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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
2018 Vol.35 Issue.16
Published 2018-08-25
1
Effects of Age Heterogeneity and Expert Power Distance on Ambidexterity Innovation Perfromance: Moderation of Rapport Degree
Explored the effects of top management team characteristics on ambidexterity innovation by using the method of hierarchical regression.As the empirical results of 108 samples show that, both age difference and expert power difference have reversed U shape impacts on ambidexterity innovation.Plus, the U shape is moderated by rapport degree, the higher rapport between CEO and manager, the smaller influence of age heterogeneity, expert power distance on ambidexterity innovation.Research results are beneficial for listed companies building the core management team, and improving ambidexterity innovation performance.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 1-6 [
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The Influence of User Interaction on the Cognition and Diffusion of Products Knowledge and Community Incentive Research
The deep interactive behavior represented by user's posting and comment in online product community is the power source that users fast cognition of new product knowledge and spread and diffusion. Based on the theory of social capital and relying on the mobile product plate of the Xiaomi community forum, this paper uses data mining and social network analysis methods, researching the influence of user interaction on the cognition diffusion of products knowledge from the point of the number and quality of publishing posts from users with typical interactive behavior characteristics. Research shows that the user's posting as a special form of comment in response to community activities, the number of postings has a significant positive impact on diffusion, and the length of posting title has a significant negative impact on diffusion; too long or too short length of the posting both have a significant negative impact on the spread; moreover, the average length of the posting content by new posting publisher is consistent with the user's social behavior habits, and a few information can incentive the users' high frequency interaction effectively. The results of research will help to guide product community to propose corresponding incentive strategies for typical users, promoting the spread of new products in community, and enabling users to form product cognition quickly.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 7-15 [
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Review on Theory and Practice of Technology Social Experiment
The complexity and uncertainty of modern technology, incomplete knowledge, etc., makes the laboratory studies are not able to fully validate the correctness of the technical knowledge. The social introduction of technology presents obvious experimental characteristic. "Technical social experiment" is a new theory to deal with uncertainty, potential harm and benefits of new technology. Through the review on the theory of technological society experimental background, tracking theory origin, elaborate the basic features of technology social experiment, analysis of typical case study, can show technology social experiment theoretical value and practical significance, has important implications for the emerging science and technology governance.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 16-21 [
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Study on the Mechanism to Enhance the Effectiveness of Supplier Involvement into Technological Innovation
Integration supplier into technological innovation posed the advantage of low risk and preferable efficient. However, normally supplier didn't make intensive efforts on innovation facing the need of manufactures, which led to the unsatisfactory effective result of supplier involvement in technological innovation. The present study intends to evaluate the effectiveness of supplier involvement into technological innovation by supplier innovativeness.Base on the social capital theory, the study explored the regular pattern of motivating supplier innovativeness by achieving supplier granted preferred customer status through the social capital between manufacturer and supplier. By empirical researching 186 valid samples which come from Chinese manufacturing industry we found that,manufacture achieves preferred customer statusgranted by supplier positive effects supplier innovativeness. Although social capital between manufacturer and supplier contributes to preferred customer statusachieved by manufacture, the mechanisms are significant difference among structural social capital, relational social capital and cognitive social capital for the reason of the internal difference among three dimensions of social capital.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 22-28 [
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Research on the Construction and Governance Mechanism of Science and Technology Innovation Think Tank
In the comprehensive implementation of national innovation driven development strategy and promote the supply side reforms under the background, the new think tank strategic decisionmaking consultation in the country, and the government decisionmaking level increasingly important role, as a new frontier of science and technology think tank research and policy oriented science and technology industry, the value of innovation of science and technology think tank has become increasingly prominent.On the realistic situation based on the response, it is necessary to study systematically on the innovation of science and technology, in view of this, try to build the three dimensions of governance and innovation of science and technology think tank analysis theory: firstly, from the concept, given the innovation of science and technology think tank is clearly defined, secondly from the conceptual level, from the construction of mechanism and the characteristics, structure and system construction level gives the construction analysis, finally, from the governance mechanism and characteristics, formal governance and informal governance level to give analysis on their governance.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 29-37 [
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The Impact of Green Product Innovation on Green Competitive Advantage of Corporate
In order to enhance the corporate green competitive advantages, this study is based on the NRBV and Green Innovation Theory. By constructing the theoretical model of "green product innovationenterprise green imageenterprise green competitive advantage", it shows how to construct green competitive advantage of enterprises through green product innovation is clarified. The study emphasizes on an empirical analysis of the impact of green product innovation on the green competitive advantage. The results show that the green product innovation has positive influence on corporate green competitive advantage through the intermediary role green corporate image, while green creativity and dynamic environment also positively moderate the relationship between green product innovation and green corporate image, and further enhance the mediating role of green creativity on enterprise green image. Therefore, enterprises should pay attention to the establishment of green image and the influence of green creativity and environment dynamics in the process of continuously innovating green products and promoting their green competitive advantages. The study provides the basis for the agricultural products processing enterprises to improve product innovation ability and build green competitive advantage, so as to help them achieve green development and sustainable development.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 38-46 [
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The Impact of Government R&D Subsidies on Innovation Performance of Northeast Highend Equipment Manufacturing EnterprisesAnalysis on Mediation of R&D Investment and Moderation of Executive Human Capital
Taking the panel data of Northeast highend equipment manufacturing listed companies from 2012 to 2016 as samples, this paper empirically analyzes the role of government R&D subsidy in innovation performance, as well as the mediation of R&D investment and the moderation of executive human capital in this role path. The research found that government R&D subsidy had a significant positive effect on R&D investment and innovation performance. R&D investment of enterprises played a complete intermediary role in the relationship between government subsidies and enterprise innovation performance. Executive tenure negatively moderated the relation of government R&D subsidy and R&D investment of enterprises, but positively moderated the relationship between R&D investment and innovation performance. The executive education level played a significant positive role in the path of government R&D subsidy, R&D investment, and performance of enterprise innovation.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 47-53 [
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The Research on the Innovative Mechanism of East Lake HiTech Zone Promoted by Optics Valley Culture
East Lake HiTech Zone has its innovation foundation and basis brought from the Optics Valley culture. Optical Valley culture is not a simple combination of isolated individual behavior, but the sum of a variety of unique cultural patterns with the value orientation to pursuing change and advocating innovation. Together with the overall park culture advocated by the management committee, the driving force for the innovation of East Lake HiTech Zone promoted by the Optics Valley culture has been taken effect. The Optics Valley culture is showed as innovationoriented values training, culture practicing, institutional arrangements, Social Evaluation System, and so on. For the further innovation thrust, the Optics Valley culture should find the further breakthrough under the culture paradigm led by innovationoriented country.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 54-58 [
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Analysis on Industrial Technology Paradigm：Concepts，Structures and Evolving Mechanisms
The shifting of Industrial Technology Paradigms is the key and essential part to reform the development mode,optimize the industrial structure and transfer the economic engine for one country.Its concept is not being part of Paradigm or even Technological Paradigm.Technologial Paradigm is mainly related to technologyself or technology regime,while Industrial Technology Paradigm stresses the interaction between technology regime and industrial sectors.With biological metaphors,the studies on the industrial revolutions shaped three views：cellexpanding(CE)，spermeggmating(SEM)，populationiterating（PI）.CE explains the evoluting way is in depthwidth dimentionally and to and fro dynamically.SEM assumes each Industrial Technology Paradigm contains a hard core & protective belt,which coevolves with each other.PI explores it in two aspects,diachronic and synchronic,and announces the way is LearningbyForgetting.To solve the contradictions generated from the above ,such as substitution and inheritance,irreversibility and pathrelatedness,incrementality and rupture etc.The LongRiver Mode(LRM) is proposed.LRM has a better understanding and stronger explanatory power for Industrial Technology Paradigm,so as to help make a difference in policy decisionmaking for developing countries.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 59-66 [
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Agglomeration Features and Influencing Factors of High Energyconsuming Industries in the Yangtze River Economic Belt
High energyconsuming industries occupy a large proportion in the industrial system of the Yangtze River economic belt.The industrial agglomeration index is used to evaluate the agglomeration level of high energyconsuming industries in the Yangtze River economic belt.The main influencing factors of agglomeration of highenergyconsuming industries in the Yangtze River economic belt are verified by econometric methods.The results show that there is a clear trend of high concentration of energyintensive industries in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and a trend of concentration in subindustries.The trend of provincial differences in dynamic agglomeration of highenergyconsuming industries is not yet clear.Resources endowments, infrastructure, human resources and the level of dynamic agglomeration of high energyconsuming industries is positively correlated, and environmental regulation and fiscal policies have a negative inhibitory effect on the dynamic agglomeration of highenergyconsuming industries.In order to promote the green transformation and development of the highenergyconsuming industries in the Yangtze River economic belt, we should focus on optimizing the spatial layout of industries, strictly controlling the transfer of industrial pollution and strengthening the contingent of green manufacturing professionals.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 67-74 [
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Network Embedded,Marketization and Ambidextrous Innovation
Based on resource based theory and institutional theory, using the patent licensing data of electronic information industry for 2000-2016 years, we integrate marketization, multiple network embeddedness and ambidextrous innovation into the same framework following the logic of "systemresourcesperformance". Then we test the relationship between the network embeddedness and ambidextrous innovation, and the moderating effect of the marketization. The results showed that:①innovation network embeddedness has a reversed U effect on exploratory innovation, and negative impact on the exploitative innovation;②knowledge network embeddedness has inverted U effect on exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation;③marketization will strength the inverted U relationship between network embeddedness and innovation, and weaken the negative relationship between network embeddedness and innovation.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 75-82 [
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Role of Institutional Pressures and Leadership Styles in the Intention of SMEs to Adopt Ambidextrous Innovation
Drawing upon institutional theory and leadership styles, this research investigates how institutional pressures drive small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) to take on ambidextrous innovation and effects moderated by leadership style. The supposedly consequential model is tested using survey data obtained from 247 SMEs in China. Findings point out that three dimensions of institutional pressures, (i.e. normative, mimetic, and coercive) are positively associated with the ambidextrous innovation intention of SMEs. In addition, leadership styles (i.e. transformational and transactional) plays different roles in the associations between the three dimensions of institutional pressures and the aforementioned intention. Transformational leadership negatively moderates the effects of normative and mimetic pressures whereas positively moderates the effects of coercive pressures. By contrast, transactional leadership positively moderates the effects of normative and coercive pressures but lacks moderating effects on mimetic pressures. This research likewise discusses the implications and directions for future research.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 83-90 [
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Industrial 4.0 Strategy Driven Enterprise Platform Ecosystem Construction and Organizational Change
The introduction of Germany's "industry 4.0"strategy indicates the arrival of the fourth industrial revolution. In this context, the platform ecosystem becomes an important business model and organizational form, and its functions can be summarized as the interface between the creation and exchange value of different user groups. In order to further reveal the internal mechanism of constructing platform ecosystem and the process, and clarify the platform the construction of ecosystem and the relationship between enterprise organizational change, This paper from the perspective of ecology, adopts the method of theoretical deduction and case analysis, focuses on the definition of platform enterprise, the internal mechanism and the process of the construction of the ecosystem and how to carry out organizational change issues of ecosystem study to adapt to the platform. And through the analysis of the construction and organizational change of Haier platform ecosystem, the above theoretical deduction process is verified. The results show that the platform construction of ecosystem to pass bilateral market localization, stimulate the network effect, choose profit model, such key links as platform ecological rules and processes, at the same time, the enterprise needs to combine platform ecosystem rule from cognitive model, organization structure and business process three aspects of organizational change, to adapt to the platform ecosystem.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 91-96 [
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The Influence of Optional Resource Allocation on Competitive Advantage: A Empirical Study Based on Mediating Effect of Exploratory Innovation
Aiming at opening the black box in RBV, enriching research findings of resource allocation, and discussing what pattern of resource allocation can promote exploratory innovation, accordingly strengthen competitive advantage, this paper absorbed the latest research achievement which is real optional resource allocation, analyzed and 〖JP〗verified that real option resource allocation's positive effects on company's competitive advantage as well as the mediating effect of exploratory innovation using regression analysis method. Results show that real optional resource allocation promotes company's competitive advantage and exploratory innovation; exploratory innovation plays a role of partial mediation. This research also finds that the pattern of resource allocation is more important than resource inputs for enhancing competitive advantage.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 97-106 [
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Manufacturing Enterprises Environmental Performance Improvement Method Design Based on Reciprocity
Based on the discussion of high reciprocity importance for manufacturing enterprise environmental performance, the two influencing ways-promoting resources recycling and accelerating green knowledge & technology sharing on manufacturing enterprise environmental performance are discovered. Accordingly, the manufacturing enterprise environmental performance improvement method based on reciprocity is constructed, which includes four parts - ecological reciprocal space confirmation, the reciprocal object set selection and determination, ecological reciprocal degree confirming, and signing agreement & building ecological mutual benefit relationship. The research can provide effective theory and method support for manufacturing enterprise to improve environmental performance based on external mutual benefit relationship.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 107-112 [
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MultiPerspective Analysis on Supportive Efficiency of China's Innovation and Entrepreneurship Policies on Regional New Kinetic Energy
The policy of innovation and entrepreneurship is an important engine that supports the new kinetic energy of China's economic development.Taking China's innovation and entrepreneurship system as the research object, this paper innovatively built an evaluation index system of innovation and entrepreneurship policy, which contains six policy tools:investment in science and technology, education input, talent support, entrepreneurship incubation, platform construction and tax incentives.Using DEA and Malmquist index method to analyze the support efficiency of China's innovation and entrepreneurship policies on hightech enterprises and startups in 2014-2016.The results are as follow:during the study period, the supportive efficiency of China's innovation and entrepreneurship policies on regional new kinetic energy is generally high.However, the effect of interregional policy implementation is slightly different, and there is a large degree of imbalance among provinces.Through indepth analysis found that some areas have not form a scale effect yet, in addition, there is still much room for improvement in the capital allocation structure, personnel utilization efficiency, tax incentives and policy performance output, etc.At the same time, the contribution of technological progress to total factor productivity needs to be further improved.Accordingly, a number of policy suggestions are proposed, such as advancing the development of regional coinnovation, perfecting the system of innovation and entrepreneurship policies, eliminate the factors that restrict technological progress and strengthening the innovative dominant position of enterprises, etc.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 113-120 [
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The Model and Empirical Study on the Match between Science and Technology Innovation policy Supply and Demand
The innovation of science and technology policy supply become the key to promote the motivation of innovation activities.The detection and evaluation of matcheddegree is the guarantee measure of the policy and management of science and technology innovation, and the basis for the optimization of science and technology innovation policies based on evidence. Based on the theory of supply and demand matching, and it introduces the intermediary variables of supply and demand interactionscience and technology innovation policy, establishing the science and technology innovation policy matching supply and demand structure. This paper takes 82 science and technology innovation policy literature issued by the central committee of the communist party of China, the national development and reform commission, the ministry of commerce, financial department, ministry of science and technology from September 2014 to July 2017 for analysis sample, which makes the survey results of scientific research institute, universities and enterprises by using the questionnaire survey method, and empirically studying the dislocation between supply and demand of Chinese science and technology innovation policy.The results show that the supply and demand matching of science and technology innovation policy can be studied by introducing the regulation variables—technology innovation policy into the theory model, research institutes and enterprises have relatively low matching degree with the policy providers on supply oriented policies and environmental oriented policies respectively.〖JP〗
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 121-128 [
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Research on Dynamic Factors of Venture Capitalists' Trust on Entrepreneurs based on WarshallANP
A large number of studies have confirmed that the trust of venture capitalists on entrepreneurs is the key factor for the success of entrepreneurial cooperation. However, the researches on the factors of venture capitalists' trust on entrepreneurs are relatively lacking and the dynamics of the consideration factors is paied less attention in existing researches. Therefore, the stage of investment is firstly divided to establish the model of venture capitalists' trust in entrepreneurs in different stage combining with the entrepreneurial situation. Secondly, trust evaluated model of dynamic factors based on WarshallANP is established, which the relationships between the various factors and indexes are determined by Warshall algorithm and ANP is used to the calculate weights of each factor and index in different stage of investment. Finally, the empirical analysis is carried out in Linghang incubator in Province of Heilongjiang as an example and the application of the method is discussed. The results show that, the key factors of venture capitalists' trust in entrepreneurs are relational factors in the search phase; venture capitalists mainly based on cognitive factors to generate trust on entrepreneurs in the stage of selection and decisionmaking, while relational factors adjust the trust perception of venture capitalists.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 129-136 [
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Dynamic Mechanism of Employee Constructive Deviance Behavior:
Employee constructive deviance behavior often violates the norms of the organization,but it can bring unpredictable benefits and positive changes.Based on the data of 188 sample questionnaires,the paper explores the immediate effect of humble leadership on employee constructive deviance behavior and the mediating role of leadermember exchange and the moderating role of perceived insider status.It arrives at the results as follows:humble leadership is positively related to employee constructive deviance behavior; leadermember exchange plays a partial mediating role in the positive relationship between humble leadership and employee constructive deviance behavior; perceived insider status positively moderates the relationship between humble leadership and employee constructive deviance behavior.The conclusion provides critical reference for the improvement of the relationship quality between leader and employee so that it enhances employee psychological safety to break away from conventions for organizational interests and then facilitates employee constructive deviance behavior.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 137-143 [
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Research on Entrepreneurship, Social Capital and "BornGlobal" Internationalization Pathway of Technologybased Small and Mediumsized Enterprises
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Entrepreneurship is a type of personal traits related to the international exploration of technologybased small and mediumsized enterprises, reflecting the enterprises' social capital and its inner drive. This paper, based on the resourcebased theory, constructs a conceptional model of entrepreneurship, social capital, resource endowment and the "born global" internationalization pathway choice of technologybased small and mediumsized enterprises(SME), validates the impact of interaction between entrepreneurship and social capital upon its pathway, and examines the moderating effect of resource endowment. The findings suggest that entrepreneurship and social capital can positively affect the"bornglobal" internationalization pathway choice of technologybased SMEs and that resource endowment can positively meditate the relationship between entrepreneurship and social capital and thus promote the technologybased enterprises to choose "BornGlobal" internationalization pathway.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 144-150 [
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Knowledge Structure and Emerging Trend of Interfirm Network Research
In recent 30 years, interfirm network has gradually become the focus of management practice and theoretical research.Based on the analyzing of 563 papers related to interfirm network research from the Web of Science database for 1997-2016 years, this paper explores the knowledge base, core issues and research hotspots of interfirm network research.Via cocitation analysis, cluster analysis and emergent analysis, this study constructs an integrated framework of interfirm network research.According to the integration framework, interfirm network knowledge base includes four aspects: network governance, network resources, innovation network and network structure and seven research hotspots: interfirm network research in emerging economies, cross level interfirm network research, director network research, entrepreneurial network research, network capability research, network evolution research and node heterogeneity research.Finally, this paper puts forward three proposals to promote the development of enterprise network research: improve research ideas and methods, focus on special networks and cross level research and attach importance to cultural differences, and the "dark side" of the Internet.
2018 Vol. 35 (16): 151-160 [
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