Abstract The complexity and uncertainty of modern technology, incomplete knowledge, etc., makes the laboratory studies are not able to fully validate the correctness of the technical knowledge. The social introduction of technology presents obvious experimental characteristic. "Technical social experiment" is a new theory to deal with uncertainty, potential harm and benefits of new technology. Through the review on the theory of technological society experimental background, tracking theory origin, elaborate the basic features of technology social experiment, analysis of typical case study, can show technology social experiment theoretical value and practical significance, has important implications for the emerging science and technology governance.
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