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25 February 2022, Volume 39 Issue 4
    

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    Innovation in Science and Technology Management
  • R&D Transition and Organizational Failure:the Moderating Roles of Technological Capability and Isomorphic Pressures
    Ma Haiyan,Guo Yingying
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021050426
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    The development of digital economy and the rise of industrial Internet have intensified the competition of enterprises in value supply. Organizations need to keep R&D innovation to maintain the competitive advantage in product and factor markets and achieve sustainable growth. The R&D based exploitation and exploration are the key elements of firm innovation. The exploitative R&D is based on existing knowledge to expand existing products and services for existing customers; and explorative R&D pursues new knowledge and develops new products and services for emerging customers or markets. The sequential ambidexterity of two types of R&D activities at different stages can effectively alleviate the resource and management constraints in the ambidexterity. To practice the opposing modes between exploratory R&D and exploitative R&D is named R&D transition. However, there exists the lucky man bias in the current research focusing on the promotion of R&D transition on organizational performance, that is, enterprises that successfully realize the transition can improve their performance, but as a drastic organizational change, some enterprises also fail due to R&D transition. Therefore, based on the punctuated equilibrium theory, this paper focuses on the 'dark side' of R&D transition, regards the short-term and violent fluctuation of R&D investment as the attempt of R&D transition, reveals the risk of R&D transition, and analyzes the mechanism of R&D transition on organizational failure. In addition, few studies have explored the relationship from the perspective of contingency, indicating that there is still much room for research on the internal mechanism of R&D transition and organizational failure. Existing research shows that organizations with strong technological capability have rich R&D experience, and they can flexibly respond to emergencies, which helps organizations overcome inertia and reduce resistance to change. Also, in an uncertain situation, the isomorphic pressure from the outside of enterprises will affect the decision-making process of organizational managers, thereby affecting the R&D investment of enterprises. Therefore, this paper further examines the moderating effect of technological capability and isomorphic pressure within enterprises on the relationship of R&D transition on organizational failure. #br#This paper takes China' s A-share listed manufacturing enterprises from 2007 to 2020 as the research sample. We eliminate obvious singular value samples, such as enterprises with asset liability ratio greater than 1 or negative sales revenue. Only enterprises with complete R & D investment data for 8 consecutive years or more shall be retained. We also get rid of enterprises with missing or incomplete key data. Combined with the actual data of listed enterprises, this study defines organizational failure as the ST of an organization due to lack of solvency or continuous loss and lack of sustainable operation ability. After data screening and processing, 1002 sample enterprises are retained, of which 73 enterprises are ST or ST* during the observation period, which were considered to be organizational failures. Furthermore, this paper verifies the hypothesis by constructing regression model. To verify the hypothesis, this paper uses logistic regression model to test relevant hypotheses and draws the moderating effect figures of technological capability and isomorphic pressure.#br#When the organization is in the exploratory R & D stage and the isomorphic pressure is small, managers tend to reduce R & D investment and invest organizational resources in short-term benefits rather than medium and long-term investment. At this time, the improper investment in organizational R & D increases the risk of the transformation from exploratory R & D to utilization R & D, and intensifies the impact of the transformation from exploratory R & D to utilization R & D on organizational failure. While the degree of organizational isomorphism increases with the increase of isomorphic pressure of successful enterprises. On the one hand, it can improve the perception ability of management decision-makers to the external environment, enable the organization to follow the successful enterprises to adopt new technologies and avoid losing competitive advantage; On the other hand, it will also reduce the cost and uncertainty of organizational technology search, and make the organization smoothly transform to utilization R & D, so as to weaken the impact of the transformation from exploratory R & D to utilization R & D on organizational failure.#br#Therefore it draws the conclusions that the intensity of R&D transition is positively correlated with the possibility of organizational failure. The technological capability has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between the transition from exploitative R&D to explorative R&D and organizational failure, while successful firms' isomorphic pressures play an inverted 'U' moderating role in the relationship of transition from explorative R&D to exploitative R&D and organizational failure. #br#This study attempts to explore the impact of R&D transition on organizational failure, responds to relevant scholars' research initiatives on dynamic R&D investment from a dynamic perspective, and deepens the research on sequential ambidexterity and R&D decision-making. In addition, this study introduces two contingency factors, technological capability and isomorphic pressure, as the situational conditions of internal capability and external environment on the relationship between R&D transition and organizational failure, which not only helps to enrich the boundary conditions of organizational R&D management, strengthen the research on the relationship between R&D behavior and organizational results, but also helps to expand the context of technological capability and isomorphic pressure. The research results of this paper have certain guiding significance for enterprise R&D decision. Firstly, organizations need to dynamically adjust R&D investment and focus on the transition of enterprise innovation mode. When enterprises obtain innovative achievements through explorative R&D, they should adjust the strategic focus on exploitative R&D, reasonably reduce R&D investment, excavate the value of existing achievements, and pursue actual benefits, and vice versa. Secondly, enterprises with low technological capability should actively acquire external knowledge through mergers and acquisitions and R&D cooperation to strengthen their own technological capability. Finally, organizational managers should avoid the myopic behavior of reducing R&D investment to achieve short-term interest goals.#br#

    Ma Haiyan,Guo Yingying. R&D Transition and Organizational Failure:the Moderating Roles of Technological Capability and Isomorphic Pressures[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 1-9., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021050426.

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  • Is TRIZ Really an Innovative “Midas Touch”：Application Analysis of TRIZ Based on Zhejiang Province
    Yao Wei,Chu Zhaowei,Hu Shunshun
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 10-19. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021060608
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    TRIZ can enhance the R&D capabilities of enterprises, and thus has gained the reputation as “the Midas touch” in media. However TRIZ is experiencing many queries in application and falling flat in different industries. Because firstly the development process of TRIZ has not been peer reviewed, which is not in line with the general procedure of the birth of scientific theory, and there is a natural "legitimacy crisis". Secondly, the process of using TRIZ to solve technical problems is difficult to repeat, and the problem-solving results often vary from person to person. Thirdly in the process of practical application, there are some problems including difficulties in learning TRIZ theory, exaggerated use effect of TRIZ by promoters, misuse of TRIZ tools by users, low efficiency of importing and applying TRIZ tool system, and differences in industrial scenarios in using TRIZ theory. To verify whether TRIZ can contribute so much like the real “the Midas touch”, the effectiveness and application rules of TRIZ need to be clarified. Existing studies generally have deficiencies such as insufficient and poor quality of samples or research design defects. #br#According to research and advice by Spreafico and Ilevbare, we designed an exact data collection plan from from ZheJiang Province, China, with the help of local government. Based on the empirical evidence of 148 cases, this paper collects three kinds of data of TRIZ under supervision, including the applicability of TRIZ, the use of TRIZ tools and the benefits of TRIZ use. The survey content mainly includes three types of data. The first is TRIZ applicability data, such as industry applicability, application purpose, etc. The next is the application data and conceptual schemes of TRIZ tools, including the application frequency of 12 TRIZ tools and the total number of conceptual schemes (including duplication and de duplication), and the third covers comprehensive benefit data, mainly including economic benefits, intellectual property benefits and social benefits. Multiple linear regression and Logit regression were selected as main research methods of calculation based on the statistics from samples above. According to the calculations, we can find the following findings. First, TRIZ can be applied in industries widely and can achieve diversified goals. Second, the effectiveness of different TRIZ tools is quite distinguishing. Technical contradiction and 40 inventive principles, which contribute 37.73% of conceptual solutions of all, are the most effective TRIZ tools. For every 3.98 conceptual solutions generated by technical contradiction and 40 inventive principles, one of them will be finally adopted. Third, the economic benefits and intellectual benefits of TRIZ application are better than social benefits. #br#According to the calculation results, this paper draws the following conclusions on TRIZ further. First, TRIZ tools should be matched according to the type of technical problem flexibly and improve the pertinence of problem-solving. Second, users should keep close eyes on these tools with very low efficiency, and optimize less efficient tools such as multi-screen and inventive thinking. Third, the improvement of TRIZ tools needs to highlight social benefits. In the regression models, only IFR, resource analysis and physical contradiction have significant positive impacts on social benefits. #br#Although this research has answered some questions about TRIZ, there are still some work to do. The survey data of this study only comes from high-tech enterprises and there are limitations about the samples , thus the research results can not represent the disruptive innovation of all enterprises. For the future research, researchers can try to expand the geographical scope and quantity of the sample to overcome this problem. Futhermore, this paper only puts forward positive assumptions and one-way effects. In management practice, it will be an interesting exploration on whether there is a nonlinear relationship between alliance management ability and enterprise disruptive technological innovation, such as U-shaped relationship or inverted U-shaped relationship. Researchers can expand more situational variables and analyze their indirect impact on enterprise knowledge management and disruptive technological innovation, they can also explore the root causes of the differences in effectiveness and benefits of tools.#br#

    Yao Wei,Chu Zhaowei,Hu Shunshun. Is TRIZ Really an Innovative “Midas Touch”：Application Analysis of TRIZ Based on Zhejiang Province[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 10-19., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021060608.

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  • Environmental Regulation Tools and Environmentally Friendly Technological Innovation:Double Threshold Effect of Intellectual Property Protection
    Sun Bing,Xu Yang,Kang Min
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 20-28. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021050652
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    With the consumption of natural resources and the deterioration of the ecological environment, environmentally friendly technologies become vital for enterprises to realize transformation and upgradation under the constraints of environmental regulations. #br#Due to the existence of opportunistic behavior of enterprises, it is difficult to effectively solve the problem of environmental pollution only by relying on the market mechanism. Therefore, governments at all levels have adopted a series of environmental regulation policies to intervene in different degrees in order to reduce pollutant emissions and protect the environment. The impact of environmental regulation on technological innovation is currently a research hotspot in academia, and there have been a large number of empirical studies based on the Porter Hypothesis. However, the academic community has not yet reached a consensus on whether and how environmental regulatory tools affect environmentally friendly technological innovation. Moreover, theoretically speaking, the Porter's Weak Hypothesis involves the problem of dual externalities, that is, the positive externalities of technological innovation and the negative externalities of environmental pollution both require the joint efforts of environmental regulation and intellectual property protection to solve them, while intellectual property protection has not yet attracted general attention. #br#In the dual background of the continuous improvement of the implementation effect of environmental regulatory tools and the continuous improvement of China's intellectual property protection system, have environmental regulatory tools promote China's environmentally friendly technological innovation? Does the strength of intellectual property protection play a role as a booster in the process of environmental regulation tools promoting environmentally friendly technological innovation? Does the intensity of intellectual property protection differ in the mechanism of different types of environmental regulatory tools on environmentally friendly technological innovation? It is of great significance to promoting China's environmentally friendly technological innovation by studying the above issues. #br#Based on this, this paper attempts to empirically analyze the impact of environmental regulatory tools on environmentally friendly technological innovation from the perspective of intellectual property protection, and reveal the mechanism of intellectual property protection in the impact of environmental regulatory tools on environmentally friendly technological innovation. Specifically，this paper takes the intensity of intellectual property protection as the threshold variable, and empirically tests whether there is a nonlinear relationship between environmental regulation tools and environment-friendly technological innovation, and further verifies whether the dynamic change of intellectual property protection intensity has a threshold effect in the impact of three types of environmental regulation tools on environment-friendly technological innovation.#br#This paper uses panel data from 30 provinces, cities (regions) in China from 2004 to 2019, selects a nonlinear panel threshold regression model and takes the ratio of technology market turnover to GDP to represent the strength of intellectual property protection. Then it examines the characteristics of the nonlinear threshold of intellectual property protection, and study the internal correlation and influence mechanism of environmental regulation tools and environmentally friendly technological innovation. The empirical results show that the impact of the three types of environmental regulatory tools on environmentally friendly technological innovation has a dual threshold effect with the intensity of intellectual property protection as the threshold, and the impact trends are different. To be more specific, the environmental regulation tools of market incentive show a phased mutation trend from negative inhibition to positive promotion as the intensity of intellectual property protection crosses the first threshold. The command-controlled environmental regulation tools show a phased mutation trend from positive promotion to negative inhibition as the intensity of intellectual property protection crosses the second threshold. The environmental regulation tools of public participation have a significant effect on promoting environmentally friendly technological innovation when the intensity of intellectual property protection is between the two thresholds.#br#This paper focuses on the impact of three types of environmental regulatory tools on environmentally friendly technological innovation, which can effectively solve the problem that environmental regulations are regarded as a whole and that different types of environmental regulatory tools have different characteristics are ignored. What's more it uses an improved dynamic panel threshold regression model to effectively deal with the endogenous problem of the model, and makes the research conclusions closer to reality, more scientific and effective.#br#In turn, this research provides more targeted theoretical guidance for government departments to implement environmental governance through the use of different regulatory tools. It incorporates the strength of intellectual property protection as a threshold variable into the research system of environmental regulation tools and environmentally friendly technological innovation, which can make up for the disconnection in the previous literature that separates environmental regulation from intellectual property protection. Therefore it helps to understand the complex and nonlinear endogenous relationship of intellectual property protection in the impact of environmental regulation on technological innovation. #br# Meanwhile the demerits of this research lies in two aspects. Firstly, this paper analyzes the statistical data of various provinces in China without considering the impact of regional differences, industry heterogeneity and other factors. Therefore, in the future, we will focus on the external factors causing the differences of environmental regulation. Secondly, based on the availability of data, this paper has some limitations in the selection of measurement indicators of public participation environmental regulation tools. The selected indicators can only indirectly reflect the public participation environmental regulation tools. Therefore, we can further carry out comprehensive research and calculation on public environmental awareness in the future, and strive to adopt a more practical and detailed index system.#br#

    Sun Bing,Xu Yang,Kang Min. Environmental Regulation Tools and Environmentally Friendly Technological Innovation:Double Threshold Effect of Intellectual Property Protection[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 20-28., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021050652.

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    • Regional Scientific Development
  • Influence of City Intellectual Management on Sustainable Development
    Yu Dengke,Huang Xiaoyan
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 29-38. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021050545
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    In the new era, China's urbanization process is accelerating. Urbanization has brought new logic, new opportunities and new drivers to China's economic development. However, urbanization has also brought some systemic problems. In order to deal with the problems and realize sustainable development, Chinese government proposes to modernize municipal social governance. Nevertheless, how to innovate municipal social governance lacks in-depth academic exploration at present.#br#The study proposes the idea of city intellectual management by introducing intellectual management theory in organizational field into city governance. For sustainable urban development, both knowledge and personality capital are indispensable, and they complement each other in structure and promote each other in function. Therefore, urban intellectual management is committed to promoting the coupling and coordination between knowledge management and character management in cities, which is specifically reflected in the co-direction, synchronization, association, collaboration and interaction mechanism between the two. Intellectual management enhances the growth of cities′ knowledge and personality capital and then promotes their sustainable developments.#br#The study focuses on answering the following research questions. First, can the knowledge capital and personality of a city form the main driving factors for its sustainable development? Second, how much impact does the coupling degree and coordination degree of urban knowledge capital and personality have on urban sustainable development? In order to answer the above questions, we follow the following three research steps. First, we evaluate the levels of urban knowledge capital, personality capital and sustainable development; second, we measure the degree of coupling coordination between knowledge and personality capital; and lastly we measure the effect of urban intellectual management on urban sustainable development.#br#We complete the evaluation process by develop a method through the combination of entropy weight and TOPSIS, and construct a coupling coordination degree model to measure the degree of coupling and coordination. Thirty provincial capital cities or municipalities are taken as samples to support the empirical analysis. Furthermore, we measure the impacts by using linear regression, ridge regression method and Sobel test procedure. #br#The study reveals the positive roles of knowledge capital, personality capital as well as their coupling coordination degree in the increasing of sustainable development capacity. It is found that the thirty provincial capitals or municipalities in mainland China still have great potential in the development of knowledge capital and personality, which needs further improvement of the level of urban sustainable development; there is a high correlation between urban knowledge capital, personality capital and sustainable development level, especially the consistency between personality capital and sustainable development level; the personality capital and its square term and the coupling coordination degree between personality and knowledge capital have been proved to be the main factors to promote the level of urban sustainable development; however, urban knowledge capital has no significant direct influence on sustainable development.#br#By introducing the intellectual management theory of enterprise organization into the modernization practice of municipal social governance, the intellectual management theory of municipal society can be developed. The core points of the theory include three aspects. The first is the combined application, cooperative governance of knowledge management and character management, which constitute the main content of municipal intellectual management. The next refers to two intangible resources, i.e. knowledge and personality capital, which constitute the core driving factors of urban sustainable development. The third is the coupling and coordination between knowledge capital and personality capital which generates the sustainable mechanism of urban development.#br#We therefore put forward the following three countermeasures for the promotion of city's sustainable development from the perspective of city intellectual management. First, cities can explore ways to promote and enhance the modernization of municipal social governance from the perspective of strengthening the coordination between knowledge management and character management. Second, cities should strive to build a coupling and coordinated development mechanism of knowledge capital and personality capital, so that they can balance, promote and transform each other to promote sustainable urban development. Finally, the conception of urban intellectual management remains theoretical, and it may have various structures and application patterns in practice. Different cities, especially cities in different regions, should formulate appropriate intellectual management strategies and programs according to their respective development situation and relative advantages and disadvantages.#br#The limitations of this study are mainly reflected in three aspects. First, the sample size of provincial capital cities or municipalities is small. Next in the construction of the index system, a compromise has been made on the science and feasibility, and a few indexes still need to be considered and optimized and; third, although time window is taken into account, this study is still a research result based on cross-section data in essence, and lacks causality analysis based on longitudinal data. Therefore, we will focus on the optimization and improvement of samples, indicators, data and other aspects in the future, so as to obtain more scientific and reliable research results for providing more abundant and universal evidence for the theory of municipal intellectual management.#br#

    Yu Dengke,Huang Xiaoyan. Influence of City Intellectual Management on Sustainable Development[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 29-38., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021050545.

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  • Does China′s OFDI Improve Green Innovation of Countries along the Belt and Road?
    Lun Xiaobo,Han Yun
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 39-48. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021050174
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    China is devoted to building a dual circulation development pattern in which domestic economic cycle plays a leading role while international economic cycle remains its extension and supplement. On the one hand, we consolidate domestic high-quality development momentum. On the other hand, we actively promote a new pattern of high-level opening-up and respond to the adverse impact of anti-globalization. In particular, the achievements of the Belt and Road Initiative are obvious to all. In the post-epidemic era, the Belt and Road countries have shown stronger cooperation intentions and development resilience. With the rapid development of China′s OFDI, how China′s OFDI affects the environment of countries along the route has become a controversial issue that needs to be resolved urgently. Thus, this paper attempts to answer the following four research questions: (1) What are the effects of China′s OFDI on green innovation of countries along the Belt and Road? (2) What functional mechanism brings about these effects? (3)Will the level of connectivity between the countries along the route and China promote the effects of China′s OFDI? (4)What are the differences in countries of different income groups? The answers to these questions will help clarify China′s role in the green development of countries along the Belt and Road and provide new empirical evidence for the study of the economic consequences of the Belt and Road Initiative.#br#Based on a panel data of countries along the Belt and Road between 2003 and 2019, the paper utilizes advanced econometric measures such as fixed effects and mediating effect model to answer the four questions and accomplish its objectives. At the same time, this paper employs instrumental variables to eliminate the endogeneity problem of the model. It also replaces measurement indicators in order to check the robustness of the results. The results reveal that China′s OFDI has a positive contribution to green innovation of countries along the Belt and Road. The mechanism test shows that China′s OFDI mainly plays its role through the green technology spillover mechanism and economic growth mechanism. The effect has been significantly enhanced by the connectivity and the effect mainly occurs in high-income countries. This conclusion is still valid after replacing measurement indicators and using instrumental variables. The 2SLS techniques were employed to produce unbiased results. China′s OFDI is instrumented with historical mutual trust relationship between China and countries along the route. The research clarifies China′s role in the green development of countries along the Belt and Road, and provides a valuable reference for green recovery and maintaining a virtuous circle of international economy when the global governance structure changes.#br#This paper seeks to make the following contributions based on the existing literature. Firstly, based on the perspective of China′s economic development, many studies have examined the effects of foreign direct investment on China′s environment, confirming the reverse technology spillover effects of China′s OFDI. These studies ignore the effects of China′s OFDI on countries along the route. Different from previous literature, this paper innovatively studies the effect of China′s OFDI on green innovation in countries along the Belt and Road. This paper provides evidence for understanding the role of China′s OFDI. Secondly, from the perspective of the influence mechanism, this paper makes a comprehensive interpretation on how China′s OFDI affects green innovation in countries along the route with the background of the new era of green development. Finally, based on the level of connectivity and income, this paper discusses differentiation effects of China′s OFDI, which provides ideas for formulating differentiated green innovation cooperation programs.#br#This paper gives the following policy suggestions. First, the improvement of green innovation system in all respects has laid a solid foundation for the realization of the role of China′s OFDI. Specifically, on the one hand, we need to concentrate resources to accelerate breakthroughs in cutting-edge technologies. On the other hand, we need to grasp the opportunity of a new round of industrial chain transition, build an innovation chain based on the industrial chain, and empower the transformation and application of green innovation. Second, connectivity has profoundly affected the effects of China′s OFDI. We need to promote connectivity which in all respects requires both hard connectivity such as infrastructure construction and soft connectivity to build a green community of countries along the route. Third, China′s OFDI has differentiated effects on green innovation in countries with different income groups, therefore it requires international cooperation with full consideration of the resource endowments, international division of labor, and historical conditions of countries along the route.#br#

    Lun Xiaobo,Han Yun. Does China′s OFDI Improve Green Innovation of Countries along the Belt and Road?[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 39-48., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021050174.

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    • Industrial Technological Progress
  • Misallocation of R&D Resources and Loss of Green Innovation Efficiency: A Empirical Analysis Based on Data of China's High-tech Industries
    Zhao Yulin,Liu Chao,Pan Maomao
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 49-59. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021060715
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    Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has achieved rapid growth through an extensive development model, and has become the second largest economy in the world. However, it is accompanied by excessive consumption of the ecological environment, which has caused a non-negligible impact on people's living environment. According to the "2018 Global Environmental Performance Index", China's environmental performance index ranks the 120th among 180 economies, and its air quality index ranks only 177th, which reflects the current imbalance between China's economic development and ecological civilization construction. The problem stands out. The construction of ecological civilization is related to the sustainable development of China. Under the current economic development environment, the realization of green innovation is of great practical significance to the realization of high-quality development of the Chinese economy. As a strategic industry that determines national competitiveness, high-tech industry has the characteristics of high investment, rapid development, high proportion of scientific research personnel and strong penetration into other industries. The level of its innovation capability has an important impact on China's innovation-driven strategic transformation. According to existing research, the TFP of China's high-tech industries in 2014 was only 37.6% of that of the United States. Resource misallocation is considered to be the main reason for this difference in production efficiency. Hsieh et al also pointed out that if the resource allocation efficiency of China's manufacturing industry could be comparable to the level of the United States, TFP would be increased by 30% -50%. This reflects that the gap between China and developed countries is not only at the technical level, but also cannot be ignored in the efficiency of resource allocation, which means that there needs great improvement for the efficiency of green innovation by improving resource misallocation. Based on this, this paper takes the high-tech industry as the research object, starts from the perspective of R&D resource mismatch, and studies the loss of green innovation efficiency caused by it, so as to provide theoretical reference and policy inspiration for improving China's high-tech industry R&D resource mismatch and improving green innovation efficiency.#br#This paper uses the panel data of 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of China's high-tech industries from 2000 to 2018 to measure and analyze the green innovation efficiency, R&D resource mismatch and green innovation efficiency of China's high-tech industries. In terms of research methods, this paper first adopts the literature analysis method. By sorting out and commenting on the existing literature, the research direction of this paper is obtained, and the influence mechanism of the R&D resource misallocation caused by the loss of green innovation efficiency is revealed, and the theoretical basis of this paper is constructed. In the empirical link, the Super-SBM and HK models are used to measure and analyze the current situation of green innovation efficiency and R&D resource mismatch in China's high-tech industries, using the systematic GMM method to empirically test the impact of R&D resource mismatch on green innovation efficiency. On this basis, the counter-factual empirical method is used to measure the degree of efficiency loss.#br#The research conclusions of this paper are as follows. (1) From 2000 to 2018, although the green innovation efficiency of China's high-tech industries showed a rising trend, the overall level was still low, and there was room for improvement. The average green innovation efficiency was only 0.462, and the average increase The speed is 12.6%. (2) China's high-tech industries have obvious mismatches of R&D resources. The average mismatches of R&D capital and R&D manpower are 1.42 and 1.33, respectively, which are all over-allocated. (3) The mismatch of R&D resources has a significant inhibitory effect on the efficiency of green innovation. As a whole, the loss value of green innovation efficiency in China's high-tech industries is 0.0614. By eliminating the mismatch of R&D resources, the efficiency of green innovation is increased by 26.4%.#br#The innovations of this paper mianly cover three aspects. Firstly, the influence mechanism of the R&D resource misallocation resulting in the loss of green innovation efficiency is revealed. Secondly a more scientific measure of green innovation efficiency in high-tech industries is designed. Lastly the loss value of green innovation efficiency caused by the mismatch of R&D resources in China's high-tech industry is measured.#br#

    Zhao Yulin,Liu Chao,Pan Maomao. Misallocation of R&D Resources and Loss of Green Innovation Efficiency: A Empirical Analysis Based on Data of China's High-tech Industries[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 49-59., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021060715.

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  • Research on the Impact of NEIT Industry Network Structure on Technology Diversification:based on the Threshold Effect of Technical Structure
    Zhu Xuefeng,Wang Zhuo,Yang Huixuan
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 60-68. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021060525
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    Based on the patent citation data of NEIT industry from 2010 to 2019, this paper constructs the utilizing degree centrality and structural holes index to reveal the influence and action mode of network structure evolution on technology diversification. The technology diversification is divided into core technology exploitation and non-core technology exploration. In the case of non-core technology, the innovation subject are more inclined to control the knowledge spillover risk by governance means than ability profit strategy; as for core technology, it not only occupies the intermediary position of the structural hole to obtain information resources, but also obtains potential benefits by improving the absorption and transformation ability of heterogeneous knowledge to form path dependence and reduce the rigidity of core technology capabilities. Furthermore, the degree centrality has a triple threshold effect on the core technology with technical structure as the threshold variable, and has significant double threshold effect on the core technology and negative hindering effect on the core technology development. Meanwhile it has a significant double threshold effect on non-core technology, presenting as an inverted U-shaped relationship. Thus this paper proposes to solve the scientific problems mainly in two aspects: how does the combined utility of network structure affect the enterprise technology diversification? How can enterprises take the advantage of network structure to choose the diversified technology development strategy to conquer the key core technology and achieve the integrated innovation between different enterprises? As technology diversification has dynamic characteristics of changes in technology innovation, it is vital to probe into the above problems to open up the diversified industrial chain and promote the development of the industry-university-research deep integration technology innovation system with diversified network structure and complementary advantages.#br#Therefore this paper reveals the influence mechanism of patent reference network structure and technology diversification by exploring the interaction relationship between centrality and structural hole in the network structure. Based on the panel data of the new generation information technology industry from 2010 to 2019, this paper expands the research perspective of the impact of network structure on technological diversification, establishes a nonlinear dynamic threshold regression model, and verifies the constraint effect of technological structure according to the nonlinear threshold characteristics of network structure on technological diversification under different conditions. It also reveals the influencing factors and mechanisms of technological diversification from both theoretical and empirical aspects. It aims to provide theoretical support and practical reference for enhancing the competitiveness of China's new-generation of information technology industry and effectively promoting the technology innovation and diversified development of the new-generation of information technology enterprises.#br#The mechanism, influencing factors and action relationship of the network structure on the evolution of technology diversification are explored, and the following main conclusions are drawn.First, in the influence of degree centrality on the core technology, 0.281-0.357 is the relative optimal interval of the technical structure threshold index.The increase of the threshold variable has a positive impact on the non-core technology. When the threshold variable is greater than 0.559, the influence coefficient drops to 0.347 3, indicating that under the influence of the excessive threshold variable, the structural hole will instead inhibit the non-core technology development, leading to the weakened promotion effect of the structural hole on the non-core technology. By virtue of occupying the intermediary position of the structural hole, the innovation subject can obtain the advantages of the quantity and efficiency of homogeneous knowledge, eliminate the knowledge spillover of competitors, and thus macro-control resources in the aspects of resource integration and information control. As the cognitive ability of innovation subject of core technological knowledge weakens, innovations subject are no longer limited to occupy the intermediary position of structural hole to obtain information resources, but to improve the absorption and transformation ability of heterogeneous knowledge into path dependence, and reduce the rigidity of core technological ability to obtain potential benefits.Second, the differences between the core and non-core technology determine the evolution of the network structure. Through patent reference, innovation subjects can focus on low connectivity, strong connectivity and technological breadth between innovation subjects, strengthen the heterogeneous redundant knowledge of innovation subjects, stimulate and improve the knowledge sharing and absorption capacity of innovation subjects, and realize the innovation between large and medium-sized enterprises and innovation host and object. When the degree centrality is the core explanatory variable, the joint effect of the degree centrality and the structural hole has a positive impact on the core technology, and the structural holes have a significant negative effect on the core technology.#br#

    Zhu Xuefeng,Wang Zhuo,Yang Huixuan. Research on the Impact of NEIT Industry Network Structure on Technology Diversification:based on the Threshold Effect of Technical Structure[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 60-68., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021060525.

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    • Enterprise Innovation Management
  • Analysis of the Influence Path of Voluntary Information Disclosure on Enterprise Technological Innovation
    Gao Minghua,Liu Bobo
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 69-79. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021090199
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Information disclosure is an important institutional arrangement to protect investors' rights and interests by solving information asymmetry. Information disclosure is not only to reduce the investment risk of investors, but also to help investors focus on and support the technological innovation of enterprises. Technological innovation is an important factor for the sustainable development of enterprises. Compared with other investments, innovation projects are characterized by high investment risk, high degree of uncertainty and long lag period of returns, which makes enterprises vulnerable to external financing constraints and internal agency problems in innovation activities. Information asymmetry is the root cause of the above problems. Therefore, how to alleviate information asymmetry, reduce financing constraints and agency conflicts is very important to effectively improve the level of enterprise technological innovation. Based on the theory of information economics, enterprises can improve their transparency by disclosing more information about their current business strength and future development potential to investors. The existing research on the relationship between information disclosure and enterprise technological innovation is still in its infancy, there is little relevant literature, and most of them regard information disclosure as a whole, or analyze the impact of mandatory information disclosure on innovation separately, while few scholars pay attention to the research on the relationship between voluntary information disclosure and technological innovation. In practice, mandatory information disclosure can hardly meet the rational investment needs of investors, while voluntary information disclosure can make up for this defect. This paper focuses on the impact of voluntary information disclosure on the technological innovation of listed companies in China, and discusses its mechanism from two perspectives of financing and governance, so as to make up for the shortcomings of existing research.#br#This paper takes China's A-share listed companies from 2013 to 2020 as the research sample, uses the voluntary information disclosure index developed by the authors to empirically test the impact and mechanism of voluntary information disclosure on enterprise technological innovation, and explores the moderating effect of internal and external corporate governance factors on this relationship. The results show that voluntary information disclosure significantly improves the technological innovation level of enterprises. The external governance environment and internal governance mechanism will affect the positive relationship between voluntary information disclosure and enterprise technological innovation. Specifically, the marketization process, the nature of non-state-owned property rights and the executive stock incentive will strengthen the promotion effect of voluntary information disclosure on enterprise technological innovation. The moderating effects of controlling shareholder’s shareholding, board structure, board behavior and executive compensation incentive are not obvious. The empirical results of the influencing mechanism show that voluntary information disclosure can alleviate the inhibition effect of the first type of agency problem and external financing constraints on enterprise technological innovation, and thus promote enterprise technological innovation. This study provides empirical evidence of the causal relationship between voluntary information disclosure and enterprise technological innovation, which has strong enlightenment significance on how to promote the sustainable development of enterprises and build an innovative country in the new era.#br#Therefore, we can get the following policy enlightenment. First, regulators should encourage listed companies to make more voluntary information disclosure, and at the same time strengthen market supervision of voluntary information disclosure in order to promote listed companies to improve the quality of voluntary information disclosure. Second, enterprises themselves should attach importance to the value of voluntary information disclosure in improving the level of technological innovation, and take the initiative to timely and accurately disclose more information that may have a material impact on investors’ investment decisions. Third, the shareholding ratio of controlling shareholders should be moderately reduced, the proportion of independent directors should be increased and the intervention of major shareholders should be significantly reduced to enhance the independence of the board of directors and enable the board of directors to make scientific decisions conducive to the long-term development of enterprises and the growth of long-term interests of shareholders, such as technological innovation. Fourth, the separation of chairman and general manager has been widely accepted, the independence of general manager’s daily operation decisions should be strengthened. As long as his decisions do not deviate from the strategic decisions of the board of directors, the chairman should not interfere so as to maximize the creative potential of general manager. Fifth, equity incentives for senior executives should be enhanced, especially stock options, so that their decisions should be based on the long-term development of the company and subject to the supervision of shareholders. Lastly the government should establish and improve laws and regulations, reduce government intervention in enterprises, allocate resources through the market, improve the level of regional financial development and create a good external governance environment for enterprises and improve the quality of voluntary information disclosure.#br#

    Gao Minghua,Liu Bobo. Analysis of the Influence Path of Voluntary Information Disclosure on Enterprise Technological Innovation[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 69-79., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021090199.

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  • The Impact of Alliance Management Capabilities on Enterprise Disruptive Technological Innovation in the Digital Economy Era
    Li Fengshu,Xu Yingjie,Du Pengcheng,Xu Jianzhong
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 80-90. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2020080516
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    With the promotion of new technologies such as 5G networks and Artificial Intelligence (AI), the era of digital economy has arrived. However, in the era of the digital economy, a new round of industrial revolution is to take off, with industrial transformation and enterprise disruptive innovation becoming the new trend. Disruptive technological innovation is mainly based on non-mainstream markets, employing non-mainstream technologies to achieve cross-domain and cross-level technological breakthroughs and integration, thus promoting the optimization and upgrading of the innovation path and the ascent of the innovation value chain. It can be seen that disruptive technological innovation differs from incremental technological innovation in that it has an unpredictable innovation cycle, a high risk of innovation, and a consistently high cost of innovation. In such cases, companies usually respond to the scarcity of resources for disruptive technological innovation and the lack of innovation capacity by choosing partners and establishing alliances to obtain innovation resources. However, studies have pointed out that there are differences in corporate culture, organizational practices and benefit distribution among members of innovation alliances, and more than 60% of enterprise alliances end up in failure. Therefore, in the face of the failure of innovation alliances, which is detrimental to enterprise disruptive technological innovation, scholars believe that effective alliance management capabilities, as an ability to maintain, develop and upgrade inter-firm relationships, are conducive to the sustainable cooperation among the subjects of innovation alliance. Therefore, based on the above background, this paper constructs the relationship model between alliance management capabilities and enterprise disruptive technological innovation. In addition, the impact of alliance management capability on enterprise disruptive technological innovation is not a single mechanism of action, but should include both mediating mechanisms and moderating influences. Based on dynamic theory, this paper selects knowledge flow as the mediating variable and knowledge reconstruction ability as the moderating variable to further study the influence mechanism of alliance management capabilities on the enterprise disruptive technological innovation. #br#This paper conducts a questionnaire to obtain research data mainly targeting high-tech companies implementing disruptive technological innovation, involving electronic information industry, biopharmaceutical industry, new materials and high-tech service industry, etc. The research objects are mainly middle and senior managers and some R&D personnel of emerging high-tech enterprises in China. A final sample of 611 companies in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions of China, as well as 65 enterprises in Chengdu and Chongqing, were selected to obtain data for the study. It took three months to distribute questionnaires to 676 enterprises, and 451 valid questionnaires were collected with an effective rate of 66.7%. #br#This paper verifies the hypothesis by constructing the multiple linear regression model and hierarchical regression analysis. The findings are as follows. (1) Alliance management capabilities generally have a positive impact on enterprise disruptive technological innovation. (2) Knowledge flow plays a partial intermediary role between alliance management capabilities and enterprise disruptive technological innovation. (3) Knowledge reconstruction ability significantly and positively moderates the relationship between alliance management capabilities and knowledge flow. And also, the positive relationship between alliance management capabilities and enterprise disruptive technological innovation is actively moderated by knowledge reconstruction ability. #br#This paper integrates innovation alliances theory, knowledge management theory, and research results in the field of disruptive innovation. Its main contributions lie in three aspects. Firstly this paper explores the impact of alliance management capabilities on enterprises disruptive technological innovation from a holistic perspective of alliance management, expanding the study of antecedent variables of disruptive technological innovation. Secondly it explores the role of alliance management on knowledge flow and knowledge reconstruction from the dynamic perspective of alliance management, enriching the relevant research on knowledge management. Thirdly this study enriches the relevant research on innovation and entrepreneurship management in the era of digital economy, and has a positive reference for enterprises to implement disruptive technological innovation. In addition, the research results of the article also have instructive significance for the disruptive innovation activities of government organization in management practice. Government agencies should take full advantage of the digital and intelligent era, actively introduce favorable innovation policies, guide technological cooperation and interaction between enterprises and research institutions, and promote the cross-border flow of innovative knowledge to enable enterprises to achieve disruptive technological leapfrog development in the ever-changing digital economy era.#br#

    Li Fengshu,Xu Yingjie,Du Pengcheng,Xu Jianzhong. The Impact of Alliance Management Capabilities on Enterprise Disruptive Technological Innovation in the Digital Economy Era[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 80-90., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2020080516.

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  • The Study on the Inhibition and Its Immune Mechanism of Path Dependence on the Corporate Digital Entrepreneurship
    Li Wei,Ming Hewen,Pang Qingdan
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 91-100. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021080793
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    In recent years, with the accelerated innovation of technological methods including the Internet, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and block chain, etc, the digital technology has played an indispensable role in the process of economic and social development. Hence,it has become a strategic choice that firms grasp the new opportunities of the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation by devolping the digital economy. For Chinese firms(whether they are traditional manufacturing firms or new technology-based firms), it has also become a strategic path for incumbent companies to promote corporate entrepreneurship and build sustainable development advantages through using digital technology. However, firms may breed dependencies in terms of structure, competition and culture due to the specificity of corporate competitive assets, the rigidity of core competencies and the exclusion of team culture, which will inevitably weaken or even eliminate incumbent firms’ understanding and learning of digital technology, and then influence corporate digital entrepreneurship. Strategic alliance is an effective means for enterprises to acquire new knowledge, new technologies and new resources from the outside environments, which opens up the new horizons for enterprises to break through resource constraints and institutional barriers. As a kind of organizational improvisational behavior, resource bricolage is born with the constraints of time, space and pressure of resources, and its management logic of reintegrating resources will help enterprises to get rid of the path lock-in effect. Therefore, this study attempts to clarify the concept of corporate digital entrepreneurship（CDE）, and study how companies use strategic alliances and resource bricolage to alleviate or even eliminate the inhibitory effect of path-dependence on corporate digital entrepreneurship ( namely, the immune effects of CDE) based on the theory of organizational immunity and the perspective of internal and external analysis.#br#The study obtained data by questionnaires, and measured all concepts by borrowing or adapting from well-established tools. This research mainly collects data from enterprises in Chengdu-Chongqing, Beijing-Tianjin, Jiangsu-Shanghai, and Guangzhou-Shenzhen, and the survey lasted for three months. A total of 800 questionnaires were distributed. Of these, 358 valid questionnaires were recovered. The research uses regression analysis method to empirically analyze the inhibitory effect of path dependence and the immune effect of strategic alliance and resource bricolage.#br#The conclusion shows that there is a significantly negative relationship between path dependence and CDE, that is, the inhibitory effect of path dependence is confirmed. In addition, strategic alliance and resource bricolage can negatively moderate the negative relationship between path dependence and CDE, that is, the immune effect. These conclusions indicate that the strategic alliance and resource bricolage adopted by incumbent enterprises can help enterprises overcome the negative influence of path dependence, and promote enterprises to pay attention to and carry out digital entrepreneurial activities.#br#Different from traditional researches on corporate entrepreneurship, this research proposes the concept of CDE based on the realistic background of accelerating the construction of “The Digital China” and vigorously developing the digital economy, which not only innovates the research boundary of corporate entrepreneurship, but also enriches theoretical perspective of digital entrepreneurship. In addition, the research explores the inhibition and immune mechanism of path dependence on digital entrepreneurship based on the theory of organizational immunity, which enriches the cope of empirical research on path dependence. The conclusions have several management inspirations for incumbent firms to effectively overcome path dependence and promote the healthy development of CDE. Firstly, the digital entrepreneurs should fully understand the negative effects of path dependence. Secondly, from the perspective of external analysis, technology-based strategic alliances will help incumbent firms achieve breakthroughs in their competitive dependence, while market-based strategic alliances will help firms alleviate or even eliminate path dependence in terms of competition and culture. Finally, based on the perspective of internal analysis, exploitative resource bricolage can effectively counteract the negative effects caused by structural dependence, while exploratory resource bricolage has a strong immune effect on structural dependence and cultural dependence.#br#

    Li Wei,Ming Hewen,Pang Qingdan. The Study on the Inhibition and Its Immune Mechanism of Path Dependence on the Corporate Digital Entrepreneurship[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 91-100., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021080793.

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  • Is Urban Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Conducive to the Improvement of Enterprise Innovation Efficiency：Evidence from Listed Companies on STAR Market Board
    Li Zhiguang,Li Yaokuang
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 101-111. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2020120057
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    The establishment of a dual circulation development pattern in which domestic economic cycle plays a leading role while international economic cycle remains its extension and supplement is a major strategic measure for China to respond to the continuous spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resurgence of anti-globalization. Over the past two decades, China has achieved many innovations, but a large part of it is based on the huge demographic dividends, and the pursuit of hard technology innovation still requires continuous and unremitting efforts. Only by relying on independent innovation and breaking through the technical bottleneck issues can the domestic economic cycle be truly unblocked without being controlled by the U.S.. Therefore, how to actively mobilize and make use of the capital market, stabilize social and economic development, and promote continuous innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises is the key to China's sustainable economic growth.#br#This paper aims to measure the innovation efficiency of 65 Chinese enterprises registered on the STAR Market, and summarize the feasible efficiency improvement plans. The three-stage DEA method is used to calculate the innovation efficiency of the listed enterprises on the STAR Market and fsQCA is used for configuration analysis of determinants affecting innovation efficiency. We find the overall performance of innovation efficiency of listed enterprises is poor. The external environment for innovation and entrepreneurship, like policy environment, talent environment and financial support, can promote the improvement of enterprise innovation efficiency. While the regional GDP, financial subsidies and R&D are not conducive. The industrial environment and intermediary market are uncertain for the improvement of enterprise innovation efficiency. The realization paths of innovation efficiency of listed enterprises on STAR Market is composed of policy environment leading and intermediary market leading. The imbalance of urban innovation environment and lack of industrial environment and financial supports are the main reasons for low enterprise innovation efficiency. This study systematically analyzes the influences of the external institutional environment on the listed enterprises' innovation efficiency, and explains the internal logic and path for the enterprises to achieve the innovation efficiency from the perspective of configuration. These configurations are verified by the cases of existing listed companies, which can provide practical references for improving the innovation efficiency of scientific and technological enterprises.#br#Our theoretical contributions are mainly shown in the following two aspects. Firstly, we measure the innovation efficiency of listed companies on the STAR Market for the first time, taking full account of the influence of external environment to make the measurement results more accurate. Secondly, in view of the high degree of uncertainty and nonlinearity of causality in the process of enterprise innovation, we make the research results more convincing and explanatory from the perspective of configuration, which makes a certain contribution to the development of enterprise external environment theory.#br#In order to further optimize the allocation of innovation resources and improve innovation efficiency, this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions. Firstly, for enterprises dominated by external policy, in-depth research should be made on human resources to accelerate the training of new employees. Secondly, for enterprises dominated by intermediary market, the establishment of a trinity financing system with government support, multi-level capital market and bank interconnection is one of the ways to solve the financing needs of enterprises' innovative development. Thirdly, it is urgent to optimize industrial policies and talent policies for enterprises with unbalanced urban innovation environment, among which tax incentives and talent subsidies are one of the effective ways. Fourthly, for enterprises lacking industrial environment and financial support, the society should strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, improve the transformation mechanism of high-tech achievements, and provide more policy support to scientific and technological enterprises.#br#

    Li Zhiguang,Li Yaokuang. Is Urban Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Conducive to the Improvement of Enterprise Innovation Efficiency：Evidence from Listed Companies on STAR Market Board[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 101-111., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2020120057.

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    • Knowledge Science and Knowledge Engineering
  • The Affect of Component-architecture Knowledge Search and Its Ambidexterity on Enterprise Innovation Performance: The moderating Role of Innovation Strategy
    Yao Yanhong,Chen Yixian,Chen Huanhuan
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 112-120. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021030859
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    In the era of a knowledge economy, knowledge is increasingly becoming the key factor to promote innovation. However, it's difficult for enterprises to achieve technological breakthroughs and meet diversified market demands only by relying on internal knowledge accumulation. Searching and acquiring knowledge from outside has become a strategic choice for enterprises to enhance their innovation capabilities.#br#The influence of knowledge search on innovation performance of enterprises has always been the focus of academic research. Existing research has explored the influence of external knowledge search on innovation performance from the perspectives of knowledge search degree and search boundary. However, few scholars consider knowledge search from the perspective of knowledge structure. According to the content and characteristics of knowledge, Henderson divided the knowledge structure into two categories of component knowledge and architecture knowledge. Component knowledge is the knowledge about the core design concept of components. Architecture knowledge is the knowledge about the combination of component knowledge. From the new perspective of component-architecture knowledge search, it is of great significance to explore the differential influence of two types of knowledge search on innovation performance. Furthermore, due to the limited resources of enterprise, component/architecture knowledge search also competes for the limited resources and energy of enterprises. It will inevitably squeeze out the architecture knowledge search activity by paying too much attention to the component knowledge search activity , and vice versa. Therefore, how to coordinate the dual knowledge search and rationally allocate resources among different knowledge search strategies is related to the efficiency of innovation activities. However, present research on the balance of dual knowledge search is still in its infancy. Therefore, exploring the influence of knowledge search ambidexterity on enterprise innovation performance is of great significance for promoting the development of theory and guiding innovation practice.#br#Knowledge search activities are always embedded in certain situations. The effect of external knowledge search on innovation performance depends on whether it matches with internal and external factors of the enterprise. External knowledge search ultimately serves enterprise innovation activities, and its effectiveness will be influenced by enterprise innovation strategy such as exploratory /exploitative innovation. Therefore, it’s important to confirm whether the different choice of innovation strategies will affect the relationship between knowledge search and innovation performance. #br#To empirically examine the hypotheses, this paper collected a firm-level data set in the Chinese context. The survey object is technology-based enterprise, most of which pay attention to R&D investment and have urgent technological innovation needs. In this study, questionnaires were distributed and collected by on-site and online methods. Finally,we received 220 responses with a response rate of 73.3 per cent.We verify the hypothesis by constructing the multiple linear regression model.#br#The results show that component knowledge search has an inverted U-shaped effect on innovation performance, architectural knowledge search has a linear positive effect on innovation performance, knowledge search ambidexterity has a positive effect on innovation performance. knowledge Search strategy and innovation strategy are compatible, exploratory innovation positively moderates the relationship between component knowledge search and innovation performance, but does not have a significant moderating effect between architectural knowledge search and innovation performance; exploitative innovation positively regulates the relationship between architectural knowledge search and innovation performance, but does not have a significant moderating effect between component knowledge search and innovation performance .#br#This paper explores the influence of external knowledge search on innovation performance from the perspective of knowledge structure, enriching the perspective of knowledge search research. Specifically, based on organizational search theory and strategic synergy theory, this article explores the impact of component-architectural knowledge search on innovation performance. Furthermore, this article explores the moderating role of innovation strategy, which further promotes the research of organizational ambidexterity in the field of knowledge management.This study also provides theoretical guidance for the choice of knowledge search strategy and innovation strategy for companies.There is adaptability between knowledge search strategy and innovation strategy.Therefore, when making innovation strategies, enterprises should consider the ability of two kinds of knowledge search and attach importance to the synergy between them.#br#Although some new attempts have been made in this paper, there are still some limitations. First, this study only analyzes the moderating effect of innovation strategy on the influence of knowledge search strategy on enterprise innovation performance from the perspective of internal situation, and future research can also analyze from the perspective of external situation. Secondly, this study focuses on the direct effect of external knowledge search strategy on enterprise innovation performance, and future research can introduce intermediary variables such as knowledge integration and knowledge creation to explore the path of external knowledge search on enterprise innovation performance. Finally, although this paper explores the influence of ambidexterity knowledge search balance on enterprise innovation performance, it doesn't specifically divide the types of balance. Future research can further distinguish the balance dimension to test whether it has a differential influence on innovation performance.#br#

    Yao Yanhong,Chen Yixian,Chen Huanhuan. The Affect of Component-architecture Knowledge Search and Its Ambidexterity on Enterprise Innovation Performance: The moderating Role of Innovation Strategy[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 112-120., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021030859.

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  • Research on the Relationship Between Multidimensional Structures of External Knowledge Search and Innovation Quality
    Hu Die,She Maoyan,Yang Xue
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 121-130. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2020120549
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    With the acceleration of technological innovation and the shortening of product life cycle, continuous high-quality innovation has become necessary for the survival and development of enterprises. However, how to improve the quality of innovation has always been a difficult problem. It has been suggested that the essence of innovation is the process of generating new knowledge to solve problems by recombining heterogeneous knowledge elements. With the increasing complexity of technology and products, as well as the gradual refinement of the industrial chain, it is difficult for an individual enterprise to obtain the knowledge to solve all the problems. Thus, only by efficiently searching for external knowledge and fully integrating internal and external resources can it be possible to maintain innovation and enhance its competitiveness.#br#Although scholars have made a lot of explorations on how external knowledge search activities affect innovation from different perspectives, most of the studies only consider one or two dimensions of enterprise external knowledge search, ignoring its multidimensional characteristics. Actually, every external knowledge search activity of an enterprise needs to consider multiple dimensions. For example, a firm can choose to search for new or old knowledge (time dimension), local or foreign knowledge (geographical dimension), and similar or very different knowledge outside the domain (cognitive dimension), etc. Therefore, any research that separates the multidimensional external knowledge search may be far from the practice of enterprise knowledge search, resulting in the deviation or misjudgment. In addition, the differences between the search dimensions might also be ignored. For instance, the new and old knowledge can reflect the maturity of knowledge, and the regional differences in geographical distance and near implied knowledge, and the familiarity in cognition represents the degree of specialization of knowledge. The novelty knowledge elements brought to enterprises by different dimensions may be different, thus affecting the results of enterprise innovation. Therefore, when multiple dimensions and their differences are considered at the same time, it is worthy of further study how external knowledge search activities will affect the quality of enterprise innovation.#br#In this study, we first extract the most representative dimensions from extant literature, and define the multidimensional structure of external knowledge search. Then, we analyze the influence of different knowledge search structures on innovation quality. Finally, we select the invention patents of 63 American pharmaceutical listed enterprises and 173 Chinese pharmaceutical listed enterprises as samples. In this step, we use subsequent citations to describe the external knowledge search activities in the process of enterprise innovation, and use forward citation to characterize the quality of innovation results. The results show that: (1) Different search structures have different impact on innovation quality of enterprises. Any distant external knowledge search, especially along multiple dimensions at the same time, can cause higher innovation quality. (2) Different search dimensions have different effect on the output of enterprise innovation quality, and there are some differences in the performance of Chinese and American pharmaceutical firms. (3) For American pharmaceutical firms, the influence of three dimensions of knowledge search on innovation quality is as follows: cognitive dimension > time dimension > geographical dimension, while Chinese pharmaceutical companies are as follows: cognitive dimension > geographical dimension > time dimension. Results can help enterprises of two countries to conduct effective external knowledge search activities.#br#This study mainly has three contributions. First, the concept of multi-dimensional structure of external knowledge search is put forward from the overall perspective, which breaks through the original single research paradigm of one or two dimensions. It is expected to provide a new idea for external knowledge search research, so that the research conclusions have more realistic explanatory and predictive power. Second, on the basis of quantifying each search dimension, the external knowledge search structure of the enterprise is distinguished and visible, and the influence degree and difference of different search structure on the innovation quality are analyzed, which provides the theoretical basis for the comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the external knowledge search activities of the enterprise. Third, by comparing the influence of the external knowledge search structure of Chinese and American pharmaceutical enterprises on the quality of innovation, this paper reveals the differences of the external knowledge search of enterprises in different countries, and provides the scientific basis for the external knowledge search activities of enterprises in different situations.#br#

    Hu Die,She Maoyan,Yang Xue. Research on the Relationship Between Multidimensional Structures of External Knowledge Search and Innovation Quality[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 121-130., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2020120549.

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    • Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
  • CEO Power Intensity and Enterprises' Ambidexterity Innovation Investment： the Moderating Role of Marketization Level and Internal Control
    Shao Yinghong,Ding Qin,Bao Qing
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 131-140. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021020220
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the state has attached great importance to the innovation-driven strategy, and pointed out that innovation should be placed at the core of national development and that key technologies should be in our own hands. As the main body of technological innovation, enterprises' innovation achievements are largely affected by the types of innovation activities. Innovation activities are divided into exploratory innovation and utilization innovation according to their risk sharing and resource utilization. Exploratory innovation is related to the long-term development of enterprises, and utilization innovation is related to the short-term development of enterprises. As the executive team of the enterprise, how the CEO's power affects the choice of the enterprise's ambidextrous innovation strategy has important practical significance. In addition, most of the existing scholars' research focuses on the relationship between CEO power and corporate innovation investment, and often regard innovation as a homogeneous activity, and take CEO power as a single variable to analyze its impact on corporate innovation. The conclusions are often divergent. This paper distinguishes the dimension of CEO power and the heterogeneity of innovation, and introduces the moderating effect of two internal and external factors, the level of marketization and internal control to clarify the inconsistent relationship between CEO power and corporate innovation in previous articles. The reason has certain theoretical value.#br#This paper takes the marketization level and internal control as moderating variables , and uses the CSI high-tech enterprise index constituent stocks from 2014 to 2017 as the data to establish a multiple linear regression model to study the relationship between the CEO's power intensity and the enterprise's ambidextrous innovation investment decision. The following conclusions are drawn. (1) CEO power intensity promotes enterprise innovation investment. (2) By subdividing the dimension of CEO power intensity, it is found that structural power has a more significant inhibitory effect on exploratory innovation investment than utilization innovation investment, and ownership power, expert power and reputation power have more significant promoting effect on exploratory innovation investment. (3) Compared with exploratory innovation investment, the moderating effect of marketization level on CEO power intensity and exploitative innovation investment is more significant; compared with exploitative innovation investment, internal control The moderating effect on CEO power intensity and exploratory innovation investment is more significant.#br#This paper combines CEO power with ambidextrous innovation investment, takes CEO power intensity as the starting point, studies the effect of various dimensions of CEO power intensity on enterprise ambidextrous innovation investment, and considers the multi-dimensionality of CEO power and the heterogeneity of enterprise innovation to explore the reasons for the inconsistent relationship between CEO power and corporate innovation in previous studies. This paper adds the moderating role of marketization level and internal control, considers the factors that affect CEO strategy implementation from both internal and external aspects, deconstructs the role path of CEO power intensity affecting the enterprise's dual innovation investment, and verifies the marketization level and internal control adjustment effect. This study combines principal-agent theory and resource dependence theory with higher-order theory to explain the relationship between CEO power intensity and enterprise ambidextrous innovation investment, and strengthens the explanation of higher-order theory in the field of enterprise ambidextrous innovation.#br#This paper has the following innovations. Theoretically, this paper provides important practical significance for the ambidextrous innovation management of Chinese enterprises. Enterprises can adjust the various dimensions of CEO power intensity to change the investment in ambidextrous innovation. Enterprises choose areas with high marketization level to increase the enterprises' exploitative innovation investment and they can improve the internal control system to increase the investment of exploratory innovation.Practically, this study combines principal-agent theory and resource dependence theory with higher-order theory to explain the relationship between CEO power intensity and enterprise ambidextrous innovation investment, and strengthens the explanation of higher-order theory in the field of enterprise ambidextrous innovation. This paper provides practical guidance for companies to use CEO power to adjust the level of ambidextrous innovation investment.#br#

    Shao Yinghong,Ding Qin,Bao Qing. CEO Power Intensity and Enterprises' Ambidexterity Innovation Investment： the Moderating Role of Marketization Level and Internal Control[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 131-140., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021020220.

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  • Research on the Impact of Entrepreneurial Team Heterogeneity on Team Creativity: A Mediated Moderation Model
    Hou Fei,Su Yu,Zhang Zixuan,Qi Mingde
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 141-151. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021040393
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Recently, an increasing number of entrepreneurial firms have typically been operated not solely by solo entrepreneurs but rather by entrepreneurial teams. Increasing evidence shows that it is a widespread phenomenon for the foundation and operation of new ventures to be headed by entrepreneurial teams, particularly in high-tech industries. With team entrepreneurship becoming the main form of entrepreneurship, the impact of entrepreneurial team heterogeneity on team creativity has become an important issue in entrepreneurship research. #br#Although the existing research results generally support that team heterogeneity can affect team creativity, the effectiveness of team heterogeneity and underlying mechanism of this effectiveness are still controversial. In this respect, information and decision-making theories indicate that team heterogeneity could lead to increased cognitive processing and better utilization of information. However, some research findings have shown that team heterogeneity fails to always yield to desirable team outcomes such as team creativity. For instance, in light of self-categorization theory, team heterogeneity is likely to attenuate liking, effective communication, cohesiveness, and psychological attachment, and further increase conflict and turnover. Accordingly, these effects might negatively impact team processes and creativity. Extant research shows that the relationship between team heterogeneity and team creativity is more complex than previously thought. Heterogeneity only provides potential for the team creativity, which can be stimulated or inhibited, depending on situational factors. Team creativity is not limited to the individual thinking of team members. It is a dynamic process that depends on organizational interaction, which is affected by organizational situational factors. Thus, when exploring the relationship between team heterogeneity and team creativity, researchers need to pay attention to the influence of mediating or moderating variables.#br#Literatures mainly focus on the underlying mechanism of team interaction process variables (i.e., exchange of information, communication, learning, motivation and negotiation) in the process of transforming team heterogeneity into team creativity. However, few studies have explored the impact of creativity-specific group beliefs on team creativity in the organizational context. The creativity efficacy at the team level emphasizes building the team's common confidence in producing creative results and improving the team's creativity through collective interaction. In particular, entrepreneurial teams are more sensitive to risk, and thus need more common belief and confidence. As such, team creativity efficacy plays a more important role in entrepreneurial teams. Indeed, there is little research on the mediating role of team creativity efficacy between entrepreneurial team heterogeneity and team creativity. Therefore, this study empirically explores the mediating mechanism of team innovation efficacy based on social cognitive theory.#br#The creativity literature indicates that leadership is a key aspect of the context that could influence team creativity. As one of the most influential leadership theories, transformational leadership is theorized to enhance team outputs. In this regard, some researchers denoted that transformational leadership can enhance the creativity of individuals, teams and organizations. However, other researchers argued that transformational leaders pay more attention to the overall interests and welfare of the team, which may reduce the motivation of team members to search for valuable information and weaken the creativity of team members, thus resulting in attenuating the team creativity. Additionally, whether transformational leadership has an impact on the relationship between team heterogeneity and team cognitive constructs also needs further research. Therefore, this study will deeply explore whether and how transformational leadership affects the relationship between entrepreneurial team heterogeneity and team creativity.#br#Along this reasoning, this study takes transformational leadership and team creativity efficacy into the relationship model between entrepreneurial team heterogeneity and team creativity, and proposes a mediated moderation model. Specifically, the research team distributed questionnaires to members of entrepreneurial teams from Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entrepreneurial and Creative Parks in China, mainly in the industries of telecommunication, electronics, bioengineering, informational technology and service consultation. The structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses show that entrepreneurial team heterogeneity has a positive impact on team creativity; meanwhile, it further confirms that team creativity efficacy plays a mediating role between entrepreneurial team heterogeneity and team creativity; in addition, transformational leadership plays a negative moderating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial team heterogeneity and team creativity efficacy; in particular, the interaction between transformational leadership and entrepreneurial team heterogeneity affects team creativity via team creativity efficacy, thus, there is a mediated moderating effect. #br#This study is based on team level variables to explore the influence mechanism of entrepreneurial team heterogeneity on team creativity. The research conclusion has important practical significance for deepening the understanding of entrepreneurial team heterogeneity and its mechanism, and promoting entrepreneurial team creativity.#br#

    Hou Fei,Su Yu,Zhang Zixuan,Qi Mingde. Research on the Impact of Entrepreneurial Team Heterogeneity on Team Creativity: A Mediated Moderation Model[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 141-151., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021040393.

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  • Research on the Influence Mechanism of Team Cohesion of Undergraduate Entrepreneurship Team Based on Grounded Theory
    Wang Congying,Zhao Shuming,Qin Weiping,Ding Mingzhi
    SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY. 2022, 39(4): 152-160. https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2021060402
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Undergraduate entrepreneurship is the process of entrepreneurship taking special groups of college students and graduated college students as the primary part. In order to fully realize the 14th Five-year Plan and 2035 vision goals，China has promoted the policy of strengthening employment and improved the guarantee system of improving business start-ups in order to expand employment and encourage flexible employment. At the same time, the general background of “unblocking major domestic circulation and promoting both domestic and international circulation” brought new opportunities for undergraduate entrepreneurship. On the one hand, entrepreneurship is a high-risk activity. Several factors, such as environmental uncertainty, resource scarcity and information authenticity, make undergraduate individual entrepreneurship difficult. On the other hand, the entrepreneurial undergraduate team has clear goals, a flexible organizational structure, and effective ways of collaboration among members. Therefore, team mode of risk sharing, resource complementary and information sharing has become an important form of undergraduate entrepreneurship.#br#Team cohesion is not only the basis for the existence of undergraduate entrepreneurship team, but also the assurance of achieving team goals and improving team functions. Good team cohesion is beneficial to cultivating innovative thinking of entrepreneurial team members and promote high performance team outcome output. The lack of cohesion of entrepreneurial team is an important reason for the failure of undergraduate entrepreneurship. When an entrepreneurial team encounters difficulties, members often lack a mutual understanding of the team's goals and lead to the team's dissolution. When the entrepreneurial team is successful, members find it difficult to maintain cooperation due to the uneven distribution of benefits. Most undergraduate entrepreneurship teams break up or even disband at the early stage of their cooperation because “they can neither share the joys nor the sorrows”.#br#This paper takes the undergraduate entrepreneurship team that has been the major force in innovation and entrepreneurship as the research object, explores the factors affecting team cohesion and uses the grounded theory approach. The paper also discusses external intervention measures to enhance the cohesion of entrepreneurial teams to promote the theoretical and practical work of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities. #br#Our research conducted in-depth interviews with six entrepreneurship teams and 24 team members. We construct a theoretical model of working event and working environment activation-cognitive evaluation-emotional reaction-attitude formation, including 17 sub-categories such as recognition of common interests and 5 main-categories such as the influence of working events to explain the influencing factors of team cohesion of undergraduate entrepreneurship team. Next, we apply affective event theory and emotional attribution theory to explain the deep reasons. Finally, we discuss the external intervention measures to enhance the cohesion of undergraduate entrepreneurship teams. The management implications of this study are as follows. Firstly, we should create a series of work events to reshape the common values of undergraduate entrepreneurship teams. Secondly, entrepreneurial team leaders show weakness appropriately and establish informal emotional connections with the team members. Thirdly, we should create a good working environment and activate the cohesion of undergraduate entrepreneurship teams. Lastly, team leaders should actively guide the development of benign emotions and timely handle bad emotions and negative mood of team members.#br#The existing research on the influencing factors of team cohesion are diverse, and conclusions are not consistent. This study constructs a complete and systematic theoretical framework to explore the influencing mechanism of undergraduate entrepreneurship team cohesion. Team cohesion is a dynamic development process. This study explores the dynamic influence mechanism of undergraduate entre- preneurship team cohesion from different periods (creation period, shock period, specification period, implementation period and termination period). This study answers the questions about how the team cohesion of undergraduate entrepreneurship team come into being, what factors affect it, and what the formation mechanism is, and further enriches the research context and cross-cultural research of team cohesion.#br#

    Wang Congying,Zhao Shuming,Qin Weiping,Ding Mingzhi. Research on the Influence Mechanism of Team Cohesion of Undergraduate Entrepreneurship Team Based on Grounded Theory[J]. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY, 2022, 39(4): 152-160., doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2021060402.

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