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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY

	2021 Vol.38 Issue.17 Published 2021-09-10

	Innovation in Science and Technology Management Regional Scientific Development Industrial Technological Progress Enterprise Innovation Management Review Sci-tech Talent Cultivation "The 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China" Special Issue

"The 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China" Special Issue

	1	Interests, Ideas and Structure: The Centennial Evolution of the Chinese Communist Party's Scientific and Technological Innovation Discourse
		Cao Weiwei
		From the three dimensions of interest, concept, and structure, it examines the structural power of the Chinese Communist Party's scientific and technological innovation discourse over the past century. It can be found that "interests" are the rational basis for its occurrence. National and national interests have different manifestations in different historical development stages, resulting in different technological innovation discourse strategy choices. "Concept" is the value orientation of its occurrence, which continuously endows scientific and technological innovation with socialist political value, and provides value norms and value guidance to scientific and technological innovation. "Structure" is the condition of its occurrence. Under the influence of external environmental structure and internal social structure, it has undergone changes from self-reliance, digestion and absorption to independent innovation, from government-led, market-led to joint operation, and from the mass paradigm.The change from professional paradigm to system paradigm. The evolution of the Chinese Communist Party's scientific and technological innovation discourse itself is a dialectical process, showing the characteristics of connection and integrity, structure and initiative, continuity and stage. Facing the future, it is still necessary to further strengthen the conscious planning and conscious practice of discourse, and strive to build a scientific and technological innovation discourse system that matches and adapts to the interests of our country and people, socialist ideology, and social internal and external structures.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 1-9 [Abstract] ( 415 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1266KB] ( 346 )

	10	The Experience and Enlightenment of the Communist Party of China in Promoting the Coordinated Development of Economy and National Defense Construction
		Fang Wei, Feng Qiliang
		Civil-military integration is a major innovation of Chinese Communist Party in the long-term exploration of the coordinated development of national defense and economic development. It is a major decision to achieve both development and security , a major measure to accelerate the process of socialist modernization and provides a fundamental basis for the realization of a prosperous country and a strong military. Based on the time node of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and marching towards the second centenary goal, this article summarizes five historical leaps in the past 100 years under the leadership of the Communist Party of China from the infancy stage to the national strategy of civil-military integration. The successful experience of development is summarized as always adhering to the guiding role of advanced scientific theories, adhering to the leading position of Communist Party of China, adhering to the coordinated development of national defense construction and social economy, and adhering to the spirit of reform, innovation and advancing with The Times. Under the new development stage, new development concepts are used to promote high-quality economic development, and civil-military integration should provide fundamental impetus for industrial structure adjustment with deeper reforms and higher-level technological innovations, and provide enlightenment for the in-depth development of civil-military integration during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 10-18 [Abstract] ( 388 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1473KB] ( 484 )

Innovation in Science and Technology Management

	19	The Impact of Basic Research Development on Technological Innovation: Based on the Perspective of Optimal R&D Structure
		Zhang Longpeng, Zhong Yilin
		Based on China's provincial-level data from 1998 to 2019, this paper empirically studied the impact of basic research development on technological innovation from the perspective of the optimal R&D structure.The research results show that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between basic research development and technological innovation, which shows that there is an optimal proportion of basic research.The integrated development of basic research and applied research helps promote technological innovation.In different stages of economic development, in order to promote technological innovation, the proportion of optimal basic research required is different.The proportion of optimal basic research required in the eastern region is higher than that in the central and western regions.Any deviation from the actual proportion of basic research that deviates from the optimal proportion of basic research will result in a loss of technological innovation.The actual proportion of basic research in the eastern region is lower than its optimal proportion of basic research.Therefore, the loss of technological innovation in the eastern region is greater than that in the central and western regions.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 19-25 [Abstract] ( 471 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1428KB] ( 422 )

	26	The Impact of Patent Characteristics on Joining the Patent Pool：An Empirical Study Based on MPEG LA
		Lai Liubin, Zhang Yunsheng
		Patent with what characteristics is more likely to join the patent pool? Based on the 1073 essential patents in patent pools of MPEGLA and 1073 non-essential patents, the paper studies the impact of patent scope, lifetime and citation on being an essential patent in patent pools.The results show technology coverage, geographic scope, maintenance time, patent backward and forward citation have a significant positive impact on joining the patent pool; length of authorization and non-patent backward citation have a significant negative impact, while number of claims has no significant impact on joining the patent pool.It is of great significance to the writing of enterprise patent documents, the application for joining the patent pool, and the patent evaluation of patent pool organizations.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 26-33 [Abstract] ( 281 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1262KB] ( 302 )

	34	On the Connotation of High-Quality Patent and the Choice of Cultivation Path：Based on the Perspective of the Establishment of "Strategic Outline for a Powerful Country with Intellectual Property"
	')" href="#">	Deng Heng,Wang Han
		Chinese President Xi Jinping pointed out that my country is transforming from a country of knowledge introduction to a country of intellectual property creation, and intellectual property work is shifting from pursuing quantity to improving quality. As one of the main manifestations of intellectual property rights, the quality of patents has been the focus of discussion in all sectors of society in recent years. At this key node where the formulation of the "Strategic Outline for a Powerful Country with Intellectual Property Rights" is closely advancing, it is really necessary to explore scientific and efficient ways to cultivate high-quality patents. This article analyzes the status quo and problems of patent quality in my country through WIPO statistical reports and other materials, and distinguishes the value and positioning of high-quality patents, and the characteristics and causes of low-quality patents. Through the introduction of system control theory, the establishment of a full-process, hierarchical system model, identify the main factors and key issues affecting patent quality, and propose corresponding solutions and suggestions for improvement, in order to form a high-quality patent in the context of the formulation of intellectual property powers effective path of cultivation.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 34-42 [Abstract] ( 380 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1430KB] ( 453 )

	43	To Study the Relationship between University Patents Transformation with Their Bibliometrics Characteristics
		Li Rui,Fan Jiujiang
		How to identify the potential patens which are able to be transformed from a large number of universities patents would be a significant research thesis for the science and technology management and evaluation departments.As universities do not have production capacity, the assignment or licensing of patents plays an important role in the transformation of university patents. Using multivariate statistical "gap analysis" and "correlation analysis" method to compare the university patents which were transformed through assignment or licensing with those which were not, from the perspective of bibliometrics, we can find the correlation between university patents' ability of being transformed and their bibliometrics characteristics.Taking Sichuan University's 16 491 patents as sample, we discovered a series of correlations and summarized the correlations into several truths as the references for identifying the potential patens which tent to be transformed, from the perspective of bibliometrics.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 43-50 [Abstract] ( 340 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1457KB] ( 343 )

Regional Scientific Development

	51	The Spatial and Temporal Distribution and Influencing Factors of Intellectual Property (IP) Industry Entrepreneurship in the Yellow River Basin
		Sun Yong, Fan Jie, Zhang Yafeng, Zhang Sihui
		This study used spatial analysis method to study the spatial-temporal evolution pattern and its influencing factors of IP industry entrepreneurship in the Yellow River Region from 2005 to 2018. The results show that :(1) the scale and vitality of IP industry entrepreneurship in the Yellow River Basin has increased significantly, the spatial difference of entrepreneurial scale continues to expand, and the spatial difference of entrepreneurial vitality begins to increase after a slight decrease; (2) The spatial distribution of entrepreneurial scale and vitality showed a significant pattern of "high in the east and low in the west". Compared with entrepreneurial scale, the agglomeration characteristics of entrepreneurial vitality were more obvious, and the high value areas were mainly concentrated in the typical urban areas. (3) Market size, wage premium, innovation level and availability of venture capital have significant positive effects on the scale and vitality of intellectual property entrepreneurship. The affluence degree has a significant negative effect on the entrepreneurial scale. The influence mechanisms have obvious spatial spillover effect and spatial heterogeneity, and they are more significant in the middle and lower reaches of China.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 51-60 [Abstract] ( 392 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1701KB] ( 348 )

	61	Research on the Effect and Mechanism of Smart City Construction on Industrial Structure Upgrading
		Fan Decheng, Fang Lin, Song Zhilong
		Based on the theoretical explanation of the mechanism of smart city construction on industrial structure upgrading and the panel data of 110 cities in China from 2009 to 2017, the difference in difference model is used to empirically study the effect and mechanism of smart city construction on industrial structure upgrading. The empirical results show that the construction of smart city can promote the upgrading of urban industrial structure. Medium-sized smart cities are more conducive to promoting the rationalization of industrial structure, and large-scale smart cities are more conducive to promoting the advancement of industrial structure; cities with high levels of fiscal expenditure and information infrastructure construction can significantly enhance the promotion of smart city construction to the upgrading of industrial structure; cities with higher levels of human capital and financial development are more conducive to promoting the advancement of industrial structure; compared with the developed regions in the east, the smart city construction in the less developed regions in the central and western regions has more prominent effects on the promotion of industrial structure upgrading.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 61-68 [Abstract] ( 448 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1285KB] ( 485 )

Industrial Technological Progress

	69	Research on Risk Attribution and Governance System of Artificial Intelligence Technology Industrialization Innovation Ecosystem
		Sun Liwen,Li Shaoshuai
		In the process of industrialization, artificial intelligence has gradually formed a unique innovation ecosystem, but at the same time it has also triggered risk crises and governance challenges, which have brought great hidden dangers to the stable development of the innovation ecosystem, and there is an urgent need for risks to the innovation ecosystem In-depth discussion on governance. From the perspective of innovation ecosystem theory, focus on the risk management of artificial intelligence technology industrialization innovation ecosystem, and divide it into endogenous risks (data risk, algorithm risk) and exogenous risks (algorithm discrimination, algorithm abuse) according to the nature of risk-induced , And established a risk management system around three aspects of governance subject, fundamental principles and governance path, systematically analyzed the composition of the innovation ecosystem's risk governance subject and the formed multi-level community structure, and analyzed and summarized the risk governance should follow Fundamental principles, and reveal in detail the specific paths of endogenous and exogenous risks, aiming to provide theoretical guidance and beneficial enlightenment for the industrialization of artificial intelligence technology in China to reduce risks and upgrade the innovation ecosystem.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 69-78 [Abstract] ( 296 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2445KB] ( 797 )

	79	Does the New Digital Infrastructure Contribute to the Upgrading of Industrial Structure：Evidence from 272 Cities in China
		He Yumei, Zhao Xinhao
		The promotion and application of artificial intelligence, big data and the Internet of Things can effectively promote the upgrading of industrial structure and provide important support for the transformation and upgrading of China's economy. Based on the technological innovation effect, resource allocation effect and consumption upgrade effect of new digital infrastructure, this paper analyzes the logical mechanism of the influence of new digital infrastructure on industrial structure upgrade, and uses the panel data of 272 prefecture-level cities in China from 2007 to 2018 to conduct an empirical test. The results show that the new digital infrastructure can significantly promote the upgrading of industrial structure, which is still true after a series of robustness tests. The improvement of the development level of new digital infrastructure can promote the upgrading of industrial structure by promoting technological innovation. The mediating effect of the mechanism of resource allocation is not robust, while the consumption upgrade shows a masking effect. The influence of new digital infrastructure on industrial structure upgrading shows obvious urban heterogeneity. In coastal cities and large and medium-sized cities, the positive promoting effect is more significant. The higher the degree of marketization, the more obvious the promoting effect is. The conclusion of this study has important policy implications for the promotion of new digital infrastructure to industrial structure upgrading.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 79-86 [Abstract] ( 483 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1268KB] ( 633 )

Enterprise Innovation Management

	87	The Impact of Value Co-creation Model of Open Innovation Ecosystem on Value Co-creation Effect:Based on the Model of Cross Level Regulation Effect
		Cheng Qiongwen, Zhao Yixuan
		As an important subsystem of the innovation ecosystem, the core open innovation ecosystem of enterprises has become a hot topic in the industry and academia because of its obvious market competitive advantages.Based on the innovation ecosystem theory, this paper discusses the influence mechanism and boundary conditions of the choice of value co creation mode on value co-creation effect in open ecosystem.Through the cross level analysis of vertical paired data at the organizational level and individual level, it is found that a mode and cooperation mode of open innovation ecosystem can enhance the value co-creation effect, but the joint venture mode has no significant impact on the value co-creation effect; the value co-creation mechanism (Dynamic mechanism, Entry and exit mechanism,Energy transfer mechanism and Trust mechanism) and The innovation environment (Market environment, Institutional environment) can strengthen the above relationship.This study helps to improve the theoretical accumulation of open innovation research field, and provides targeted practical guidance for core enterprises in the process of building open innovation ecosystem.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 87-96 [Abstract] ( 555 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1651KB] ( 556 )

	97	Research on Internet+'s Heterogeneous Dynamic Effects on Promoting Enterprise Innovation：Based on the Perspective of Government R&D Funding Adjustment
		Han Xianfeng
		In the prominent period of promoting deep integration of Internet and real economy, taking government R&D subsidy as the breakthrough point, this paper analyze how the government support enterprises in implementing the “Internet+” innovation strategy better. Based on the explanation of the internal mechanism of R&D subsidy affecting “Internet+” innovation in enterprises, made empirical study based on China's provincial panel data from 2006 to 2018, with threshold regression model. The results found that: “Internet+” improves the efficiency of enterprise innovation, while government R&D funding could strengthen the positive impact. And there exist obvious three threshold effects of government R&D funding on “Internet+” innovation spillover, only when the government R&D subsidy exceeds a certain threshold condition can the “Internet+” innovation spillover could be maximally released. The “Internet+” innovation spillover effect under the government R&D subsidy has significant spatial heterogeneity, and the adjustment effect of alienation and dynamic change in different regions, the positive adjustment affection of government R&D funding on “Internet+” innovation spillover is relatively limited at present stage, and the practical regulation effect is alienated. It showed the character of being most obvious in the central region, next in the eastern region, and the weakest in the western region in steps. This paper provided certain inspiration for government R&D subsidy strategy to build spatiotemporal differentiation in China new era, and accelerating the release of the “Internet+” innovation spillover dividends in enterprises.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 97-105 [Abstract] ( 265 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1293KB] ( 283 )

	106	The Evolution Mechanism of Manufacturing Enterprises' Independent Innovation Capabilities from the Perspective of Overseas M&A
		Zhou Xuefeng,Wang Wei
		Improving the capability of independent innovation is an important part of the innovation-driven development strategy, but research related to the division and the evolution mechanism of independent innovation capability is rare. Based on the viewpoint that “the essence of capability is knowledge”, this paper taken Goldwind Technology acquiring VENSYS in Germany as the research object, analyzed the evolution mechanism of independent innovation capability and summarized its evolution mechanism using the grounded theory research method. The paper finds that the elements of independent innovation capability can be divided into three categories: extended innovation capability, integrated innovation capability and endogenous innovation capability. The evolution mechanism is a dynamic accumulating process which begins from the extended innovation capability and ends at the endogenous innovation capability. Moreover, overseas M&A acts in an important way through which integrated innovation capability transitionally promotes the transformation of the extended innovation capability to the endogenous innovation capability.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 106-115 [Abstract] ( 327 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2093KB] ( 466 )

	116	Research on the Relationship among Digital Finance Development, Financing Constraint and Enterprise Green Innovation
		Zhai Huayun , Liu Yisi
		Based on 2011-2019 Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies, the stepwise regression method is used to do the empirical analyze on the effect of digital finance on enterprises' green innovation. It is found that digital finance can promote the quantity and the quality of green innovation in the region continuously and effectively. In particular, the mechanism analysis of this paper shows that digital finance can eventually have a positive impact on the green innovation level of enterprises by releasing the constraint of financing. Among the enterprises with less cash flow, stronger environmental regulation and lower economic development level in the central and western regions, the impact of digital finance on stimulating enterprises' green innovation is more obvious. Therefore, we should continue to accelerate the development of digital finance, and to improving the construction of supporting system and differentiated supporting policies, which guide and encourage green innovation of enterprises so as to achieve high-quality sustainable development.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 116-124 [Abstract] ( 534 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1279KB] ( 1241 )

Sci-tech Talent Cultivation

	125	How does Employee Strengths Use Influence Innovation Behavior：the Chain Mediating Effect of Organizational Self-Esteem and Positive Emotions
		Wang Haixia, Wang Nana
		Based on self-consistency theory and affective event theory, a chain mediation model of employee strengths use influencing employee innovation behavior through organizational self-esteem and positive emotion was constructed based on the cognitive-affective system theory as the logical line of influence path, and the moderated role of error aversion culture was explored. A questionnaire was used to collect data at two time points, and a total of 302 valid data were obtained through matching. The results of data analysis showed that employee strengths use positively influenced innovation behavior; organizational self-esteem and positive emotion partially mediated between employee strengths use and innovation behavior, respectively, and also jointly mediated in the chain; error aversion culture negatively moderated between employee strengths use and innovation behavior, organizational self-esteem and innovation behavior, and positive emotion and innovation behavior.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 125-133 [Abstract] ( 388 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1343KB] ( 701 )

	134	An Exploratory Study of Entrepreneurial Team Conflict Leading to Entrepreneurial Failure
		Sun Jiwei, Deng Lihua
		There are many studies on entrepreneurial team conflict and entrepreneurial failure, but there are few research literatures on the relationship between the two. This paper selects 4 companies whose entrepreneurial team conflicts lead to entrepreneurial failure as typical cases, and uses grounded theory research methods to construct an "input-transformation-output" model, with entrepreneurial activities as input, entrepreneurship environment, entrepreneurial team conflict, and conflict management together constitute a transformation mechanism, and entrepreneurial failure is the output. Under the framework of this theoretical model, we deeply explored the evolution path of entrepreneurial team conflicts leading to entrepreneurial failure, identified the "three stages" of entrepreneurial activities and the "two nodes" for effective conflict management. We have also put forward a series of targeted suggestions to prevent control competition and reduce decision-making differences.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 134-143 [Abstract] ( 600 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1893KB] ( 670 )

	144	The Influence of Differential Leadership and Creative Self-efficacy on Employees' Creativity: Moderating Effect of Zhong-yong Thinking
		Wu Shijian,Gao Wenchao,Quan Ying
		Differential leadership is a popular leadership style with unique cultural values in Chinese enterprise organizations, which plays an important role in promoting employees' creativity. Based on 347 empirical survey data, a mediated moderation model was built to test the mechanism of differential leadership on employee creativity. The results indicate that differential leadership is conducive to employees' creativity. Employees' creative self-efficacy plays a partial mediating role between differential leadership and employees' creativity. Zhong-yong thinking positively moderates the relationship between differential leadership and employees' creativity, and the moderating role is partly mediated by creative self-efficacy.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 144-151 [Abstract] ( 357 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1301KB] ( 562 )

Review

	152	Review of theLiterature on the Valuation of Sleeping Patents
		Peng Huatao,Lu Longwen,Wang Zilu
		Sleeping patent belongs to "Sleeping Beauty" patent, which has similar characteristics with the literature of "Sleeping Beauty".There are a large number of patents in sleeping state in China, and they have different value performance in sleeping period and wake-up period.This paper summarizes the reasons of patent dormancy and the value evaluation system of sleeping period by judging the different values of patent in sleeping period and wake-up period, and considers that the value evaluation of sleeping period patent should be carried out from four aspects: profitability, equity, technology, innovation and regionality.At the same time, the wake-up mechanism of sleeping patent and the value evaluation system of wake-up period are studied, and it is found that the evaluation of wake-up period patent should be judged from academic, technical and legal perspectives.The research results of this paper have certain reference significance to further improve the patent evaluation system in China.
		2021 Vol. 38 (17): 152-160 [Abstract] ( 275 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2826KB] ( 605 )

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