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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
2020 Vol.37 Issue.15
Published 2020-08-10
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
Regional Scientific Development
Industrial Technological Progress
Enterprise Innovation Management
Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
Talent and Education
Review
Knowledge Science and Knowledge Engineering
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
1
One-step to the Position or Step by Step, Which Capital Strategy Stimulates Innovation More
Yang Songling,Shi Qianqian,Liu Tingli
This paper study the influence of capital strategy choice on innovation input, based on the research framework of multi-level capital market. By comparing the differences of innovation input brought by the implementation of two different capital strategies, the first is to implement the one-step capital strategy, and the other is to implement the one-step capital strategy, and it is found that the listed companies with step by step capital strategy based on the growth of multi-level capital market have higher innovation input. On this basis, this paper also explores regulatory role of the internal decision-making mechanism, capital market medium level, and macroeconomic policy it is found that capital strategy improves the intensity of R&D expenditure and capitalization by easing the constraints of investment and financing. At the medium level, the attention of analysts plays a moderating role. The higher the attention of analysts, the higher the capitalization intensity of R&D of listed companies implementing step-by-step capital strategy. Moreover, the uncertainty of external economic policy will reduce the innovation input of enterprises, thus resulting in crowding-out effect. However, the crowding-out effect is alleviated in the listed companies implementing the step-by-step capital strategy. The conclusion of this paper has certain enlightenment significance for innovative enterprises to better use the capital market to help their own development.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 1-10 [
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Research on High-end Disruptive Innovation Model Through Cross-industrial
Ming Xing,Hu Lijun ,Wang Yimin
Christensen's disruptive innovation theory aims to explain the disruptive phenomenon that why many enterprises with strong technological innovation ability decline.However, the existing theory of disruptive innovation holds that disruptive innovation is low-end, so that it is difficult to explain the high-end disruptive phenomena, such as smart phones and SSDs.Based on the case study of the high-end disruptive of SSD to HDD, this paper holds that:① a technological innovation that make the market position change of the industry should be considered as disruptive innovation, rather than whether the technology innovation is low-end;②the existing theory suppose that the disruptive technology comes from the inside of the industry, ignoring the industry relativity of technological innovation;③large enterprises in external industries disrupt the original industry through external technology, which is often manifested as high-end disruption.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 11-17 [
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A Study on the Evolution Process and Evolution Route of Rural Science and Technology Poverty Alleviation of China in 71 Years
Zhang Huaquan
Since the founding of the people's Republic of China 71 years ago,China's rural science and technology poverty alleviation tools,models and systems have been continuously innovated and evolved,contributing due "science and technology" strength to the poverty alleviation and development work in different historical periods of China,and has initially formed a relatively complete rural science and technology poverty alleviation service system.Based on the relevant principles of Technical Sociology and institutional economics,this paper systematically expounds and analyzes the historical context,characteristics of the times and the evolutionary approach of rural science and technology poverty alleviation in China.It can be found that its changes have gone through the stages of "opening exploration-institutional breakthrough-functional expansion-mechanism coupling-Connotation Development-ecological integration" and followed the "single supply subject to multiple supply" The evolution track of "the transformation of subject,the transformation of extensive promotion mode to connotation promotion mode,the transformation of supply-oriented to demand-oriented,and the transformation of point and line aiming to ecological integration".On this basis,it puts forward relevant suggestions on how to form a long-term mechanism of rural science and technology poverty alleviation in the new era.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 18-27 [
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Regional Scientific Development
28
Research on Regional Emission Reduction Potential under Carbon Trading Policy
Sun Zhenqing,Li Huanhuan ,Liu Baoliu
Accelerating industrial restructuring and technological innovation plays an important role in giving full play to the carbon emission reduction potential of carbon trading policy regions. Based on China's 30 provinces panel data from 2005 to 2017, first DID and PSM-DID method is used to evaluate carbon trading policy impact on carbon emissions and carbon intensity, secondly the SFA model, on the basis of measuring efficiency of technological innovation, from the fundamentals, rationalization of industrial structure and technological innovation efficiency two aspects to explore the mechanism of action of carbon trading policy, at the same time, using fixed effect model verified by area. The results show that carbon trading policy plays a role in promoting cooperative emission reduction in pilot and non-pilot areas. In regions with different levels of economic development, from the east to the middle to the west, the carbon emission reduction effect of carbon trading policies gradually weakens. In the adjustment of industrial structure, the higher level of industrial structure benefits more from the carbon trading policy. The rationalization effect of industrial structure is weak, and the improvement effect of technological innovation efficiency is also obvious. Based on this, relevant policy Suggestions are put forward from the aspects of improving the construction of carbon market, formulating differentiated policies, paying attention to the adjustment of industrial structure and collaborative emission reduction through technological innovation, so as to promote regional green and high-quality development.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 28-35 [
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Efficiency of China's Regional Innovation System under Water Ecological Security Research on Time and Space Differentiation and Influencing Factors
Xia Haili,Ye Aishan
Innovative system efficiency measure and regional difference structural cause analysis are carried out by considering the undesired output super-efficiency EBM model and Theil index decomposition method, and the Tobit model is used to test the path and intensity estimation of typical influencing factors. The research shows that the efficiency of innovation system under water ecological security presents a stepwise distribution in the east, northeast, central and western regions, and shows a differentiated development trend. Regional differences and differences in the eastern and western regions are the key factors affecting the overall difference. Variable economic development level, industrial structure, education level, urbanization, foreign direct investment, and technological progress have different degrees of promotion of innovation system efficiency, while water resources endowment and openness have a negative effect on it. Based on this, the article proposes relevant countermeasures and suggestions to improve the efficiency of regional innovation systems under water ecological security.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 36-43 [
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Industrial Technological Progress
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Research on the Evolution of the Coupling Relationship between High-Tech Industry Agglomeration Degree and Ecological Environment
Wang Ting,Wang Haitian
High-tech industrial agglomeration and ecological environment interaction to achieve coordinated and sustainable development needs to be promoted.Based on the analysis of the coupling mechanism between high-tech industry agglomeration and ecological environment system,this paper uses the coupling coordination degree model and spatial autocorrelation methods to measure and analyze the coupling coordination degree between high-tech industry agglomeration and ecological environment and its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2017.The results show that: First,the degree of coupling coordination between high-tech industrial agglomeration and ecological environment has been improved steadily,but there are regional differences.Second,the coupling coordination level needs to be improved.Most of the regions have experienced three types of coupling coordination: the lag of high-tech industry agglomeration development,the convergence of high-tech industries and the simultaneous development of ecological environment,and the lag of ecological environment development.Third,areas with similar coupling coordination tend to be concentrated in space,and hotspots migrate from coastal to inland.Finally,suggestions are put forward from three aspects: fostering the concept of coordinated development,establishing dynamic monitoring system and strengthening regional cooperation and communication.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 44-53 [
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Research on the Innovation Driving Effect of Industrial Structure Upgrading
Li Honghan,He Ning,Wang Cunhua,Yang Mao
Based on the 2008-2017 Chinese provincial panel data, the regression analysis of the technological innovation and institutional innovation driving effect of industrial structure upgrading was carried out. The empirical results show that there is a negative correlation between technological innovation and institutional innovation and industrial structure rationalization, that is, technological innovation and institutional innovation are not conducive to the rationalization of industrial structure; and technological innovation and institutional innovation are positively correlated with the advanced industrial structure. That is to say, technological innovation and institutional innovation have positively promoted the industrial structure. At the same time, the interaction between technological innovation and institutional innovation has a significant negative impact on the industrial structure, that is, the degree of matching between technological innovation and institutional innovation is low. The advancedization of the industrial structure has created a hindrance.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 54-61 [
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Enterprise Innovation Management
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Organizational Flexibility of Manufacturing Enterprises, Dynamic Service Innovation Capability and Service Innovation Performance
Zhao Xiaoyu,Gao Yunfei,Sun Mengdi
With the deepening of service transformation of manufacturing industry, service becomes the core element of value exchange, the focus of R&D work of enterprises extends from product innovation to service innovation. Under the background of service innovation, the connotation of market demand, key resources and innovation mode has changed fundamentally, which urges enterprises to improve their adaptability to meet challenges. However, the research on this topic is not sufficient. This paper analyzes and verifies the impact of organizational flexibility of manufacturing enterprises on dynamic service innovation capability and service innovation performance. From the perspective of supporting service innovation, organizational flexibility is divided into organizational culture flexibility, organizational structure flexibility and human resource flexibility, and the mechanism of organizational flexibility to promote service innovation performance by improving the dynamic service innovation capability of enterprises (including service demand sensing capability, service solution development capability and service system reconfiguration capability) is analyzed, then a theoretical model is formulated to reflect the above relationship between concepts. Taking organizational market (B2B) as the research background, data is collected from managers of manufacturing enterprises to test the theoretical model. The results show that organizational flexibility has a positive effect on service innovation performance, and dynamic service innovation capability and market turbulence play an mediating and moderating role in the relationship between them respectively. Finally, some suggestions are put forward on how to enhance organizational flexibility, promote dynamic service innovation capability, and improve service innovation performance.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 62-69 [
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Research on the Relationship between Dual Innovation and Sustainable Development of Enterprises under Dynamic and Competitive Environment
Peng Can,Li Ruixue,Yang Hong,Yu Peng
How to achieve sustainable development through innovative activities is one of the important theoretical and practical issues that both academia and business circles pay close attention to.Based on innovation management theory, sustainable development theory and situational factor theory, this study takes environmental dynamics and competitiveness as moderating variables, and explores the impact of dual innovation and its synergy on sustainable development of enterprises.empirical research on 328 enterprises in the eastern coastal areas of China shows that: exploitative innovation, exploratory innovation and dualistic innovation synergy have significant positive effects on sustainable development of enterprises, but the mechanism of action is different for each dimension of sustainable development of enterprises;in the dynamic and competitive environment, the impact of exploratory innovation on the sustainable development of enterprises is more significant.Both environmental dynamics and environmental competitiveness positively regulate the relationship between exploratory innovation and sustainable development of enterprises; environmental dynamics negatively regulates the relationship between dualistic innovation synergy and sustainable development of enterprises.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 70-79 [
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How Alliance Choice Affects Innovation Performance
Li Xin,Yang Jiaoping
The paper takes high-tech listed companies in Shenzhen and Shanghai stock exchanges from 2012 to 2018 as the research objects, and adopts the research methods of network analysis, regression analysis and mean comparison, etc.. This paper mainly discusses whether the mode of enterprise participating in equity or contractual technology innovation alliance will have an impact on the innovation performance of enterprises, and compares whether there are differences in the two kinds of alliance on the innovation performance of enterprises, analyze the relationship between technology innovation alliance mode, structure hole and enterprise innovation performance.The conclusions:the participation in any kind of technological innovation alliance improves enterprise innovation performance. Compared with equity technology innovation alliance, enterprise participation in contractual technology innovation alliance can improve innovation performance to a higher degree. The improving of the innovation performance is partly due to the richness of the structural holes occupied by enterprises.Participating in the contractual technology innovation alliance, the enterprise has more structural holes, which is more conducive to the improvement of its innovation performance.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 80-88 [
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Talent and Education
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The Mechanism of Organizational Trust on the Emergence of Authoritarian Leadership in Creative Teams
Zhang Shaofeng,Wang Xiaoyu,Cheng Dejun,Huang Qing
At present, most researches on leadership emergence focus on the personal characteristics of leaders, ignoring the influence of environment and culture on leadership emergence in organizations. Authoritarian Leadership, as a common way of leadership in Chinese enterprises, has made some achievements in the implementation process, but also exposed some shortcomings. It is of practical significance to explore the emergence mechanism of authoritarian leadership. In this study, paired data of 29 project teams of an excellent large cultural enterprise in east China were taken as samples. Through hierarchical regression analysis, the influence mechanism of organizational trust on the emergence of Authoritarian Leadership was discussed from the organizational level. It is found that identity trust can inhibit the emergence of Authoritarian Leadership, while threat to trust can promote the emergence of Authoritarian Leadership. Organizational psychological distance plays an intermediary role between organizational trust and Authoritarian Leadership. The influence of organizational trust on organizational psychological distance is regulated by organizational power distance: when the organizational power distance is high, the enhancing effect of threat trust on organizational psychological distance will be enhanced, while the decreasing effect of identity trust on organizational psychological distance will be weakened.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 89-96 [
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Top Management Team Faultlines and Managerial Ability：the Moderating Effects of Industry Environment
Xie Qing
This paper takes the listed companies on the GEM in China from 2014 to 2016 as the research sample, and empirically examines the direct impact of the top management team faultlines on the managerial ability of the listed companies on the GEM, as well as how the industrial environment has a moderating effect on the relationship between the two. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis show that: under the linear relationship, the social category faultlines and the information-based faultlines have a significant negative impact on managerial ability, but under the stable industrial environment, the social category faultlines and managerial ability have a significant positive impact；Under the non-linear relationship, there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the social category faultlines and managerial ability in the dynamic industrial environment, while there is a U-shaped relationship between the information-based faultlines and managerial ability; under the stable industrial environment, there is a U-shaped relationship between the social category faultlines and managerial ability, while the information-based faultlines and managerial ability have an inverted U-shaped relationship. In theory, the results of this paper expand the research on the factors of managerial ability, increases the discussion on the complex relationship between the economic consequences of the top management team faultlines, and examines the impact of the top management team faultlines on managerial ability in different situations. In practice, the conclusions of this paper provide important empirical evidence and management enlightenment for the construction of top management team, the development of managerial ability, and the choice of new business industries.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 97-106 [
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Knowledge Science and Knowledge Engineering
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The Influence of Knowledge Governance on Collaborative Innovation Performance among High-tech Enterprises
Zheng Shaofang,Tang Fangcheng,Ge An'ru,Liu Ruijian
Knowledge governance is the new stage in the development of knowledge management theory.In the dynamic and complex innovation environment, the research on the relationship between knowledge governance and innovation has become a hot topic of discussion in academy.This paper investigated high-tech enterprises, discussed the impact of knowledge governance on collaborative innovation performance, and studied the mechanism of knowledge transfer and institutional environment with a model of moderated mediator.The results show that both formal knowledge governance and informal knowledge governance have a positive effect on knowledge transfer; Knowledge transfer has a complete mediating effect between the knowledge governance and collaborative innovation performance, that is, the positive effect of knowledge governance on collaborative innovation performance is achieved through knowledge transfer; Institutional environment has a positive moderator role in the process of knowledge transfer effecting on collaborative innovation performance, that is, in the context of good institutional environment, the mediating effect of knowledge transfer is more significant.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 107-115 [
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Network Capability, Knowledge Integration and Business Model Innovation: the Moderating Role of Overconfidence
Yang Gang,Xie Yi,Song Jianmin
As a type of dynamic capability, network capability has become one of the most important factors affecting business model innovation(BMI). Existing studies focus on the process and effect of BMI, while the discussion on its antecedents is relatively insufficient. Based On dynamic capability theory, social network theory and social cognitive theory, the research constructs a theoretical framework refers to network capability and BMI, and discusses the mediating role of knowledge integration and the moderating role of overconfidence. The survey of data analysis about 259 start-ups showed that both external network capability and internal network capability can positively predict BMI, network capability has mediated effect on the relationship between network capability and BMI. Overconfidence has a negative moderated effect on the relationship between capability and knowledge integration. The research provides some theoretical support and practical enlightenment for entrepreneurship, and it is beneficial to manage cognition and achieve the BMI for entrepreneurs or enterprise managers.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 116-125 [
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How to Avoid Organizational Inertia?an Interpretative Framework from the Perspectives of Knowledge and Character
Zhang Yang,Yu Dengke
In the era of economic transition, organizational inertia existing in a large number of enterprises is hindering organizational change and product innovation.From the integrative perspective of knowledge and character, this study constructs a framework to explore the strategies for avoiding organizational inertia.Thus, we construct a structural equation model to explain organizational inertia, by employing knowledge capital and organizational character as antecedent variables, knowledge capability as mediating variable.Furthermore, an empirical analysis is finished based on a sample data with 286 respondents in a survey.The results show that knowledge capital and organizational character do have significant and negative effects on organizational inertia.Knowledge capital and organizational thinking influence organizational inertia through the mediating role of knowledge capability, while organizational instinct and organizational emotion directly affect organizational inertia.The negative effects of knowledge capital and organizational thinking on resource inertia, which are mediated by knowledge capability, are much greater than the ones on routine inertia.On the contrary, the negative effects of organizational instinct and emotion on routine inertia are much greater than the ones on resource inertia.Finally, some enlightenments and suggestions for avoiding organizational inertia are put forward under the framework of intellectual management.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 126-134 [
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Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
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From "No Target" to "Considerations": Research on the Impact of Government Subsidies on Green Innovation from the Perspective of Information Disclosure
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Wang Xu,Yang Youde,Wang Lan
Under the background of green manufacturing development, fiscal and tax subsidies have become an important financing method for smoothing corporate green innovation. Under the condition of research and development information asymmetry, enterprise information disclosure is an antecedent cause of fiscal and tax subsidies to get rid of the "no-target" situation and successfully drive green innovation. This paper takes Chinese listed companies as samples to explore the decision-making dependence of government subsidies on information disclosure in the process of driving green innovation, and reveals the “induction effect” of information disclosure and its dynamic changes. The research shows that government subsidies have a significant role in promoting the green innovation performance of enterprises; information disclosure has an “inductive effect” on government subsidies, and the higher the quality of information disclosure, the more government subsidies are obtained, and the green innovation performance is more prominent. The “induction effect” has a dynamic incremental law. In the long-term enterprises, the “induction effect” of information disclosure is not significant. However, from the maturity period to the metamorphosis period, the promotion effect of information disclosure on government subsidies is increasing. This paper supplements the related research of science and technology finance theory based on the perspective of information disclosure, which can provide a scientific basis for smoothing the green innovation of enterprises and promoting the green development of China's manufacturing industry.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 135-143 [
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Research on Authorization of Artificial Intelligence Participating in Invention
Li Xiang
In the current era of weak artificial intelligence, discussing the issue of artificial intelligence participating in invention should focus on the current human-computer interaction (human-machine collaboration) model, which is divided into two types. The first is the use of AI as a creative tool to accomplish patented technologies in other fields, and the second is the invention itself that contains ai technical solutions. The authorization of artificial intelligence to participate in invention mainly includes subject judgment, object review and evaluation of authorization conditions. The study found that, first, in terms of subject judgment, the prior advantage path has a high degree of practical fit, which is more in line with the construction of a people-oriented legal system. Second, the object review of artificial intelligence participating in inventions should focus on preventing the object attribute dilemma of intelligent algorithms and the conflict of artificial intelligence technology on ethics. Third, the practicability, novelty, and creative judgment of artificial intelligence participation in inventions need to be based on the principles of patent law examination, combined with the characteristics of artificial intelligence technology, to give the examination subject, examination points and other new connotations. The research results highlight the impact of artificial intelligence technology on the existing patent system, which is conducive to optimizing patent examination and management.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 144-151 [
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Review
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Innovation Policy Mix: a Literature Review and Prospects
Ma Wencong,Ye Yangping,Chen Xiude
Innovation policy mix is one of the hot issues in the field of policy research,which has attracted more and more scholars' attention.Through sorting out the relevant domestic and foreign literatures on innovation policy mix,this paper describes the origin and connotation of the concept of policy mix,and makes a statistical analysis of the number and important literature published in the literature on innovation policy mix.On this basis,it further clarifies the development vein and theoretical framework of the innovation policy mix,and analyzes the research status of the innovation policy mix from the dimensions,elements,process and characteristics.Finally,according to the shortages of the existing research,the main directions of future research are proposed,which can provide theoretical basis and knowledge base for further expanding the research in this field.
2020 Vol. 37 (15): 152-160 [
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