated by selecting a benchmark model. Secondly, the benchmark model is further estimated by introducing the interaction term to reveal the regional differences in the digital economy enabling urban innovation. Finally, a threshold model is established to describe the characteristics of the impact of the digital economy on urban innovation at different stages.#br#The results show that the digital economy has a significant positive correlation with urban innovation which is the driving force for enabling urban innovation. Further research has confirmed that the enabling effect of the digital economy on urban innovation has regional heterogeneity, and the higher the administrative level of a city, the stronger and more significant its enabling impact. In addition, the digital economy will keep empowering urban innovation with the improvement of the city's PE /VC activity and digital status.#br#On the basis of the systematic selection of the existing common indicators, this paper follows the relevant policy guidance, and constructs a new urban digital economy measurement indicator system that represents the differences more comprehensively in the development level of the digital economy in different cities from the multi-dimensional perspective of digital basis, digital industrialization and industrial digitalization. At the same time, this paper examines the factors affecting urban innovation from the new perspective of the digital economy. It empirically tests the regional differences and characteristics of the impact of the digital economy on urban innovation at different stages at a more detailed regional spatial scale, which not only enriches the theory of urban innovation, but also provides new evidence from China which is active in promoting urban innovation enabled by the digital economy. The research results of this paper provide practical policy implications for grasping the digital opportunities in the digital economy era and accelerating the realization of the national innovation-driven development strategy.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 31-39 [Abstract] ( 176 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1321KB] ( 300 )
Industrial Technological Progress
40 Innovation Efficiency Measurement,Regional Difference and Spatial Convergence of High-tech Digital Manufacturing Industry
Zhang Yuanqing,Liu Shuo,Qi Ping
For a long time, China's manufacturing industry has been dependent on cost advantages to gain competitiveness. However due to the normalcy characterized with trade friction and disappearing population dividend, the cost advantages of China's manufacturing industry are difficult to sustain. At the same time, China is also faced with the situation that the core and key technologies in the upstream of the industrial chain are subject to foreign constraints. Therefore, it is necessary to make breakthroughs in innovation to maintain international competitiveness. At present, the digital economy based on digital technology has shown strong vitality and played an important role as an innovation engine under the continuous impact of the epidemic. The Chinese government is endeavoring to promote the high-end and intelligent development of manufacturing industry, create new growth engines such as new generation information technology and artificial intelligence, and improve the innovation efficiency of manufacturing industry. But in the process of rapid development of digital economy, the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development of digital industry within and between regions has become increasingly prominent. Against the backdrop of rapid development of the digital economy, further research is needed on the following questions: (1) what is the innovation efficiency of China's high-tech digital manufacturing industry? (2) is there a regional difference in the innovation efficiency of high-tech digital manufacturing industry?(3) is there a convergence mechanism for the innovation efficiency of high-tech digital manufacturing industry?#br#This study selects the data from 2009 to 2020 to measure and analyze innovation efficiency in 25 provinces. Drawing on existing research on innovation efficiency, the study divides the measurement of innovation efficiency into two stages: the first stage is the industrial research and development stage, and the second stage is the achievement transformation stage which is based on absorbing the achievements of the first stage of research and development. Thus it adopts the Super-SBM two-stage DEA model, Dagumn Gini coefficients and spatial convergence model to measure the innovation efficiency level of China's high-tech digital manufacturing industry from the perspective of value chain, and analyzes the dynamic characteristics of regional differences and spatial convergence of high-tech digital manufacturing industry.#br#The results show that (1) there is still a gap between the innovation efficiency of high-tech digital manufacturing industry in China and its optimal state, and the innovation efficiency in the east is significantly higher than that of other regions; (2) there are large differences in innovation efficiency between regions and within regions, and the sources of the differences in the two stages show different characteristics with significant changes in 2016; (3) the central R&D stage and the achievement transformation stage have had convergence characteristics since 2016, and the national level has significant spatial absolute and conditional convergence characteristics, while the eastern absolute convergence spatial characteristics have not passed the significance test. The findings are conducive to advancing an objective and comprehensive understanding of the current situation of innovation efficiency of China's digital manufacturing industry from the perspective of value chain, thus providing theoretical and empirical supports for how to strengthen the coordination and correlation between digital industry research and development and achievement transformation,upgrade the relevant industry chain, promote the development of the digital economy, improve the economic quality and avoid the regional digital gaps. #br#According to the above research conclusions, the marginal contributions of this paper are listed as follows: first, according to the classification of the digital economy industry by the National Bureau of Statistics, the two-stage innovation efficiency of high-tech digital manufacturing industry has been sorted and measured; second, the Dagumn Gini coefficient is used to measure the regional differences of innovation efficiency of high-tech digital manufacturing industry in China, and the spatial convergence characteristics of high-tech digital manufacturing industry are analyzed using the σ andβ convergence models.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 40-49 [Abstract] ( 161 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1365KB] ( 231 )
50 The Effects of Technology Blockade on the Independence of Industrial Development:An Empirical Test Based on the U.S. Entity List
Xue Yaowen,Yang Dagao,Wang Wenli
Each outbreak of scientific and technological innovation and industrial change has greatly contributed to the improvement of social labor productivity and has brought new development trends and characteristics of industrial development. The leaders of each industrial revolution have taken global competitive advantages for a long period with leading the strategic evolution direction of new industries. Since the 21st century, the United States has been imposing unjustified sanctions on Chinese high-tech enterprises in an attempt to curb China's industrial development. Under such circumstances, it is crucial to identify the key points for the independent and autonomous development of industries by defining the types of industries under suppression and verifying their structural position and the role they play in the national economy. #br#Therefore, this paper summarizes two main characteristics of Chinese enterprises with core technologies on the U.S.entity list. Firstly, they have strong R&D capability with access to global resources, and lead the technological development trend of their industries; secondly, they have a high market share and occupy an oligopoly position in the global market in the form of multinational companies. Because of the importance of core enterprises in the industrial supply chain in the two major lines of R&D and sales, the impact of the U.S. entity list on core enterprises is passed on to related industries. The study integrates four categories of industries including computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing, software and information technology services, research and experimental development, and science and technology promotion and application services. Subsequently, the input-output table is used as the database to construct the strongly related industry adjacency matrix by using the improved Floyd algorithm to generate the strongly related industry network. On the basis of the above theoretical mechanism, this study empirically examines the impact of the technology blockade on the development trend of self-sustainability and self-improvement of related industries in China by using the industrial network model and input-output model and investigates the specific impact mechanisms and effects. #br#The following conclusions are drawn. (1) The computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry has strong driving benefits for the national economy and is a pillar industry in a strategic position; however, the industry is integrated into the global industrial value chain in the way of large-scale export based on large-scale import, the industry has high employment absorption capacity with a low value-added rate and an unsatisfactory employment environment, and it is a labor-intensive industry andmost affected by the entity list. The software and information technology service industry, research and experimental development industry, science and technology promotion, and application service industry are in the initial stage of development, and thus the social reproduction is not sufficient; there is not a complete industrial ecology, and industrial development is dependent on capital investment. (2) The computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries and the science and technology promotion and application service industries are in the structural hole position with large ego network scale but low ego network density, and the advantages of this industrial structure are not fully utilized. (3) The U.S. technology blockade inhibits the development of China's four types of industries to varying degrees, and the most serious constraints are imposed on the development of the computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry. But the suppression also forces China to increase the supply of resources for the research and experimental development industry, software and information technology service industry, improve its key technology research, and enhance its importance and influence in the industrial structure. #br#In summary, this studyextends the suppression of enterprises to the industry level with integrated research on the Chinese enterprises affected by the U.S. entity list from an industrial perspective. It further constructs a network of strongly related industries based on inter-industry linkages and analyzes the impact of the U.S. technology blockade on the independent and autonomous development and industrial structure upgrading of four types of industries through iterations.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 50-59 [Abstract] ( 147 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1528KB] ( 398 )
Enterprise Innovation Management
60 Relationship between CEO Characteristics and Start-up's Strategic Inertia:Evidence from C4.5 Decision Tree
Chen Xiaolin,Liu Yeshen,Song Zhe
The existing views generally argue that large companies have inertia, while small companies have flexibility. In reality, however, some start-ups suffer from rapid failure due to strategic inertia (e.g., OFO). Unlike the sources of strategic inertia in mature firms, start-ups are not constrained by resource stocks, structural constraints, routines, or experiences of success or failure. The multiple factors that have influenced mature firms to generate strategic inertia cannot explain why start-ups have strategic inertia. CEO characteristics may be an important source of strategic inertia in start-ups. According to the upper echelon theory, a firm's business decisions and daily actions are influenced by the CEO, and the CEO's characteristics influence the final decisions and execution of the firm's actions. Previous studies on CEO characteristics and strategic inertia have not distinguished between general firms and start-ups which have special properties. Moreover, unlike mature firms, start-ups suffer from higher uncertainty, information asymmetry and financial constraints, which limit the exercise of CEO initiative, and it is difficult for start-ups to bear the costs and risks of strategic change. Therefore, it needs further investigation if the findings of previous studies on CEO characteristics and strategic inertia in mature firms are equally appropriate to explain the strategic inertia of start-ups.#br#In terms of research methods, the regression methods commonly used in existing studies usually center around the "net effect" of CEO characteristics on strategic inertia, and pay insufficient attention to the "joint effect" between multiple independent variables. Therefore, this study applies the C4.5 decision tree algorithm to study the influence of the "joint effect" of CEO characteristics and the internal and external environmental factors on the strategic inertia of start-ups, which helps to form a macro and systematic understanding of the causes of strategic inertia in start-ups. Moreover, previous studies mostly adopt explanatory modeling focusing on the causal inference between CEO characteristics and strategic inertia. However, the predictive nature of CEO characteristics on strategic inertia can also be examined. First, predictive analysis facilitates deeper excavation of the complex linkages behind variables and promotes the advancement of explanatory models and theories. Second, the predictive effect offers a new perspective to evaluate explanatory models, and it can evaluate the relative importance of each variable and test the relevance of previous theories to practice by measuring the degree of each variable's contribution to prediction accuracy. Finally, the degree of predictive capability can reflect the capability of theories to explain practical problems, and the predictive accuracy of explanatory models is directly proportional to the reliability of the theories on which they are based. Thus, this paper applies the C4.5 decision tree algorithm in machine learning to investigate the predictability of CEO characteristics for the strategic inertia of start-ups and explores the importance of different CEO characteristics in predicting strategic inertia.#br#This paper uses samples between 2009 and 2019 from China's listed companies with operating periods less than 12 years, and applies the C4.5 decision tree based on multidimensional CEO features to predict strategic inertia and investigate the influence mechanism. It is confirmed that the C4.5 decision tree can predict the strategic inertia of start-ups with promising accuracy; among multiple CEO characteristics, CEO education,share ratio and income are the three most important predictors of strategic inertia in start-ups; interactions among CEO characteristics, and the internal and external environment of the companies contribute to six different scenarios of strategic inertia. This paper not only studies the strategic inertia of start-ups from a systematic perspective but also provides inspiration for strategic management practices for start-ups.#br#The following policy recommendations are proposed. First, in a competitive industry, to maintain the flexible turnaround ability of private start-ups, the CEO should hold no more than 44% of the share ratio to avoid the "trench defense effect". In the case of state-owned start-ups, the board of directors or government departments can give the CEO a higher salary to stimulate the CEO's "loss aversion" mentality and motivate the CEO to create value through strategic adjustments. Second, for new private start-ups in moderately competitive industries, in order to maintain the flexibility of enterprises, young CEOs can be given priority under the same conditions when selecting and hiring CEOs. Finally, for state-owned start-ups in industries with cutthroat competition, the government should give full trust to the CEO and encourage the CEO to rely more on themselves to make breakthroughs in a highly competitive industry.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 60-70 [Abstract] ( 161 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1428KB] ( 434 )
71 The Impact of Customer Participation and Knowledge Sharing on Technology-based New Ventures' Technology Commercialization Capability in the Context of Digital Economy
Du Xiaomin,Shan Biaoan,Yan Shuanghui,Ma Li
The development of digital technology is driving a new round of industrial transformation that greatly boosts economic growth in China and even the world, and brings about an explosive growth of digital innovation and entrepreneurship. A large number of entrepreneurs including start-ups are looking for business opportunities around smart hardware and digital media and other areas, and many new ideas driven by new technologies are becoming reality and are favored by customers, and they profoundly affect socio-economic activities. In the context of digital economy, these emerging digital technologies facilitate data sharing and efficient resource management, greatly widen the channels of opportunity sources, reduce the trial-and-error costs of new product and accelerate the process of technology commercialization. Meanwhile, new ventures face more challenges in technology commercialization in this context, and those who fail to adapt to this highly volatile and uncertain environment will soon be lost in the flood of the digital economy. Hence in the context of the digital economy, it is of great value to focus on technology commercialization for new ventures.#br#Technology commercialization is extremely important for new ventures and is a core foundation of organizational survival and profitability. From the existing research, the relevant literature mainly focuses on the process of technology commercialization, the external environment of enterprise operation, the resources or capabilities owned by enterprises, and the role of innovation networks or external networks on technology commercialization. However, these studies pay little attention to the characteristics of new ventures in the context of the digital economy, and lack of research on the role of factors and contextual variables affecting technology commercialization.#br#Through the questionnaire survey of the new ventures in several regional cities, this study reveals the impact of customer participation and knowledge sharing on technology commercialization of technology-based new enterprises, and discusses the moderating role of the degree of enterprise digitalization. This study draws the following conclusions. First, customer participation is an important external factor driving technology commercialization of technology-based new ventures. Second, knowledge sharing is an important internal factor to promote technology commercialization in technology-based new ventures. Third, the degree of digitization is an important contextual variable that positively moderates the relationship between knowledge sharing and technology commercialization. Higher the degree of digitization, the more significant the positive effect of knowledge sharing on technology commercialization.#br#The relevant research findings have important theoretical values. (1) In the context of digital economy, two key factors affecting technology commercialization, namely customer participation and knowledge sharing, are revealed in the context of the characteristics of technology-based new ventures. (2)It further deepens the theory of technology commercialization of technology-based new ventures by exploring the role of contextualization in digitization in the context of digital economy. The relevant findings further support the importance and necessity of digitization in technology-based new ventures. #br#The relevant findings have important implications for management practice in three main areas. (1) Technology-based new ventures should improve customer participation, fully attract and guide the extensive customer participation from market demand research, product prototype development,product upgrading, marketing and other series of processes to improve the success rate of new ventures marketization. (2) Technology-based new ventures need to establish an open and sharing system and culture to widely promote the flow and sharing of knowledge within the organization. Open and sharing systems help the rapid flow of new and valuable information and knowledge within the organization, such as the use of various types of internal learning training and regular interdepartmental exchange meetings, etc. At the same time, the organization should also encourage all kinds of informal internal communication and establish an open and interactive culture to promote theknowledge dissemination, especially tacit knowledge. (3) The organization should continuously carry out digital construction and continuously improve the degree of digitalization. While attaching importance to opportunity research and development and marketization, technology-based new ventures shouldfully utilize digital technology to promote the digital construction of ventures and strengthen the control and analysis of each key aspect of innovation activities.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 71-80 [Abstract] ( 148 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1281KB] ( 462 )
81 Technological Innovation, Organizational Resilience and High-quality Development of Manufacturing Enterprises
Zhang Shaofeng,Xu Mengsu,Zhu Yue,Wang Zeqiang
New business models are emerging in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic and the new-generation technological revolution such as artificial intelligence and the digital industry. In contrast, the competitiveness of traditional business models continues to decline. The high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises is facing significant challenges. Accordingly, how to make manufacturing enterprises maintain a strong level of resilience andachieve high-quality development haveattracted the attention of scholars and policy makers. However, as the pillar of the economy, manufacturing enterprises are facing the problems of overcapacity, lack of innovation and being divorced from reality and are at the bottom of the “smile curve”, which seriously hinders the innovative behavior and high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises. At the same time, the resource-based view believes that enterprise resources can be integrated and transformed into competitive advantages through improving innovation capability and enterprises' resource utilization level. Therefore, the reasonable allocation of resources is vital for the high-quality development and technological progress of manufacturing enterprises.#br#According to the dynamic capability theory, organizational resilience is the dynamic ability required by enterprises to integrate, establish and reconfigure internal and external competencies to adapt to the changing environment. Scholars at home and abroad believe that organizational resilience significantly enhances organizational performance and digital capabilities. Digital innovation is the pivot in innovation-driven strategy. However, it is difficult for a large number of transformations to produce the desired results in a short time due to complex practical problems such as lack of experience and the high cost of transformation. Whether digital transformation is conducive to the healthy development of manufacturing enterprises is also a topic that scholars have been discussing about. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the path in which technological innovation affects the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises by analyzing the mediating role of organizational resilience and the moderating role of digital transformation.In addition, this study also discusses whether the improvement of resource allocation affects the relationship between technological innovation and the development of manufacturing enterprises.#br#This study collects the panel data of manufacturing firms from 2010 to 2021, with a total of 5 280 samples. The analysis of mediating effect, moderating effect and regression models are made to test the research hypotheses. The results show that technological innovation significantly contributes to the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises and can significantly improve enterprises organizational resilience. Organizational resilience plays a partially mediating role in the relationship between technological innovation and the high-quality development of enterprises.The improvement of resource allocation positively moderates the relationship between technological innovation and high-quality development of enterprises, and digital transformation of enterprise positively moderates the relationship between technological innovation and organizational resilience.#br#In terms of theoretical contributions, this study first extends the application of dynamic capability theory and examines the antecedent variables of organizational resilience. It clarifies the possible mechanism of the formation of organizational resilience, and takes organizational resilience as a mediating variable between technological innovation and the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises, providing a new perspective for the research on the relationship between technological innovation and the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises. Second, this study focuses on manufacturing enterprises,and provides incremental evidence for the empirical analysis of technological innovation to promote the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises. Finally,the improvement of resource allocation and digital transformation are incorporated into the research framework to explore the boundary conditions of resource allocation and digital transformation for the improvement of high-quality development and resilience of enterprises, and then countermeasures and references are provided for manufacturing enterprises to reasonably allocate resources and promote high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 81-92 [Abstract] ( 363 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1299KB] ( 861 )
Knowledge Science and Knowledge Engineering
93 The Influence of Knowledge Search on the Enterprise Technology Innovation Process：The Moderating Effect of Linking Intensity
Feng Lijie,Li Qianqian,Wang Jinfeng,Zhang Ke
It has become an important measure for enterprises to keep improving the ability of technological innovation by actively carrying out external knowledge search activities, and maximizing the use of external resources to make up for the lack of internal innovation resources. Current research mostly focuses on the static, results-oriented exploration from a vertical perspective, with little attention paid to the continuous and dynamic characteristics of the continuous evolution of innovation activities, and there is a lack of a horizontal analysis of the innovation process. Furthermore, the establishment of network relationships is a complex interactive process whose strength directly affects the way and efficiency of knowledge transfer between organizations, and it is a key factor to explore the relationship between knowledge search and technological innovation so as to avoid innovation risks. Therefore, an analysis of the influence mechanism of knowledge search on the technological innovation process under different coupling intensities is helpful to guide enterprises in carrying out technological innovation activities against the backdrop of open innovation. #br#Therefore, this paper makes a systematic review of the connotation characteristics, dimension division and interaction relationship of knowledge search, innovation process and network connection. On this basis, a conceptual model of the technological innovation process of "knowledge traceability—knowledge transformation—knowledge utilization" is constructed from the perspective of knowledge evolution. Then, it explores the differential effect of multidimensional knowledge search on each stage of technological innovation process and the moderating effect of network connection strength on the above relationship. A series of research hypotheses are proposed. The study conducts a questionnaire survey of 583 high-tech enterprises in central China, and the collected questionnaire data is statistically analyzed by the multiple regression analysis method.#br#According to the empirical results, it is concluded that (1) the width-search strategy has a significant positive effect on the innovation effect in the three stages of technological innovation: knowledge tracing, knowledge transformation and knowledge utilization. In addition, when the knowledge search width changes to a certain extent, the innovation effect in the knowledge tracing stage is affected by it to the greatest degree, and the innovation effect in the knowledge transformation stage is affected by it to the least degree. (2) There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the deep search strategy and the innovation effect in the knowledge tracing and knowledge conversion stages of technological innovation. Knowledge search depth is helpful to deepen cognition and understanding of the limited knowledge bundle, but once the search depth reaches a specific threshold, it will have a negative impact on the technological innovation of the enterprise. (3) The connection strength negatively moderates the influence of knowledge search width on the innovation effect of knowledge traceability, knowledge transformation and knowledge utilization stages and positively moderates the relationship between knowledge search depth and the innovation effect of knowledge traceability and knowledge transformation stages. The combination of weak connection-width search and strong connection-depth search can promote the development of enterprise innovation activities.#br#In practice, enterprises should focus on the matching effect between knowledge search strategy, technological innovation process and network connection strength, and follow the contingency principle to carry out dynamic management; it is also essential to maintain the search depth at a reasonable level, adhere to the independent mastery of core technologies, and not over-rely on external knowledge sources to avoid going too far. In addition, There is a certain tension between different dimensions of knowledge search. Enterprises should focus on the differential efficiency and synergistic effect of each dimension of knowledge search, maintain the dynamic balance of supply and demand, and avoid the stereotypical mechanized thinking that affects the output of innovation achievements.#br#By focusing on the differentiated effectiveness of different dimensions of knowledge search in each stage of technological innovation and considering the compatibility of the strength of relationship connection with the width and depth of search by context, this study provides implications for enterprises to establish the matching combination of "connection relation-search strategy-innovation process" in innovation practice.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 93-102 [Abstract] ( 132 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1302KB] ( 135 )
103 The Impact of the Breadth and Depth of Knowledge on the Creative Changes of Key Developers in Merged Companies
Feng Tao,Kong Zhi,Wang Chengjun,Sun Xiaoming
As an indispensable catalyst for the technological development of enterprises, technology M&A is an important means for enterprises to improve their innovation capabilities. It can bring complementary innovation resources to enterprises and promote their improvement of innovation performance. However, it is often difficult for merged companies to achieve their expected goals. The academic community has carried out discussions from multiple perspectives to explain the dilemma. Most of them explore if the success of mergers and acquisitions lies in the retention or improvement of technological innovation capabilities of the acquired companies.#br#Existing research shows that companies often rely on key developers to achieve technological innovation, and the changes in the working environment between organizations brought about by technology mergers and acquisitions will have a huge impact on the working environment of key developers in target companies, resulting in creativity decline of key developers. This will undoubtedly increase the risk of technology mergers and acquisitions. At the same time, some scholars have found that knowledge base, as an important part of network content, is the main factor affecting the creativity of developers, and the breadth and depth of knowledge can positively promote the creativity of developers. However, the breadth and depth of knowledge at different stages may have different effects on creativity, and the stage characteristics of developers should be considered when conducting relevant research. In this context, it is of great significance to analyze how the breadth and depth of knowledge exert different effects on the creativity of key developers in the merged companies based on the two-stage R&D career of developers.#br#This paper focuses on the key developers of the acquired companies, and analyzes the influence of the breadth and depth of knowledge on the creativity of key developers in the merger when technology mergers and acquisitions occur at different stages of the key developers' R&D career from the acquired companies. The purpose is to explore the following two questions. Will the individual knowledge attributes of developers have an impact on the creativity of developers when technological mergers and acquisitions bring about environmental changes? How do the stage characteristics of developers act on the influence of individual knowledge attributes on creativity during technology mergers and acquisitions? By answering the above questions, it will help to analyze the change mechanism of the creativity of the key developers of the acquired companies in the process of technology mergers and acquisitions, and provide reference for the active M&A enterprises to optimize the decision-making before M&A and improve the innovation performance after M&A.#br#The M&A samples are from the ISI Emerging Market Deal database and Zephyr's global M&A deal analysis database.This paper selects the initial data of 50 target companies in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. All the invention and utility model patent data of these 50 target companies from 2000 to 2020 is downloaded from the China Intellectual Property Office. At the same time,the paper screens the key developers with reference to Ernst (the dual-indicator method of patent quantity and quality). Moreover,it uses the relevant patent data three years before and three years after the acquisition to construct the innovation cooperation network of key R&D personnel of the target enterprise to calculate the corresponding indicators for analysis. #br#The results show that when mergers and acquisitions occur in the rising stage of the R&D career of the key developers of the target enterprise, the knowledge breadth of key developers has a negative impact on the changes in the creativity of key developers, and the depth of knowledge of key developers has a positive effect on the creativity changes of key developers. When the merger occurs in the declining stage of the R&D career of the key developers of the target company, the knowledge breadth of the key developers has a positive impact on the creativity changes of the key developers.#br#In this study, only network indicators such as structural holes are added to the analysis as control variables, but the impact of network structure on the changes in the creativity of key developers in target companies in technology mergers and acquisitions is not discussed in depth. Moreover, there are many factors influencing the creativity of key developers, and this study chooses the perspective of individual attributes, leaving other aspects untouched. These deficiencies require further research.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 103-112 [Abstract] ( 133 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1274KB] ( 337 )
113 Research on the Impact of Knowledge Cross-Border Searching on Enterprises' Iterative Innovation in Digital context: The Moderating Roles of Relational Embeddedness and Government Support Policies
Zhou Huiping,Yao Yanhong
In the new era of digital economy, more and more companies have taken advantage of digital platforms to actively interact with customers to collect their feedback, iteratively upgrade and improve products. It has become an important path by acquiring and combining different areas of knowledge across organizational boundaries for firms' innovation success. #br#The existing literature mainly emphasizes the important role of heterogeneous knowledge acquisition and possession in the growth of enterprises and the construction of core competitiveness. But it fails to meet the needs of quickly identifying and repeatedly editing the knowledge elements required for enterprises from massive knowledge sources in the digital age. The resource arrangement theory puts forward that the dynamic process of creating sustainable competitive advantage for organizations by effectively arranging resources to realize the rational allocation of internal and external resources. From the perspective of resource arrangement, this paper defines two dimensions of knowledge cross-boundary searching: domain knowledge searching and architecture knowledge searching. Then, this paper aims to explore the different mechanism of knowledge coupling affects firm's iterative innovation, it also tries to verify the moderating effects of relationship embedding and government support policies on knowledge coupling- iterative innovation relationship.#br#This study collects data by means of on-site and online questionnaires . The samples are mainly from Hunan, Sichuan, Guangdong and Liaoning, involving six high-tech industries with knowledge intensive characteristics, such as machinery manufacturing, electronic information technology and biomedicine. Considering the subjects' understanding and familiarity with enterprise innovation activities, the respondents are mainly middle and senior managers and other comprehensive executives in technology R & D, production and manufacturing departments who have worked in the enterprise for a long time, as well as some core employees (such as technical backbone).Based on the empirical analysis of 262 high-tech enterprises from China, the empirical results are as follows. (1) Domain knowledge searching has a inverted U-shaped impact on firm's iterative innovation, while architecture knowledge searching has a positive influence on iterative innovation. (2) Relational embeddedness positively moderates the relationship between domain knowledge searching and iterative innovation. (3) The matching of government support policies and knowledge searching types can promote the result of firm's iterative innovation. Specifically, theperformance is that when firms implement domain knowledge searching strategies, the government adopts fiscal and tax support policies to be more conducive to firm's iterative innovation; when enterprises adopt architecture knowledge searching strategies, the government can conduct innovation environment support policies to promote firm's iterative innovation. #br#This paper focuses on the differentiated effect of knowledge cross-border searching on enterprise's iterative innovation from the perspective of resource arrangement, and provides new insights for the cross-study of knowledge management and innovation strategy. In addition, this paper also puts forward a new view that the matching of knowledge search activities with government support policies is conducive to stimulating iterative innovation, which provides a fresh perspective for the research of government policies and enterprise innovation.#br#The design of this study also has some limitations, which provides a direction for future research. Firstly, the important role of knowledge search in enterprise innovation has been widely recognized by scholars. Future research can try to explore the impact of knowledge search ondisruptive enterprise innovation. The ability of enterprises to use heterogeneous knowledge elements can provide new opportunities for them to subvert the existing technology trajectory to a certain extent. Therefore, researchers can explore whether the interaction of knowledge elements in different technical fields can promote enterprises to make profits in the process of technological disruptive innovation. Secondly, although the common variance problem is not serious in this paper, In future research, different personnel familiar with the enterprise can fill in different parts of the questionnaire to ensure the objectivity of the research data.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 113-122 [Abstract] ( 158 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1342KB] ( 204 )
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
123 Research on Standardizing Local Talent Reward and Supplement Policies from the Perspective of Fiscal and Taxation Law
Jin Chao
In recent years, many local governments in China have introduced various talent award and subsidy policies successively in the war for talents.By sorting out the status quo of local government talent award and subsidy policies, it is found that first, there are a large number of local government talent award and subsidy policies, but the legal validity of the policies is low, which leads to intensified competition for talent. Second, there are various forms of local talent award and subsidy policies, but the boundary of talent award and subsidy is blurred, resulting in unclear status in taxation law. Third, local talent awards and subsidies are relatively rich, and the effect is significant, but local governments may abuse public property rights. Talent awards and subsidies directly involve the financial expenditures of local governments, but there are few studies on regulating local talent awards and subsidies from the perspective of fiscal and taxation laws, and this is what this study attempts to do.#br#The article further investigates the legality, justifiability and effectiveness of the local talent award and subsidy policies by using the theoretical tools of fiscal and taxation laws, including statutory fiscal and taxation, fiscal and tax neutrality, and public property rights. First, talent awards and subsidies of local governments should be examined for taxability when they are considered as personal income, andfor democracy when they are used as fiscal expenditures. However, at present, some local talent award and subsidy policies violate the taxation laws. At the same time, the lack of a separate budget account for talent awards and subsidies will not only reduce the transparency of huge talent awards and subsidies, but also weaken the democratic of talent awards and subsidies standard adjustment. Second, the local talent award and subsidy policies fail to achieve fiscal and tax neutrality effectively. Although some local talent award and subsidy policies conform to formal legitimacy, they not only fail to correct the uneven allocation of talent resources, but also fail to comply with the principle of proportionality with justified purposes, appropriate means and local conditions, thus lacking justifiability. Third, in the implementation of the local talent award and subsidy policies, the local government's public property rights have not been effectively regulated. The rights and interests of taxpayers have not been effectively protected, the powers and expenditure responsibilities of local talent awards and subsidies have not been adapted effectively, and the talent awards and subsidies have not been recovered effectively. As a result, local talent award and subsidy policies have failed to attract and retain talent effectively.#br#Local talent award and subsidy policies should be legal, justified and effective. First, local talent awards and subsidies should follow the laws of fiscal and taxation. In the future, a separate budget account should be set up to reflect the expenditure on talent awards and subsidies. The update of the talent award and subsidy policy should also be subject to democratic examination through budget adjustment. National legal documents should be formulated quickly to standardize local talent award and subsidy policies. Talent awards and subsidies have different meanings in taxation law, and they need to be reasonably distinguished and taxed legally. Second, local talent awards and subsidies should reflect the neutrality of fiscal and taxation. Local talent awards and subsidies should be included in the law as financial expenditures. With the help of fiscal transfer payments, underdeveloped regions are encouraged to formulate more favorable incentive and subsidy policies. The formulation of the talent award and subsidy policy should follow the principle of proportionality, so as to achieve the justifiable purpose of award and subsidy, appropriate means and local conditions. Third, local talent awards and subsidies should be implemented in public property. In the future, China needs to establish a taxpayer litigation system. On the one hand, it rationally divides the powers of governments at all levels in talent awards and subsidies. On the other hand, it avoids aggravating lower-level fiscal expenditure responsibilities. It is necessary to supervise the distribution of awards and subsidies effectively , and establish a performance evaluation system for awards and subsidies. When the purpose of the talent award and compensation policy cannot be achieved or issued correctly, it is also necessary to emphasize the government's obligation to recover talent awards and subsidies. To standardize the talent award and subsidy policies of local governments, it is important to move towards a system of smooth flow of talents by following the fiscal and taxation law.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 123-130 [Abstract] ( 178 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1210KB] ( 184 )
131 Influence of Platform Leadership on Employees' Deviant Innovation Behavior: The Role of Felt Obligation and Team Motivational Climate
Zhu Yongyue,Shi Rui,Ouyang Chenhui
Innovation is of great significance to the development of an organization, and as the main body of organizational innovation, employees are an important driving force to enhance enterprise competitiveness and promote their innovation. Because of the risks of innovation behavior and the limited organizational resources, some employees' innovative ideas cannot be formally supported by the organization. In order to improve the interests of the organization, some employees will spontaneously and secretly make innovation, which is called deviant innovation. Deviant innovation is an effective way for employees to carry out innovation, and it is of great significance for promoting organizational innovation and development. Therefore, employees' deviant innovation behaviors that have not been fully explored need to be highly valued.#br#Existing research results on the antecedents of employees' deviant innovation are abundant, such as management process, organizational atmosphere, organizational resources at the organizational level, individual characteristics and work characteristics at the individual level, as well as leadership styles and leadership behaviors at the leadership level. With the development of "decentralization" and "de-leadership" in organizations and the rise of knowledge workers, platform leadership comes into being. Different from traditional statements, platform leadership, as a new style of leadership, is not centralization-oriented, but rather builds and optimizes a platform for employees to stimulate their potentiality and mobilize their enthusiasm for innovation, and ultimately achieve a win-win situation for both leaders and employees. Platform leadership provides employees with rich material conditions and psychological capital, and it pays attention to the cultivation of employees' sense of responsibility and spirit of innovation, and can effectively stimulate employees' innovative behavior. At present, there are few studies on the mechanism of platform leadership on employees' deviant innovation behavior. Following the social exchange theory and social information processing theory, this study takes the employees in high-tech enterprises as the research object, builds a mediating model of the effect of platform leadership on employees' deviant innovation behavior through felt obligation, and introduces team motivational climate as a moderating variable to explore the mechanism and boundary effect of platform leadership on employees' deviant innovation behavior.#br#The data is collected in the form of electronic questionnaires and distributed questionnaires in Guangdong, Beijing, Jiangsu, Henan, Hubei and other places with respondents of employees from pharmaceutical manufacturing, electronic and communication equipment manufacturing, medical equipment and instrumentation manufacturing and other high-tech enterprises. After screening and eliminating invalid data, 1 015 valid samples are obtained for regression analysis and hypothesis testing by SPSS, Amos,etc. The empirical analysis results show that firstly platform leadership has a positive impact on employees' deviant innovation behavior; secondly felt obligation plays a partial mediating role between platform leadership and employees' deviant innovation behavior; lastly team motivational climate not only plays a moderating role in the relationship between platform leadership and felt obligation, but also has a significant moderating effect on the mediating role of felt obligation.#br#Through the theoretical derivation and empirical analysis, this paper analyzes the specific mechanism of platform leadership on employees' deviant innovation behavior. The results have enriched and deepened the research in related fields, and have certain theoretical innovation and practical significance. First, in the Chinese context, this study further verifies that leadership style is an important factor affecting employees' deviant innovation, and enriches the theoretical research on the antecedents of employees' deviant innovation behavior. Second, based on the logic of social exchange theory, this study confirms that felt obligation is the mediating factor in platform leadership to stimulate employees' deviant innovation behavior, reveals the internal mechanism by which platform leadership positively influences employees' deviant innovation behavior, and makes up for the deficiency of existing literature on the relationship between platform leadership and employees' deviant innovation behavior. Third, the team motivational climate is introduced as a moderating variable to clarify the boundary conditions of the influence of platform leadership on employees' deviant innovation behavior. Finally it puts forward the suggestions on how to stimulate employees' deviant innovation behavior, and provides practical guiding significance for enterprises to improve the human resource management mechanism.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 131-140 [Abstract] ( 179 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1328KB] ( 355 )
141 The Influence of Humorous Leadership on Employees' Deviant Innovation: A Moderated Dual Mediation Model
Huang Dujuan,Sun Tao,Ding Xue,Zhu Tongqing
In order to shore up the dual-cycle development architecture, China has put forward more urgent requirements for accelerating scientific and technological innovation. Innovation is the first power to enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises, but in the pursuit of innovation and development, there will gradually be structural tension in resources, and only a small number of ideas are allowed to be put into practice. In this context, some employees tend to ignore the resource constraints and risks, and engage in deviant innovation behaviors, such as independent or informal innovation with the aim to bring revolutionary innovation to the enterprises. Deviant innovation has become a research hotspot for its potential for realizing innovative technological advancement and profits. Deviant innovation is a key creative activity for employees. In terms of its mechanism, scholars mostly focus on transformational leadership, ethical leadership and other types of leadership , but humorous leadershipis rarely involved. How it triggers deviant innovation is a key issue worthy of in-depth study. Therefore, this study starts from both cognitive and emotional perspectives. It constructs a moderated dual mediation model based on cognitive-affective personality system theory and social information processing theory to explore the mechanism and boundary conditions of humorous leadership on employees' deviant innovation. This study attempts to answer the following questions: (1) how does humorous leadership affect employees' deviant innovation? (2) how do innovative self-efficacy and constructive responsibility perception play a mediating role? (3) what is the moderating role of perceived human resource management strength? #br#In this study, 449 valid questionnaires are collected for the empirical analysis which applies SPSS26 and AMOS22 softwares. The results show that first, leaders with a friendly sense of humor promote employees' deviant innovation, leaders with an aggressive sense of humor inhibits employees from deviant innovation; second, innovative self-efficacy and constructive responsibility perception play a mediating role in the relationship between friendly/aggressive humor leadership and employees' deviant innovation; third, perceived human resource management intensity plays a positive role in moderating the relationship between friendly and humorous leadership and employees' sense of innovative self-efficacy and constructive responsibility, whereas it has negative moderation of the relationship between aggressive humor leadership and employees' innovative self-efficacy and constructive responsibility perception, that is, the higher the perceived intensity of human resource management, the more friendly and humorous leaders can be to promote the generation of employees' sense of innovative self-efficacy and constructive responsibility, the weaker the inhibitory effect of aggressive and humorous leadership is on employees' sense of innovative self-efficacy and constructive responsibility.#br#This study has the following three innovations. First of all, it integrates the positive and negative aspects of humorous leadership at the same time, and makes a more comprehensive and deeper exploration of the leadership factors in the trigger mechanism of deviant innovation; secondly, by combining the factors of cognition and emotion, it explains the mechanism and process of humorous leadership on employees' deviant innovation from a new perspective; finally,it provides a new boundary condition for the relationship between leadership behavior and employees' psychological state and deviant innovation behavior based on the implementation process of the organization's human resources management policy. In summary, the study deepens the understanding of humorous leaders on the internal mechanism of employees' deviance and innovation, enriches the effectiveness studies of perceived human resource management strength and provides theoretical inspiration and practical guidance for managers to correctly deal with employees' deviant innovative behaviors.#br#Future research can conduct cross-level analysis from the organizational and individual levels to expand the research on deviant innovation. With respect to the data collection, future studies data can be collected at three time points, or empirical research can be conducted using longitudinal data and combined with experimental methods to further reduce the possibility of common methodological bias. In addition, this study uses perceived human resource management intensity as a moderating variable to explain the moderating role of its rational factors between humorous leadership and innovative self-efficacy, humorous leadership and constructive responsibility perception. In the future, other rational factors can be exploited to further explore the boundary conditions.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 141-151 [Abstract] ( 200 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1376KB] ( 907 )
Review
152 Regional Innovation Ecosystem: Knowledge Base and Theoretical Framework
Yang Boxu,Liu Xielin,Ji Xiaohui
Innovation is the driving force for social development, and regional innovation serves as a crucial foundation for national innovation development. The characteristics and theoretical development of regional innovation contain typical features of their respective historical periods. The research paradigm of regional innovation has experienced three stages. Since the industrial revolution, Marshall was the first to analyze regional economic and innovation development from the perspective of industrial spatial agglomeration. Then the new economic geography further provided theoretical support for industrial agglomeration through the assumption of increasing returns to scale and imperfect competition; later, the cooperative relationships among different subjects in the region became the focus of the regional innovation network theory. Subsequently, with the integration of economic thinking into the policy field, the concept of the national innovation system was proposed with an emphasis on the use of systemic thinking to analyze the interactive relationships among innovation subjects, such as government, universities, and enterprises in an institutional environment. Inspired by the rise of high-tech industries in Silicon Valley, the US government proposed the concept of the regional innovation ecosystem with the emphasis on the interactive relationship and dynamic evolution between different subjects in the region.#br#However, there is still insufficientresearch on the theoretical models and main characteristics of the regional innovation ecosystem concept. Firstly, there is a lack of a systematic review of the theoretical evolution of the regional innovation ecosystem that was originated from policy practice, which leads to insufficient theoretical foundations for some regional innovation ecosystems. Secondly, a complete theoretical framework for the regional innovation ecosystem has not yet been formed, and there is no academic consensus on the concept and characteristics of the regional innovation ecosystem. Thirdly, the policy implications of the regional innovation ecosystem await further exploration.#br#This study starts with the knowledge base of the regional innovation ecosystem to propose a conceptual framework for the regional innovation ecosystem, analyzes the main characteristics and theoretical boundaries of the regional innovation ecosystem, and strengthens the theoretical foundation of the regional innovation ecosystem. Firstly, the theory of the regional innovation ecosystem gradually evolved from the theoretical foundations of industrial agglomeration, regional innovation networks and regional innovation systems. Its direct source is American innovation practice. Secondly, on the basis of the theoretical foundations of the regional innovation system and the ecosystem, the study constructs a conceptual model of the regional innovation ecosystem that focuses on the three core communities of research, development and application, emphasizing the interactive relationships among innovative subjects and their material energy exchange with the environment. Thirdly,as a result of the dynamic evolutionary process, the regional innovation ecosystem presents four main characteristics: proximity, diversity, self-organization and openness. Finally, the policy implications for constructing and improving the regional innovation ecosystem are presented fromthe perspectives of ecological advantages, innovative population, innovation environment and digital innovation.#br#The marginal contributions of this study are as follows. This paper first offers a systematic review of the knowledge base and evolutionary process of the regional innovation ecosystem, which advances the understanding and appreciation of its theoretical implications. Second, this paper develops a theoretical framework for the regional innovation ecosystem, providing a theoretical basis for researching regional innovation ecosystems. It begins with the self-organizing system of shared value propositions in the regional innovation ecosystem, constructs a conceptual framework, and summarizes four characteristics of the regional innovation ecosystem, i.e., proximity, diversity, self-organization and openness, with proximity distinguishing the ecosystem from others. Third, this paper explores the policy implications of the regional innovation ecosystem, and emphasizes the need for stakeholders to understand the evolutionary stage and regional characteristics of the regional innovation ecosystem in the policy-making process. The local governments are expected to follow the self-organizing evolution laws of regional innovation ecosystems , reduce government intervention and construct distinctive regional innovation ecosystems to achieve differentiated competition patterns according to the regional resource endowments, industrial structure and cultural heritage.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (13): 152-160 [Abstract] ( 304 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1403KB] ( 474 )
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