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| The Influence of Mixed Ownership of Scientific and Technological Achievements on the Innovation Efficiency of Colleges and Universities |
| Ren Zhiyang,Mei Shuwen |
| (School of Intellectual Property,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210014,China) |
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Abstract Innovation is the primary driver of development, and innovation-driven development is inextricably linked to university innovation capability. How to efficiently distribute scientific and technical advances to facilitate their transformation has been a hot topic among industrial scholars. Since 2015, the government has taken steps to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, including modifying the Law on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements to allow the right to dispose of such achievements. Although it has not yet reached the national expectation in terms of transformation effectiveness despite the overall driving effect in terms of policy and environment, several exploratory practices of reforming the ownership of scientific and technological achievements on duty have emerged in China, marked by the pilot reform of mixed ownership of scientific and technological achievements on duty spearheaded by Sichuan Province and it has made a breakthrough in the reform of scientific and technological achievements on duty in China's universities and has attracted wide academic attention. At present, scholars mainly focus on theoretical studies on the distribution of rights, the balance of interests among subjects, and the legitimacy and rationality of mixed ownership of scientific and technological achievements, but there is still a lack of empirical studies to evaluate the benefits of the pilot reform of a mixed-ownership system of scientific and technological achievements on scientific research innovation in universities. There is no empirical study yet to evaluate the effectiveness of the reform pilot of a mixed-ownership system of scientific and technological achievements in university innovation. To this end, this paper investigates the influence of mixed ownership of scientific and technological achievements on the innovation efficiency of universities in Sichuan Province through the difference-in-difference model, and innovatively takes the structure of property rights subjects as the entry point to deeply study the influence mechanism of pilot projects and university innovation efficiency.#br#The experimental group in this study is made up of 9 universities from Sichuan Province's pilot policy document on mixed ownership of scientific and technical achievements, while the control group is made up of 10 institutions from Sichuan and the neighboring areas. The influence mechanism of the pilot project and university innovation efficiency are then investigated further using the patent database, standard patent data of universities and individuals, and joint patent data of universities and various fields.#br##br#The findings show a strong positive association between the pilot mixed-ownership system of scientific and technological achievements and university innovation efficiency in Sichuan Province, implying that the pilot has a beneficial impact on university innovation efficiency in general. However, this impact was attributed to the unbundling of property rights structure, which increased shared property rights of universities and other innovation subjects, indicating that the pilot's impact on university innovation efficiency was influenced favorably by shared property rights of universities and other innovation subjects.This study assesses the real benefits of the pilot mixed-ownership system of science and technology achievements on the innovation efficiency of universities in Sichuan Province based on the theory of knowledge innovation incentive and the theory of property rights economics. Simultaneously, it identifies the flaws in current science and technology achievement empowerment, clarifies the property rights relationship between universities and researchers, and constructs a power allocation system for science and technology achievements from the perspective of property rights structure. Finally, it is essential to strengthen cooperation between universities and diverse subjects such as enterprises and scientific research units, broaden research ideas and R&D directions of scientific and technological innovation in universities, increase the transformation of scientific and technological innovation results, and improve resource flow efficiency while promoting ownership reform of scientific and technological achievements.#br#
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Received: 18 August 2021
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