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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
2017 Vol.34 Issue.5
Published 2017-03-10
1
Innovation System Theory: Paradigms and Challenges
Zhu Wentao,Sun Zhufeng
Hot!
Summarizing the innovation phenomenon and regularity in Learning Economy, the export-oriented paradigm of Innovation System theory can deeply explain the catching up and policy in developing countries. But now in Interconnection Economy, the theory faces different challenges from innovation economic development, Schumpeter's innovation theory, the standardization of the theory, etc. In order to enhance the theory's adaptability and normativity, it need to summarize the innovation phenomenon in the new economy to get more basic law and to establish more directly connection between innovation and economic reality to develop an inward-oriented paradigm theory.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 1-5 [
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Heterogeneity Characteristics of Innovation Subject and Relationship Risk in Innovation Alliances under Supply-Side Reform
Yu Liufang,Yin Jidong,Xu Shuiping
Under supply-side reform, different subjects in innovation alliances share resource, bare risks, and reduce innovation cost. So they are developing and universal. The relationship risks become prominent step by step because diversity and heterogeneity characteristics exist objectively in these innovation alliances. Clear knowing which and how variables affect the relationship risks is very important. This research from heterogeneity characteristics theory, uses structure-equation-model(SEM)to do some empirical study. It can be found that direct relationship between heterogeneity characteristics and relationship risks don't exist; from intermediary variables tests, power asymmetry is the intermediary variable between the complement characteristics and relationship risks; trust and information share not only are the intermediary variable between heterogeneity characteristics and relationship risks; they two variables are multi-intermediary ones between the heterogeneity characteristic and relationship risks. This research shows that relationship risks how been affected in innovation alliances, and it is helpful to see the core problem in management and control relationship risks and enhance the efficiency of innovation alliances.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 6-13 [
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14
Structural Adaptabilities on Business Models: Analysis of Component Coupling Coordination
Liu Gang
Business model is a value creation architecture which consists of multi-components. There, component features, relationships among these components impact on structural adaptabilities of a business model. Using NK models from component coupling perspective, the impacts of component attributions and distributions of the relationships among components on business model configurable adaptabilities are researched in the paper. It is shown that structural adaptabilities of a business model are slightly decreased and structural coupling degrees are enhanced as the numbers of optimal coupling configures are increased. Firms need to make trade-off between structural adaptabilities and coupling degrees of a business. At the same time, then the existence of similar optimal structures on a business model under the conditions of different coupling relationships, provide a path for firms searching the maximum of structural adaptabilities on a business model.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 14-19 [
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20
Research on Risk Factors Identification and Risk Aversion of Outsourcing at Each Stage
Lu Yu,He Youshi
Based on decision process theory, this paper divided outsourcing into four stages: planning and selecting business, forming and signing contract, executing contract, valuating results of outsourcing, and worked out risk factors at each stage of outsourcing. In accordance with four-stage decision process, a risk aversion model at each stage was developed, which included three mechanisms: self-discipline, cooperation and evaluation. Methods, procedures, measures and countermeasures of risk aversion at four stages in the process of outsourcing were discussed. The paper also analyzed the model of response to risk at each stage of outsourcing development from three aspects: input of response to risk, control of response to risk and output of response to risk. The result provided an important complement to the risk control system of outsourcing at each stage.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 20-24 [
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25
Regional Innovation System Evolution and Performance Determinants under the Open Innovation Perspective
Xu Jia,Wei Jiuchang,Wang Shuai,Zhao Dingtao
Innovation has become a key factor in promoting the development of regional economy and gaining competitive advantage. Therefore, it will be a critical research topic to shed light on the relationship between the technological innovation and economic development from a regional perspective. Moreover, the formulation, development and improvement of regional innovation system is of great significance for strengthening the innovative capability, promoting the development of regional economy and further achieving the "Chinese dream" on the road to revival. Focusing on the regional innovation system, this research will first review the related literature on the regional innovation system and open innovation in order to provide a theoretical foundation for the following research. Second, the motives, paths, characteristics and implications of the regional innovation system evolution will be investigated from an open innovation view by introducing this notion into the regional innovation system. On this basis, the research will make an evaluation on the efficiency of Chinese regional innovation system using a DEA method and then analyze regional innovation systems of different regions in China and on which stage they are. Finally, the research concludes and gives implications accordingly with expect to provide hints to the development of Chinese regional innovation systems.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 25-34 [
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35
Collaborative Innovation, Regional Integration and Innovation Performance
Zhang Gui,Wen Ke
Collaborative innovation is the inherent power of regional coordinated development.This paper uses collaborative degree model and data envelopment analysis to measure the synergy degree of innovation and innovation performance, constructs the measurement model of the effect of collaborative innovation on innovation performance, and uses spatial metrology technology to analyze the relationship between regional integration and innovation performance by utilizing 2002-2014 provincial or each local data of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei ,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. Research results show that in addition to the Pearl River Delta, the collaborative innovation activities of Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei have no significant impact on innovation performance, the higher the degree of regional integration,the more balanced regional innovation performance distributes,and endogenous factors such as "enterprise self investment" and "government financing" are the main driving force to promote regional integration and promote innovation performance.Therefore,it is essential to promote the free and reasonable flow of production factors within the region，promote the free and reasonable flow of production factors in the region, to achieve effective spillover of innovation resources,enhance the endogenous power of regional development, deepen the degree of regional integration,and then improve the efficiency of innovation.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 35-44 [
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45
Can People Agglomeration Promote Regional Technological Innovation
Chen Shuyun,Yang Jiankun
By using Chinese Provincial Data from 2005 to 2014 , this paper studied the population agglomeration effects on regional technology innovation in recent years through distinguishing the differences between the indicator of general population agglomeration and talents converging, which involves fixed effect, random effect and system of generalized moment estimation method. In addition, this article also analyzes the similarities and differences of this relationship among different regions. .Overall results show that there is a positive "u-shaped" relationship between the general population agglomeration and regional technology innovation. At the same time, talent agglomeration promoted the regional technology innovation significantly. In different regional level, there is a positive "U" relationship in both eastern and western regions concerning general population agglomeration, and for even more important in the western region. However, there is no "U" relationship in the middle parts of China, which means continuing negative impact. Furthermore, the role of talent agglomeration is more important in middle and western regions than in the eastern regions for technological innovation.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 45-51 [
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52
Research on Model of Industry Cluster's Chain Fission Innovation
Wang Rui,Fan Decheng
Hot!
This paper reviews existing research, compares different types of innovation on the background of industry cluster, constructs the model of fission innovation in view of the metaphor between open innovation process inside industry cluster and characteristics of nuclear fission reaction, describes and analyzes the innovation mechanisms of leading company especially high-tech enterprise and following company. This paper also offers technical and policy measures to ensure the smooth implementation of chain fission innovation.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 52-57 [
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58
Research on the Symbiotic Evolution Process of Industrial Technology Innovation Alliance: the Perspective of Leading Enterprise
Wang Faming,Yang Wenjun
Taking leading enterprises as the breakthrough point, this paper discusses Chaotic Characteristics of the industrial technology innovation alliance symbiotic evolution presented based on the analysis of industrial technology innovation alliance symbiotic evolution process. Then this paper verifies alliance symbiotic evolution development path through the reference ecology insect mouth model. Thus, as a basis for discussion influence factors of the capacity of business leaders gathered, the entire alliance symbiotic evolution direction can be optimized through the adjustment of the influence factors and control of leader enterprises gather ability size (parameter values). The results show that chaotic state of industrial technology innovation alliance is accompanied by union leading enterprises whose gather ability transit from weak to strong changes. Industrial technology innovation alliance symbiotic evolution appears different results also are caused by union leading enterprises whose different gather ability. In order to grasp evolution direction of industrial technology innovation alliance symbiotic from a macro, we need to control gather ability of leading enterprises.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 58-65 [
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66
Corporate Governance,the Delayed Effect of R&D Investment and Corporate Performance in the Strategic Emerging Industries
Sun Ying
The relationship among corporate governance,the delayed effect of R&D investment and corporate performance is investigated with the sample of 1038 listed companies in strategic emerging industries during 2013~2015.The empirical evidence supports the following conclusions.First,chairman and CEO concurrency can effectively promote R&D investment; board size,the percentage of independent directors has no significant correlation.Secondly,the concentration of ownership has not played a significantly positive role,institutional ownership has no significant correlation with R&D investment,and equity balance promotes enterprise R&D.Thirdly,executive compensation,equity incentive and the on-the-job consumption are all positively related to R&D investment.Finally,R&D investment has the delayed effect,and has negative and positive impact respectively on the current and subsequent performance.The paper explores the R&D activities of strategic emerging industries from new perspective,and provides reference for the governance structure to match the innovation characteristics.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 66-72 [
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73
A Statistical Survey of Enterprise Science and Technology Innovation Boom
Yang Wu, Yang Miao
By using the survey data of 700 enterprises in Shenzhen City in 2015, this paper introduces the research steps and calculation methods of the regional science and technology innovation boom questionnaire investigation, and puts forward the existing problems and countermeasures according to the results of the questionnaire. The study finds that the entrepreneur innovation of science and technology confidence index and enterprise technology innovation environment index increased, technology environment index rose the most obviously, the talent environment index has improved but still be the biggest bottleneck of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises, and the enterprise financing environment need to be improved immediately.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 73-79 [
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The Impact of VC's Industry Specialization Investment Intensity on Corporate Innovation Capability
Deng Chao,Liu Yihan
The firms listed on China's GEM from 2009 to 2014 have been used as research samples in this paper. It builds the intensity index of industry specialization investment and demonstrate the relationships between intensity of the VC's industry specialization investment and innovation capability of the target firms. Result shows that intensity of VC's industry specialization investment has extremely positive impact on innovation capability of the target firms from both an aspect of innovation resources (R&D strength, R&D staff ratio) and innovation achievement (authorized patents). Further study shows that intensity of the VC's industry specialization investment has an inverted U-shaped effect on innovation outcome (numbers of the authorized patents) of the target firm. On the basis of this conclusion, some suggestions towards the investment strategy choice of VC institutions, financing decisions of target firms and the supervision mechanism of GEM audit have been proposed in this paper.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 80-85 [
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86
The Study of the Effect of Entrepreneurs' Background Characteristics on the Performance of Technology Start-ups
Guo Tao,Wu Ye,Liu Hongde
Based on the business model innovation as the intermediary variable, the theoretical model of the relationship between entrepreneurs' background characteristics and technology start-ups performance is constructed. Based on the data of 125 listing corporation of small and medium sized board and gem, this study uses the method of multiple regression analysis to verify the research hypothesis. The empirical results are as follows that entrepreneurs' degree, major and functional background all have positive effect on the performance of technology start-ups, and business model innovation plays a partial intermediary role between entrepreneurs' background characteristics and technology start-ups performance.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 86-91 [
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The Influence of Value Collaboration and Absorptive Capacity on Innovation Performance of SMEs from Crowdsourcing Network
Liu Xintong,Xu Juanjuan
The Internet has brought about a revolution in resource sharing and individual innovation. The network crowdsourcing which is famous for the characteristics of " group create " help enterprises solve the inside and outside problems.This paper has make a research on the influence of crowdsourcing network on the innovation performance of SMEs from the value in collaboration.The results show that the value collaboration and absorptive capacity from network Crowdsourcing has a positive impact on the innovation performance of SMEs ;absorptive capacity plays an intermediary role in the relationship between the value collaboration of the network crowdsourcing and the innovation performance of SMEs.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 92-97 [
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98
Analysis on the Policy Structure of the Enterprises' Default Risk Control of the Carbon Market in China
Li Jian,Yang Yang,Wang Qingshan
The policy structure of carbon market is closely related to the risk of default, and scientific and reasonable policy structure is an important guarantee to avoid the risk of default of carbon market enterprises. It combs the central government of China promulgated the carbon market companies default risk control related policy texts as samples, from the trading and emission reduction dimensions construct two dimensional analysis framework of enterprises' default risk control policy of the carbon market, using content analysis method to analyze China's existing risk control policy structure. The research results show the current China's carbon market enterprises' default risk control policy coverage overlap each other, is likely to affect the implementation effect; corporate default punishment system there are still loopholes in the punishment is too large or lead to corporate wrongdoing; relative lack of carbon price control policy, fluctuations in the price of carbon easily lead to breach of contract. And, it optimizes and improves the research results, in order to provide policy support for the effective control of corporate default risk in the construction of China's national carbon market.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 98-104 [
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105
A Study of Evaluating the Patent Pledged to Finance Based on Risk Sharing
Gao Hua,Liu Chengcheng,Wang Xiaojie
At present, the study about the evaluation of patent pledge financing mainly centered on the method of patent valuation, the influence factors of patent valuation and the risk of patent pledge financing, but there is little study on the combination of risk factor and valuation method.On the basis of the identification of patent pledge financing risk factors, this paper will build valuation model of the patent pledge financing on the point of bank and lending institution from the view of risk sharing.Through analysis, there are four risks in the process of patent pledge financing, and those risks are legal risk, assessing risk, credit risk and economic risk.The legal risks can be shared by law firm, and the assessing risk and credit risk that caused by the bank or the lending institution themselves shared by the lending institutions.Determination of the loan rate is based on the credit rating of the company.Monte Carlo Simulation will be used in this paper to quantify the economic risk which has directive impact on patent value.An example is analyzed and the conclusion is the value when considering the risk of patent pledge financing is less than the traditional incoming method.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 105-111 [
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112
Research on Matching Fractal Evaluation of High & New Technology Enterprises R&D Alliance Partners
Wang Yudong,Wu Chuan,Xu Yulian
In order to realize the optimal combination between R&D alliance partners of high-tech enterprises, improve the operational efficiency of R&D alliance, which can give full play to the R&D alliance's comprehensive advantages. This paper makes systematic analysis on the main factors that affecting partner matching ability of R&D alliance, according to the characteristics and purposes of R&D alliance for high-tech enterprises by defining the R&D alliance partners' matching. Then, the evaluation index system is constructed through designing indicators scoring rules and giving fractal evaluation method. Based on the R&D alliance partners of Huawei as the empirical analysis object, there are specific evaluations on their matching. The evaluation results show that Huawei's R&D alliance partners present a high degree of matching, and in line with the actual situation of Huawei R&D alliance. The research has provided a fresh method and decision-making reference on R&D alliance partners' selection, at the same time, the evaluation of high-tech enterprises.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 112-120 [
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Establishment of the Index System for Idea Value Assessment by Semantic Clustering
Gao Xirong,Yang Jian,He Jie
An index system for idea evaluation,including 5 first-class indexes and 13 second-class indexes,was established by semantic clustering method and text analysis,which measured idea value comprehensively from five aspects,i.e.,novelty,appearance,functionality,greenness,and feasibility.After formulating these indexes,the system would be especially suitable for assessing and selecting the high-valued idea from the massive ideas in the age of idea explosion.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 121-126 [
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Influence of CEO Knowledge Endowment on Exploratory Innovation
Li Xiaoqing ,Song Shuli ,Wang Yahong
Under the background of knowledge economy, knowledge has become an important strategic resource for enterprises to realize exploratory innovation. However, it is not clear how the knowledge of different characteristics influence the intrinsic mechanism of exploratory innovation. Taking the high-tech enterprises of China's GEM as the research object，firstly investigated the effects of the CEO knowledge endowment to exploratory innovation, and then based on resource dependence perspective, tested the moderating effect of board social network on the relationship between CEO knowledge endowment and exploratory innovation. The result shows that CEO's tenure and industrial background are positively related with exploratory innovation, board social network has a positive moderating effect on CEO's tenure and industrial background on exploratory innovation.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 127-134 [
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135
Bargaining Power，Specialized Knowledge and the Optimal Portfolio Size of Venture Capital
Pu Yi,Fang Sihai
Venture capital（VC）tend to hold a portfolio of enterprise in reality，the optimal portfolio size is closely related to the bargaining power and specialized knowledge of VC.Using cooperative game theory and optimization theory，we introduce the two factors of bargaining power and specialized knowledge in this paper and establish the decision-making model to analyze the effect of the two factors on the portfolio size decision problem.At the same time,we do an empirical test for our conclusions.It was found that the bargaining power and specialized knowledge to play a complementary role in decision-making of portfolio size.The specialized knowledge stronger VCs to invest a large number of start-up firms,and the bargaining power determines the profits share rule between VCs and start-ups directly,thereby non monotonic effect the portfolio size of start-ups indirectly.On the one hand,the model provides a method for VCs to choose the number of venture enterprise according to their circumstance;on the other hand,it explains the relationship between the portfolio size and the profit share rule from a different point of view compare with the previous studies.The introduction of bargaining power is the main reason causing the difference between previous studies and this article.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 135-141 [
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142
Effect Mechanism of Collectivism-oriented Human Resource Management on Innovation Performance of Research Teams
Chen Silu
There is a hot topic on the issue of how to enhance innovation performance of research teams for universities. This paper tries to explore the influence of Collectivism-oriented human resource management on team innovation performance and the mediating role of team psychology safety climate between these two variables. After empirical study, this paper finds that Collectivism-oriented human resource management has significantly positive effect on team innovation performance, also，team's psychology safety mediates the relationship between Collectivism-oriented human resource management and team innovation performance. This study enriches the literature on strategic HRM, as well as offers suggestions for improving innovation performance.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 142-147 [
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148
Entrepreneurial Team Collaboration Clusters Complexity and Identify the Key Interface
Xu Chenglei,Wang Ding,Duan Wanchun
In order to response the interface collaborative emergent properties analysis and management requirements that the multi-team entrepreneurial process in complex scenarios,think about the "entrepreneurial innovation interaction" characteristics of entrepreneurial team,the paper illustrated the interface structure of implementing entrepreneurial teams clusters collaboration from four dimensions,that is,the group,the environment,the opportunity and the ability.It interpreted the nonlinear emergence and connotation of the synergy effectiveness of multi-agent co-entrepreneurship,then put forward the emergence mechanism of entrepreneurial team cluster interface synergy effectiveness from the symbiotic win-win situation,dynamic adaptation,the system overall three aspects.Based on this,the paper improves the conventional DEMATEL method,and construct the key influence interface identification method which can respond to the multiple decision guidance in complex scenes,then applied it to a mixed ownership innovation enterprises.The application of case results shows that the proposed framework and analysis method are effective and feasible,which has a certain reference significance for the analysis and evaluation of the emergent property of multi-agent cooperative effects in the complex cooperative situation.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 148-155 [
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156
A Review and Outlook of the Literature of Enterprise Innovation Ecosystem Governance
Gu Guifang,Hu En′hua,Li Wenyuan
In the complex and turbulent environment, many companies form ecosystems to survive and the competition for innovation ecosystem becomes the locus of the competition among companies. The research on the governance of enterprise innovation ecosystem becomes the focus of academia. Analyzing and summarizing the extant literature can provide us insights about how the companies craft and sustain a healthy enterprise innovation ecosystem and how the companies gain competitive advantages. The paper review the literature on the governance boundary, the governance goal, the governance structure, the governance mechanism and the governance performance of enterprise innovation ecosystem. Based on literature review, the paper provides some suggestions on future research.
2017 Vol. 34 (5): 156-160 [
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