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| Research on the Differences and Policies of Patent Tranfer of Universities in 31 Provinces and Cities in Mainland China |
| Luan Chunjuan,Li Yujing |
| (School of Intellectual Property, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China) |
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Abstract In the national innovation system, colleges and universities are very important components with abundant patent resources. Patent transformation is vital for universities to support the national innovative construction and ensure the sustainable development of China's industry. However, the patent conversion rate of most universities is low, and the existing patent achievements cannot be transformed into practical productivity. In recent years, the research on patent transformation in colleges and universities mainly focuses on the existing problems of patent operation and patent operation mode. Patent transfer is an important way of patent operation. It is of great practical and theoretical significance to explore whether there are regional differences in patent transfer in universities and analyze relevant systems and policies of local governments and universities to promote patent transfer in China.#br#Based on the data of invention patent transfer of universities in 31 provinces and cities retrieved from IncoPat platform, this study mainly adopts systematic clustering method to conduct cluster analysis on patent transfer of universities in 31 provinces and cities. By classifying and identifying regional differences, the patent transfer of universities in 31 provinces and cities is divided into four types.The calculation process is as follows. The number of transfer of invention patents in colleges and universities is taken as the clustering index; Euclidean distance was used to measure the distance between samples of 31 provinces and cities. The mean connection method between groups was used to calculate the distance between classes and classify the samples. Among them, Jiangsu province is in the first class, and the number of transfer of invention patents in colleges and universities in only one province has reached 21.09%. #br#In order to further explore the differences of patent transfer policies, this paper focuses on sorting out the policies of provinces and universities with outstanding patent transfer achievements. In recent years, the state has issued a number of policies to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities. The number of relevant policies issued by Jiangsu province is the largest. In the implementation of central documents, Jiangsu province has issued a more suitable intellectual property operation policy which can support and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements by means of patent transfer in universities in this province.#br#The policies formulated by colleges and universities to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements are more specific and feasible. Patent transfer numbers of Tsinghua university and Shanghai Jiaotong University were among the first. Relevant patent transfer policies have important reference value for other colleges and universities, though not specifically formulated for the two universities. The policies are beneficial to the whole process of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, including patent transfer or important issues for the specification.#br#Based on the experience of Jiangsu Province, Tsinghua University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, local governments and relevant departments need to formulate policies to provide macro guidance for the transformation process of scientific and technological achievements such as patent transfer. Colleges and universities should formulate systematic policies to promote patent transfer according to their own reality.#br#
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Received: 15 December 2020
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