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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
 
2023 Vol.40 Issue.8
Published 2023-04-25
Green Technology Innovation and Management
Environmental Regulation and Green Innovation
Enterprise Development and Green Transformation
Green Innovation and Performance
Regional Strategy and Green Development
Green Technology Innovation and Management
1 Interaction Between Global Green Invention Convergence and Patent Output
Luan Chunjuan,Song Bowen,Deng Siming
In order to have a better understanding of the trend and law of convergence development of green invention technology innovation and achieve the national "double carbon" strategic goal, it is necessary to explore the measurement indexes of global green invention technology convergence, convergence trend and its relationship with output. Although the Chinese government has highlighted green invention and technology innovation, from a global perspective, the achievements of green invention and technology innovation are still significantly insufficient. Therefore this study aims to clarify the connotation of green technology, sort out the driving factors for the evolution of green technology innovation, and explore the interaction between the factors so as to accelerate the development of green technology in China.#br#On the basis of the patent family data of global green invention technology and the existing measurement indices of technology convergence, a new series of "multiple cohesion index"indicators are proposed to measure the global green invention technology convergence in stages. Firstly, the distribution and evolution of the overall development trend, development stages and sub-fields of global green inventions are analyzed to lay a foundation for subsequent relevant research. Secondly, the sub-network files of each development stage are generated based on the co-occurrence matrix of the National Industries Classification (NIC) and the Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC). Thirdly, indices from the "Multiple Cohesion Measures (MCM)" series are selected in the cohesion analysis method to measure the technology convergence at each development stage, and get the development trend of green invention technology convergence. Lastly, the relationship between the convergence and output of global green inventions and technologies is explored by using the Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis to explorethe relationship between them.#br#In the empirical analysis, this paper explores the relationship between global green invention technology convergence and patent output based on the quantity of invention patent outputs. 477 410 patents related to green invention technology are sorted out from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). According to the annual numbers of invention patents, global green invention technology can be divided into five stages of development, and the overall trend shows a trend of rapid growth. The period from 1880 to 1919 was the embryonic period, and the speed of technological development was relatively slow, with the annual number of inventions less than 300; the period from 1920 to 1964 witnessed slow technological development, and the development was gradually accelerated; the period from 1965 to 1997 was a period of technological growth, with an annual number of inventions ranging from 1500 to 5 000; from 1998 to 2009, the technology grew rapidly, and the annual number of inventions was basically between 6 000 and 7 000; since 2010, green technology has entered a period of rapid growth, and the annual number of inventions has exceeded 11 000. From the perspective of the sub-field distribution of green technology, the global green invention technology mainly involves nine sub-fields with the energy sub-field up to 36.4%. In terms of the technology convergence of green inventions, the "multiple cohesion index" is adopted to measure the global technology convergence of green inventions in stages, and the results show that the convergence of green inventions is increasing over time. Through two groups of analysis on the interaction between global green invention network density and patent output, convergence index and patent output, it is concluded that technology convergence has a positive interaction with the output of green invention technological innovation achievements.#br#Given the interactions of R&D design, organizational management and institutional innovation, China's green innovation should be promoted on the level of technological innovation, and innovation of key and pioneering technologies should be paralleled;the inter-disciplinary communication and interaction should be promoted at the level of discipline construction ; at the level of talent training, it is essential to establish a wide-caliber talent training structure as soon as possible, speed up the training of compound talents, and provide more powerful guarantee for the development of the green industry.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 1-10 [Abstract] ( 341 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1468KB] ( 265 )
11 Technology Integration Capability, Green Patent Quality and Firms' Sustainable Innovation
Zhao Yan,Qi Niannian,Meng Qingshi
In the context of open innovation and sustainable development, firms' sustainable innovation has a far-reaching impact on ensuring the long-term viability of firms, helping firms obtain competitive advantages, and thus achieving sustainable development. Meanwhile, as an important external technology acquisition mode, the technology integration capability can affect the enthusiasm and sustainability of firms' further innovation. Therefore, how to reasonably use technology integration capability to help firms' sustainable innovation is increasingly important. However, the prior research on technology integration capability neglects that excessive technology integration capability may reduce the enthusiasm and sustainability of innovation of firms. Thus it is urgent to discuss whether and how technology integration capability affects firms' sustainable innovation. Then in the setting of dual carbon and high-quality development, green patent quality is the core indicator to measure the quality of patents with green technology as the theme of the invention.It is vital for the achievement of the dual carbon goals and firms' sustainable development to find out how to use technology integration capability to improve green patent quality and then help firms' sustainable innovation. But the existing research is unclear on how the technology integration capability affects green patent quality and whether it will further affect firms' sustainable innovation. Third, under the background of open innovation and sustainable development, the 2-model alliance innovation network is composed of the firms participating in the alliance, their affiliated alliances and the affiliation relationship between firms and the alliance, and it is an important channel for the firms participating in the alliance to obtain external technology and other resources. The firm's centrality in the 2-mode alliance innovation network is an important indicator that describes the numbers of subordinate alliances of firms in the 2-mode alliance innovation network. It reflects the firm's position characteristics and power among participants at different levels in the 2-model alliance innovation network. According to the social network theory and resource-based theory, firms with higher centrality in the 2-model alliance innovation network can obtain or use more high-quality innovation resources and innovation policies faster by close contact and communication with more related firms and alliances. However, the possible moderating effects of the firm's centrality in the 2-mode alliance innovation network on the relationship among technology integration capability and green patent quality, technology integration capability and firms' sustainable innovation are still unclear.
Addressing the above issues, this study for the first time integrates technology integration capability, green patent quality, and firms' sustainable innovation into the same research framework. Meanwhile, following the dynamic capability theory, firm sustainable innovation theory, green technology innovation theory, social network theory, etc, this paper uses the data of 232 high-tech listed firms from 2009 to 2019 and the comprehensive feasible generalized least squares method to explore the internal mechanism and boundary conditions on which technology integration capability influences firms' sustainable innovation.
It is found that technology integration capability has an inverted U-shaped relationship with firms' sustainable innovation; technology integration capability has an inverted U-shaped relationship with green patent quality, and green patent quality plays a mediating role in the inverted U-shaped relationship between technology integration capability and firms' sustainable innovation; centrality plays a positive moderation role in the inverted U-shaped relationship between technology integration capability and firms' sustainable innovation, but it has not played a positive moderation role in the inverted U-shaped relationship between technology integration capability and green patent quality. In short, the conclusions can provide theoretical guidance for high-tech firms to rationally adjust their technology integration capability to improve green patent quality, and then realize firms' sustainable innovation.
The contributions can be summarized as follows. First, this study expands the research scope of the mechanism of technology integration capability, and enriches the research on the motivation of firms' sustainable innovation from the perspective of dynamic capability theory. Second, it breaks through the limitations of existing research on technology integration capability and green patent quality, and opens the "black box" that technology integration capability affects green patent quality. Third, from the perspective of social network theory, it enriches the research on the scenario mechanism of the relationship between technology integration capability and green patent quality, technology integration capability and firms' sustainable innovation.
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 11-21 [Abstract] ( 316 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2696KB] ( 291 )
22 The Nonlinear Effect of Green Technological Innovation on Green Transformation
Yu Xianrong
It is well-acknowledged in China that it is crucial to achieve high-quality development by accelerating the green transformation of the development mode and promoting the green and low-carbon economic development. With the environmental carrying capacity approaching the limit and the marginal contribution of traditional production factors such as capital and labor to economic growth gradually decreasing, it is of great significance to carry out green technological innovation activities to promote green development. However, due to the positive externality of technology spillovers, enterprises bear most of the green technological innovation costs without the corresponding benefits, resulting in insufficient incentives for enterprises, and government administrative means are thus expected. The environmental regulation is considered to be an important means to promote green technological innovation. The "Porter Hypothesis" points out that strict but appropriate environmental regulation will put pressure on enterprises to reduce emissions and carry out green technological innovation. It can be seen that environmental regulation, green technological innovation and green transformation are closely related.#br#Previous studies have conducted in-depth research on the relationship between environmental regulation and green technological innovation based on the Porter hypothesis, but there are few studies on green technological innovation and green transformation. In theory, green technological innovation can be divided into green process innovation and green product innovation. However, in the case of limited resources, the increase of green technological innovation investment will have a crowding-out effect on other productive investments, and may have a negative impact on economic growth, which will lead to the complexity of the relationship between green technological innovation and green transformation. In addition, environmental regulation is comprehensive, including environmental protection laws focusing on pre-guidance, pollution charges focusing on post-punishment, and pollution investment focusing on terminal governance. Different environmental regulation have different mechanisms, and the effects of promoting green technological innovation are also different, which makes it necessary to analyze the impact of green technological innovation on green transformation from the perspective of environmental regulation. #br#Therefore, this paper studies the nonlinear effect of green technological innovation on green transformation, and explores the role and mechanism of environmental regulation. Firstly, the non-radial SBM directional distance function method with unexpected output is used to measure the provincial-level green total factor productivity from 2005 to 2020 and it is taken as a measure of green transformation. Secondly, the panel regression model is introduced to study the nonlinear impact of green technology innovation on green transformation. Finally, the threshold regression model is employed to test the impact mechanism of green technology innovation on green transformation under different environmental regulation intensities by taking command-oriented and investment-oriented environmental regulation as threshold variables. #br#The results show that there is an U-shaped relationship between green technological innovation and green transformation. The conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests with the prominence during 2012-2020 and in the eastern and central regions. A small total amount of green technological innovation cannot drive enterprises to transform and upgrade. Only when the number of green technological innovation exceeds a certain amount, can green technological innovation promote the green transformation of the economy by reducing environmental pollution, improving resource utilization and increasing the added value of products and so on. Moreover, different types of environmental regulation have different mechanisms for green technological innovation. Investment environmental regulation focusing on terminal governance has the cost effect, crowding out the investment funds for green technological innovation, and it is not conducive to the green transformation of the economy. However, when the command environmental regulation exceeds a certain threshold, it can play the innovation compensation effect, keeping the competitiveness of enterprises engaged in green technological innovation strengthened, and the new green technology is also continuously popularized, which is conducive to promoting the green transformation of the whole economy. #br#The conclusions provide reference for how to design different types of environmental regulation, promote green technological innovation and green economic transformation, such as increasing the intensity of command-based environmental regulation properly, reducing terminal government-based environmental regulation and strengthening market-based incentive environmental regulation.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 22-31 [Abstract] ( 255 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1169KB] ( 190 )
Regional Strategy and Green Development
32 Knowledge Network, Urban Cooperation and Green Innovation Catch-up： An Analysis Based on Fossil Energy Efficiency Technologies
Lin Ziqiu
How to solve the problem of greenhouse gas emissions has become a major issue of global concerns. China's low-carbon development strategy motivates its cities to improve their levels of green innovation. In the future ten to twenty years, most of the national energy demands and greenhouse gas emissions will come from the emerging or developing cities. The energy efficiency technologies will keep providing important technical support before the full coverage of renewable energy technologies. For them, it is of great significance for the green transformation and regional coordinated development of whether and how strong demand for emission reduction can be transformed into energy efficiency technology innovation, and help them catch up with leading cities.#br#Innovation catch-up is defined as the process by which latecomer countries or regions improve their innovation capabilities relative to technology leaders. Regarding the causes of innovation catch-up, the existing studies provide the region's strategic choices and macro technical condition changes as the main reasons. These arguments are more focused on the ex-ante evaluation of innovation catch-up. However, compared with non-green innovations, green innovations have stronger technology complexity, diversity and novelty. High-quality green innovations can enlighten more mature technologies and products in the future. Existing research rarely evaluates the above-mentioned ex-post performanceof green innovation. Besides, the complexity, diversity and novelty of green innovation make its generation process deeply rooted in knowledge networks and cooperation networks, but few studies have explored the relationship between knowledge network, cooperation network and green innovation catch-up. #br#To fill the above research gaps, this paper focuses on green innovation among Chinese cities and tests the relationship among a city's knowledge network, urban cooperation network and its catch-up speed. It selects the patent citation data of fossil-energy-efficiency technologies from 2003 to 2017 and analyzes whether the structural position of a city in the knowledge network and cooperation network will affect its degree growth rate in the citation network. The study has several findings: (1) the city's knowledge diversity, knowledge degree centrality, and knowledge betweenness centrality as well as the internal degree centrality in the cooperation network all promote the city's green innovation catch-up speed, while the external degree centrality of the cooperation network does not show this effect; (2) the city's knowledge diversity and knowledge network centrality have complementary effects in promoting green innovation catch-up speed, the margin effect of knowledge diversity on catch-up speed will increase with the ascension of knowledge network centrality; (3) the complementary effects also exist between knowledge network centrality and cooperation network centrality,and stronger intra-city cooperation will better integrate the knowledge network elements and facilitate the knowledge recombination through intra-city idea exchanges and R&D cooperation.#br#Several policy suggestions are put forward accordingly. (1) The local governments should strengthen the forward-looking guidance of technology development and identify the core knowledge elements as the policy starting point.(2) They should also encourage regional scientific and technological cooperation, and promote regional agglomeration to boost the exchange of innovative ideas. (3) The “matrix-like” innovation policies to expected are activate the synergistic coupling effect between the institutional facility and advanced technology identification.#br#This paper may make contributions in the following three aspects. First, it introduces the network perspective to analyze green innovation catch-up, integrates the knowledge network, cooperation network, and citation network into a unified analysis framework, and tests the complementary effects among them. Second, it connects the ex-ante evaluation of innovation with the ex-post evaluation, where the knowledge and cooperation network that form the basis and process of patent generation belongs to the ex-ante perspective, while the location change in the citation network belongs to the ex-post assessment. Third, it focuses the research units on the city level, coordinates the theories of economic geography and innovation management, and provides policy suggestions about the development of green technology for local governments from the perspective of knowledge and technology guidance and regional innovation cooperation.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 32-43 [Abstract] ( 225 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1285KB] ( 205 )
44 The Dynamic Moderating Effect of Green Technology Innovation to Promote Regional Industrial Upgrading : A New Perspective Based on the Constraint of Economic Growth Targets
Han Xianfeng,Li Jiajia,Xu Jie
Influenced by the “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” strategy, green technology innovation has become an important support for the nation to achieve the strategic goal of industrial optimization and upgrading. For how to effectively drive regional industrial upgrading, the theoretical circle has actively explored from different dimensions such as income distribution, institutional environment, technology spillover, factor endowment structure and financial science and technology, but the existing studies have generally ignored the huge impact of green technology innovation on regional industrial upgrading with the economic growth targets. In fact, the change of economic growth targets is bound to have a huge impact on many local economic decisions and behaviors, which will inevitably affect the industrial upgrading effect of green technology innovation. However up to now, few literatures have given a positive response to the internal relationship among economic growth targets, green innovation and industrial upgrading. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to systematically deconstruct the practical problem of the industrial upgrading and innovation effect of green technology innovation under the constraint of economic growth targets,so as to effectively realize the “win-win” of green technology innovation and regional industrial upgrading and development in the “14th Five-Year” period.#br#On the basis of China' s provincial panel data from 2004 to 2020, an empirical analysis is made from multiple perspectives. In order to comprehensively depict the potential impact of economic growth targets on green technology innovation to assist industrial upgrading, the study first examines the direct impact of green technology innovation on industrial upgrading and establishes a model; furthermore it uses the Hansen's panel threshold regression method to reveal the nonlinear evolution of the impact of green technology innovation on industrial upgrading with the moderation of different economic growth targets.The results show that firstly, green technology innovation has significantly driven local industrial upgrading, and this conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness and endogenous tests. Secondly, the industrial upgrading effect of green technology innovation has a significant triple threshold effect based on the constraint of economic growth targets. Under the constraint of economic growth targets, the impact of green technology innovation on industrial upgrading shows a significant positive and diminishing marginal efficiency. Thirdly, there are significant differences in the dynamic adjustment effect of economic growth targets on green technology innovation-enabled industrial upgrading. To achieve the optimal adjustment effect, the eastern region needs to adopt lower constraint of economic growth targets than the central and western regions, and the areas with high degree of industrial upgrading also needs to choose looser constraint of economic growth targets than the areas with the middle and low degrees of industrial upgrading.#br#According to the above conclusions, the following policy implications are presented. Firstly, it is essential to further accelerate the development of green technology innovation, promote the deep integration of green technology innovation and regional industrial upgrading in various fields and links, and improve the actual efficiency of green technology innovation in driving regional industrial upgrading; secondly, at this stage, it is necessary to gradually and moderately relax the constraint of economic growth targets, and avoid the loss of industrial upgrading dividends enabled by green technology innovation due to excessively stringent economic growth targets; thirdly, different regions should choose the appropriate constraint of economic growth targets according to their own green technology innovation and industrial upgrading development reality.#br#Compared with previous studies, this paper makes innovations in three aspects. Firstly it broadens the existing research perspective and reveals how the constraint of economic growth targets dynamically moderates the industrial upgrading effect of green technology innovation from the perspective of nonlinear dynamic evolution, so as to advance the in-depth understanding of the internal logical relationship among the three. Secondly by depicting the dynamic impact effect and heterogeneous facts of the constraint of economic growth targets, it can provide decision-making reference for the government to design more targeted linkage strategies between economic growth targets and green technology innovation in promoting local industrial upgrading.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 44-53 [Abstract] ( 614 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1171KB] ( 279 )
Enterprise Development and Green Transformation
54 How Digital Leadership Promotes Enterprise Green Innovation: A Study Based on SEM and fsQCA
Tian Hongna,Sun Meiling,Wang Lijing
In the context of the strategic goal of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” and green development, enterprise green innovation as the golden key to achieving “double carbon” and sustainable development is not only a significant national concern， but also a hot academic topic. Influenced by the digital technology revolution and COVID-19, the market, industry and environment in which enterprises are located are constantly changing, and there are higher requirements for leaders' ability characteristics as to how to combine limited resources with dynamic opportunities, embed digital technology into organizational development, and optimize enterprise management practices. In recent studies, it has been found that digital leadership integrates digital technology and leadership, and it demonstrates the ability of leadership to actively embrace the digital revolution, motivate employees to innovate, quickly adapt organizational structures and processes to adapt to changes in the digital environment, and promote enterprise innovation. In the digital age, the question of how leaders build a digital leadership pedigree that adapts to the times, drives enterprises to upgrade related technologies to meet corresponding environmental standards, and effectively stimulates green innovation has become an urgent topic.#br#This study explores the impact mechanism between digital leadership and green innovation, and examines the mediating role of green organizational identity and the moderating role of digital threat, as well as the multiple concurrent causal relationships that trigger green innovation. In order to better understand the statistical relationship and the set relationship between variables, the study adopts a mixed method with structural equation model (SEM) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method. Data from 238 questionnaires is collected at two different time points. The findings indicate that the four dimensions of digital leadership can positively influence green innovation; green organizational identity plays a partial mediating role between the four dimensions of digital leadership and green innovation; digital threat has a negative moderating effect between digital leadership and green organizational identity, and it moderates the partial mediating effect of green organizational identity in digital leadership and green innovation. Further, the fsQCA method is used to analyze the causal complexity of digital leadership dimensions, green organizational identity and digital threat to green innovation, and nine effective configuration paths are identified. This shows that the combined effect of the four dimensions of digital leadership is the key factor to trigger the high green innovation of enterprises. At the same time, the study verifies the conduction effect of green organizational identity among the four dimensions of digital leadership and green innovation. This shows that digital leaders should not only combine relevant policies to build a vision of digital change and environmental management, but more importantly, work with organizational members to promote the digital transformation and sustainable development, so as to better understand technology and change management.#br#Following upper echelons theory, organizational identity theory, and cognitive appraisal of emotion theory, this study constructs the relationship framework of “digital leadership—green organizational identity—green innovation”. It explores the internal mechanism of digital leadership and green innovation. This study makes several contributions to the existing research. First, it defines digital leadership and divides it into four parts. On the basis of upper echelons theory,it explores the impact of digital leadership on enterprise green innovation, which will not only enrich the relevant research of leadership, but also expand the antecedents of green innovation. Second, it elaborates the digital leadership mechanism of green innovation, and reveals the mediating role of green organizational identity, and improves the marginal contribution of organizational identity theory in the field of green innovation. Third, digital threat is introduced as a moderating variable to broaden the boundary conditions of digital leadership for enterprise green innovation. Fourthly, the fsQCA method is used to analyze the antecedents of green innovation based on the empirical research. In summary this study provides reference for enterprises to trigger green innovation development.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 54-65 [Abstract] ( 378 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1224KB] ( 825 )
66 Organizational Slack,Risk-taking Capability and Green Innovation Strategy: Evidence from Listed Enterprises of the Heavily-polluting Industries
Liu Yujia,Liu Ligang,Shao Jianbing
The business practices show that the traditional extensive economic development can't be sustained. For enterprises in heavily polluting industries,it is imperative to adhere to innovation-driven development strategy and attach great importance to environmental protection to achieve green transformation and upgrading. The green innovation strategy refers to the incorporation of green innovation practices into the strategic framework of enterprises,which is regarded as an important forward-looking environmental strategy. However,different from traditional innovation,green innovation takes into account the ecological environment,with a longer innovation cycle and higher uncertainty. These factors undoubtedly increase the opportunity cost of green innovation strategy implementation. In addition,due to the organizational profit and resource specificity,enterprises generally lack the motivation of sustainable innovation. It is necessary to consider the risk of green innovation strategy implementation with the constraint of organizational resources. The organizational slack can provide the possibility for the implementation of high-risk innovation activities. Therefore,it is of great practical significance to explore whether and how organizational slack promotes the green innovation strategy of enterprises.#br#Existing literature has conducted intense discussions on the value effect of slack resources,but has not reached a consistent conclusion. Many studies based on the organizational theory believe that organizational slack provides enterprise more options for investment projects and thus motivates enterprise to implement green innovation strategy. Other studies based on the resource constraint theory believe that organizational slack makes enterprises satisfied with the status quo,and weakens the motivation to respond positively to market changes. In addition,organizational slack leads to the dispersion of management investment objectives,resulting in behavioral friction,and hindering enterprises from carrying out green innovation activities. The reasons for the conflict may lie in that firstly existing empirical studies are from the comprehensive perspective of listed companies as a whole or a certain industry such as manufacturing,but less pertinently consider the special sample of enterprises in heavily polluting industries. Secondly,existing studies ignore that question whether different stages of organizational slack can be effectively transformed to risk-taking,which to some extent limits the important play of enterprise initiative during the green innovation practices. In addition,existing studies ignore digital environment is an important situational factor of enterprise strategy. On one hand,digital technology improves the dynamic deployment efficiency of internal resources and optimizes the way to acquire innovative resources. On the other hand,the digital environment has also revolutionized the way of market competition and further aggravated the risks of green innovation.#br#With the integration of the resource constraint theory and the organizational theory,this paper takes the 2013-2020 Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed enterprises in heavily-polluting industries as samples to explore the influence of organizational slack on green innovation strategy. It introduces risk-taking as a mediating variable,and constructs a modeled mediation model to examine the contextual role of the digital environment. The research indicates that organizational slack has a U-shaped relationship with green innovation strategy and risk-taking；risk-taking has a mediating effect in this process; digital environment positively moderates the U-shaped relationship between organizational slack and green innovation strategy,and has a positive effect on the mediating effect of risk-taking between absorbed slack and green innovation strategy. #br#Compared with previous research,this study centers around the heavily polluting industries and finds a new relationship between organizational slack and green innovation. Moreover,it takes "resource-capacity-behavior" as the overall logic,introduces risk-taking capability as mediating variable,and investigates whether different stages of slack can be effectively transformed to risk-taking,so as to promote green innovation strategy of enterprises. It makes up for the lack of the mechanism research in the existing literature. Finally,this study focuses on the green innovation strategy research under the background of digital economy,expands the boundary conditions of the impact of organizational slack on the green innovation strategy by incorporating digital environment variables into the analysis framework,and constructs a mediation model to investigate the comprehensive effect of enterprise risk-taking and digital environment on green innovation strategy.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 66-77 [Abstract] ( 256 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1286KB] ( 301 )
78 Environmental Decentralization, Environmental Investment and Enterprise Green Innovation: A Multiple Parallel Moderated Mediation Model
Zhu Yanjiao, Mao Chunmei
The key to green and low-carbon economic development is to integrate the "double carbon" goal and green technology innovation with the economic development goal. Enterprise green and low-carbon transformation is an important carrier of environmental protection and technological innovation behavior; however, in practice most enterprises lack the sustainable driving force of green and low-carbon transformation, and most Chinese enterprises have to invest a large amount of capital in the early stage without satisfactory output. The market mechanism alone is unable to activate green and low-carbon transformation, and thus the government incentives for the enterprises to realize technological progress towards green and low-carbon transformation become particularly important. The existing studies mostly focus on the impact of environmental goals or government environmental responsibility on enterprise green innovation, but the impact of combining environmental goals with government environmental responsibility assessment on enterprise green innovation is still unclear. Besides,researchers mostly focus on the impact of environmental decentralization on enterprise green innovation, or the impact of environmental protection input on enterprise green innovation without consideration of the mediating role of environmental protection input between environmental decentralization and enterprise green innovation. It is also unclear whether the constraint of environmental goals can mediate the role of government environmental protection input and enterprise environmental protection input between environmental decentralization and enterprise green innovation. In view of this, this paper provides an empirical analysis to remedy the above deficiencies. #br#Through the theoretical analysis, this study clarifies the relationship among green and low-carbon transition, environmental decentralization, enterprise environmental investment, government environmental investment and green innovation, and puts forward the research hypotheses. In the empirical test, this study selects 668 A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011 to 2017 as the samples. On the important premise of achieving the goal of green and low-carbon transition, this study explores the impact of environmental decentralization on corporate green innovation by using the multiple parallel moderatedmediation model. The results show that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental decentralization and enterprise green innovation. Moderate environmental decentralization can effectively improve the level of enterprise green innovation, while the incentive distortion under a system with excessive environmental decentralization is not conducive to enterprise green innovation. The conclusion of the impact of environmental decentralization on enterprise green innovation remains valid with consideration of endogeneity.From the perspective of patent types, environmental decentralization has a greater impact on the proportion of green invention patent applications in comparison with the proportion of green utility model patent applications (0.241, -0.100). In addition, the goal constraint of green and low-carbon transition makes the inverted U-shaped relationship curve between environmental decentralization and enterprise green innovation steeper, and higher environmental goal constraint makes an earlier inflection point of the inverted U-shaped relationship. #br#The mechanism analysis shows that government environmental protection input and enterprise environmental protection input play a mediating role in the influence of environmental decentralization on enterprise green innovation. Moreover, there is a threshold effect between government environmental input and enterprise environmental input on environmental decentralization and enterprise green innovation. When the levels of government environmental input and enterprise environmental input are high, environmental decentralization has a significant promoting effect on enterprise green innovation, and vice versa. At the same time, the goal constraint of green and low-carbon transition strengthens the mediating role of government environmental investment in environmental decentralization and enterprise green innovation.#br#Thus it is proposed that the central government should appropriately strengthen the responsibility in environmental affairs, improve the incentives of environmental affairs, and set a reasonable level of environmental decentralization, so as to effectively promote enterprises to improve the level of green innovation. Meanwhile, it is suggested that the impact of environmental decentralization on enterprise green innovation with enterprise heterogeneity and regional heterogeneity can be further analyzed in future studies, and the roles of central environmental protection input, local environmental protection input and enterprise environmental protection input in the impact of environmental decentralization on enterprise green innovation could be further subdivided.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 78-88 [Abstract] ( 269 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1266KB] ( 240 )
Green Innovation and Performance
89 Can Investors' Attention Promote Green Innovation Performance? The Mediating Effect of Financing Constraints and the Moderating Effect of Environmental Regulation
Han Guowen,Gan Yutian
Green innovation is characterized by its wide range of applications, and it is often used as inputs by other industries, and spawns new innovations in the application field. To achieve high-quality development, green innovation is a must. From the perspective of sustainable development, it is necessary to use technological means and innovative production capacity to promote green development, so the support of green technological innovation is inseparable. Furthermore, promoting green technology innovation will demand immense investment, which requires green financial support. At the same time, Chinese investors are paying more and more attention to corporate social responsibility, and take it seriously when making investment decisions, especially its environmental connotation which requires enterprises to reduce damage and pollution by technological innovation, upgrading, reducing energy consumption and emissions, etc., instead of sacrificing the environment for economic benefits.#br#On the basis of theories of information asymmetry, legitimacy, corporate innovation and ecological modernization, this paper analyzes the impact of investor attention on green innovation, the mediating effect of financing constraints, and the moderating effect of environmental regulation, and proposes three hypotheses. It employs the panel data of China's A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2020, the Internet search index as a proxy variable for investors' attention, and the number of corporate green patents as a proxy variable for green innovation performance to systematically discuss whether investors'attention could promote innovation performance and transmission path. Based on previous conclusions, this study subdivides attention dimension, industry dimension, and regional dimension for further analysis, and conducts replacement test and lag test to prove the rationality of the conclusion.#br#It is found that first, investor attention can significantly improve the green innovation capability of listed companies, which is reflected in the quantity and quality of green innovation. Second, financing constraints play a significant intermediary role between investors' concerns and green innovation performance. Investors' attention to companies can alleviate information asymmetry, reduce financing constraints and stimulate the vitality of green innovation. Third, environmental regulation can be used as an effective moderator to enhance the role of investors in green innovation of enterprises. If the local environmental regulation is rigid, the company will be more sensitive to investors' concerns and promote green technology innovation. Fourth, the negative attention of investors has a greater effect on the green innovation performance of enterprises than the positive attention, indicating that the negative public opinion of investors has caused certain pressure on enterprises and urges enterprises to carry out green innovation. The degree of informatization in the eastern areas is relatively high, so investor attention has a greater impact on green innovation compared with that in the west. In terms of industry heterogeneity, the impact of investor attention on high-polluting industries on green innovation performance is significantly lower than that in non-high-polluting industries, and high-polluting enterprises are not inclined to green innovation under the pressure of investors' attention.#br#This paper strives to make new expansions on the basis of existing research. It innovatively combines investor attention with green innovation performance. In addition, this paper also considers that investors' attention to enterprises can be divided into positive attention and negative attention, and further analyzes the subdivision dimension of investors' attention attributes. Then, this paper introduces the intermediary variable of financing constraints to study the transmission mechanism. It has studied the impact of media and other information intermediaries on corporate innovation, but has not clarified the intermediate mechanism, and has not explored the impact of retail investors' behavior on online platforms on corporate green innovation performance at a micro level. Therefore, adding the mediation effect can strengthen the ductility of the logic chain and make the article more persuasive. Environmental regulation is an external factor of the enterprise, affecting the green innovation activities of enterprises, so that the paper is more capable to reflect the current state of the economy and society. It can also promote the diversification of research related to the green innovation of enterprises, and provide feasible and targeted suggestions for enterprises to undertake social responsibilities and achieve sustainable development. At the same time, research on the social concern of corporate green governance can effectively trace the feasible path of environmental governance, which is conducive to a more comprehensive and profound understanding of the role of investors' concerns in corporate social responsibility and the promotion of online public opinion on corporate development and even the macro economy.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 89-98 [Abstract] ( 338 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1220KB] ( 701 )
99 Green Technology Innovation and Carbon Emission Efficiency:An Impact Mechanism Analysis and the Rebound Effect
Yang Haochang,Zhong Shiquan,Li Lianshui
With the rapid development of global economy, the increasingly serious greenhouse effect poses a great threat to the survival and development of human society. It has become a global issue of how to effectively control the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. To this end, China has pledged to reach the "dual carbon" goals, and proposed to speed up the green transformation of its development mode and promote green and low-carbon economic and social development. As the combination of green development and innovation-driven development concepts, green technology innovation plays an irreplaceable role in improving carbon emission efficiency and promoting the green transformation and upgrading of the economy. Therefore, under the background of realizing "dual carbon" goals and promoting high-quality economic development, it is helpful to explore effective ways to improve carbon emission efficiency from the perspective of green technology innovation and avoid the extensive development model of low resource utilization efficiency and heavy environmental pollution by studying the impact mechanism of green technology innovation on carbon emission efficiency. Moreover, it has important theoretical significance and practical values for accelerating the green transformation and upgrading of industrial structure, building a green, low-carbon and circular economic development system, and realizing the "dual carbon" goals.#br#From the perspectives of invented and improved green technology innovation, this paper uses the panel data of 30 provincial regions in China from 2006 to 2020 to analyze the impact of green technology innovation on carbon emission efficiency, and draws the following conclusions. (1) Both invented and improved green technology innovation are beneficial to the improvement of carbon emission efficiency on the whole, and the improved green technology innovation has a greater effect on the improvement of carbon emission efficiency. At the regional level, invented and improved green technology innovation have significantly promoted the improvement of carbon emission efficiency in the eastern and western regions, and the promotion effect of improved green technology innovation on carbon emission efficiency is greater than that of invented green technology innovation, but it is not significant in the central region. (2) Both environmental regulation and industrial structure upgrading have partial mediating effects on the impacts of invented and improved green technology innovation on carbon emission efficiency, while urbanization has the masking effect on the impacts of invented and improved green technology innovation on carbon emission efficiency. (3) The influence of invented and improved green technology innovation on carbon emission efficiency is moderated by energy intensity, and its marginal influence is changed from promotion to inhibition with the increase of energy intensity, that is, the influences of invented and improved green technology innovation on carbon emission efficiency present a clear "rebound effect". At the same time, the "rebound effect" of invented green technology innovation on carbon emission efficiency is greater than that of improved green technology innovation.#br#Compared with the existing studies, the marginal contribution of this paper is mainly reflected in three aspects. Firstly from the perspective of green patent types, this paper provides a causal identification of the internal mechanism of green technology innovation to improve carbon emission efficiency, and it further explores which is more conducive to improving carbon emission efficiency: invented green technology innovation or improved green technology innovation. Secondly by introducing environmental regulation, urbanization and industrial structure upgrading as mediating variables, it analyzes the transmission mechanism of the relationship among invented and improved green technology innovation and carbon emission efficiency, and reveals the indirect action mechanism of invented and improved green technology innovation to promote the improvement of carbon emission efficiency. Lastly this paper explores the "rebound effect" of different types of green technology innovation on carbon emission efficiency, and further uses a partially linear functional-coefficient model to carry out a visual analysis of the "rebound effect". By the end,it provides useful reference for promoting green low-carbon transformation of Chinese economy and realizing "double carbon" goals.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 99-107 [Abstract] ( 490 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1235KB] ( 186 )
108 Does the New Government-business Relationship Promote the Quantity and Quality of Green Innovation?Evidence from Chinese Listed Firms
Shi Huaiwang,Yang Peng,Xiao Renqiao,Yang Wei
In the past few decades, global environmental pollution continues to worsen and climate-related natural disasters occur frequently, compelling governments around the world to shift their focus from traditional productivity-driven innovations to sustainable growth-oriented green innovations. As the main body of innovation, enterprises are an important force leading green innovation. Enterprises rarely carry out spontaneous green innovation, and prefer to carry out green innovation under the guidance of the government. The institutional theory holds that institutional changes affect the strategic choices of enterprises. As a strategic choice of enterprises, green innovation is inevitably affected by the relationship between government and business. In 2016, General Secretary Xi Jinping first proposed a new type of relationship, with the features of being 'close' and 'unsullied'. Being 'close' requires government officials to act, take responsibility, and take the initiative tosolve the difficulties encountered by enterprises in the development process; being 'unsullied' requires the government to adhere to impartiality in law enforcement when dealing with enterprises, and prevent corruption. The new government-business relationship can not only urge the government to be proactive, but also facilitate the healthy development of enterprises under the guidance of the government.#br#Existing studies have explored the impact of the new government-business relationship on firms competitive advantage, performance robustness, investment efficiency and general innovation strategies. However, there is still a lack of systematic theoretical explanation and empirical evidence for the relationship between the new government-business relationship and green innovation of enterprises.Thus this study uses the green patent data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2017 to 2019 to empirically test the impact of the new government-business relationship on the green innovation of enterprises.#br#The findings of this study are as follows. First, the new government-business relationship not only promotes the quantity of the green innovation of enterprises, but also significantly improves the quality. From the economic point of view, every one per cent increase in the new government-business relationship can increase the number of green patents and green invention patents of local enterprises by 0.61 and 0.41 on average, respectively. Moreover, this promoting effect is more obvious in the sample of private enterprises. Second, the mechanism test shows that the new government-business relationship promotes green innovation by helping enterprises obtain government innovation subsidies and reducing the uncertainty faced by enterprises in innovation activities. Third, further research shows that the new government-business relationship can help the government realize the original policy intention of promoting the green innovation of enterprises by using environmental regulation.#br#The following policy recommendations are put forward. On the premise that the market plays a decisive role in resource allocation, the government must clearly define the scope of its power and governance boundaries and be both 'close' and 'unsullied' in its dealings with enterprises, which is conducive to promoting the construction of a new type of government-business relationship. At the same time, the government should actively encourage officials to contact and visit local enterprises on a regular basis to truly understand the difficulties and needs of enterprises in the process of green innovation. This will not only help the government provide more targeted government resources for enterprises, but also improve the motivation of enterprises to take the initiative to carry out green innovation.#br#This research contributes to the literature in three ways. First,the research findings of this paper broaden the application boundary of institutional theory. Most of the existing literature have found that the government-business relationship has a negative effect on corporate innovation from the perspective of political association. This empirical analysis provides empirical evidence for the government to promote green innovation through the construction of the new government-business relationship. Second, this paper reveals the mechanism of the new government-business relationship affecting enterprise green innovation, expands the research on the new government-business relationship, and provides a theoretical explanation for the government-driven corporate green innovation. Third, no unified conclusion has been reached on the impact of existing environmental regulation policies on green innovation of enterprises. This paper finds that the new government-business relationship can help the government achieve its original policy intention of promoting green innovation through environmental regulation, thus providing new empirical evidence for the Porter hypothesis.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 108-117 [Abstract] ( 162 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1177KB] ( 235 )
Environmental Regulation and Green Innovation
118 Information Transparency, Environmental Protection Concern and Green Innovation of Heavily Polluting Enterprises
Zhang Yuming,Liu Han,Li Shuang
Environmental pollution has become a major threat to human survival. In order to achieve high-quality economic development and environmental protection, green innovation that takes into account economic and environmental benefits is an inevitable choice for enterprises. Green innovation is an essential part in dealing with climate change, and it has important practical significance for realizing sustainable economic development. As an information and governance mechanism, corporate information transparency plays an important role in resolving the difficulties in the financing and investment of green innovation.#br#This paper analyzes the impact of information transparency on the green innovation of heavily polluting enterprises from the internal and external perspectives with the samples of the listed heavily polluting enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2011 to 2020. The results show that information transparency can significantly improve the green innovation performance of heavily polluting enterprises. Environmental protection concern from the government and the public can play a positive role in the relationship between information transparency and green innovation of heavily polluting enterprises. The mechanism test results show that information transparency mainly affects the green innovation performance of heavily polluting enterprises by alleviating external financing costs and promoting internal green innovation willingness.#br#This study makes several contributions to the literature. Firstly, it examines the impact of information transparency on alleviating the “resource” and “willingness” barriers to green innovation in heavily polluting enterprises from the perspective of information mechanisms for the first time, and enriches relevant theories. At the same time,information transparency has both internal and external functions which deserve further attention from the academic community. Secondly, this paper further incorporates external institutional factors into the research framework, analyzes the moderating effect and environmental effect of the “formal institution” of government environmental protection concern and the “informal institution” of public environmental protection concern, which can be conducive to inspiring the enthusiasm of enterprises in green governance, and provides supports for promoting green innovation from the government and public levels. At the same time, it has promoted the integration of institutional theory, information asymmetry theory, and corporate governance theory, as well as the development of relevant research. Thirdly, it provides a foundation for the government to play the role of “supporting hand”, improve and optimize supervision and governance so that enterprises are guided to provide detailed and standardized accounting information disclosure, and maintain high level ofinformation transparency, which has certain practical significance.#br#According to the research conclusions, the following policy implications are drawn. Firstly, it is essential to improve the transparency of corporate accounting information and the tolerance of green innovation failure. The information mechanism plays a supporting and rectifying role in green innovation, and can help heavily polluting enterprises realize green transformation through multiple effects. Therefore, enterprises should improve their internal control and information transmission mechanisms, create a good foundation for information to play a real and effective role, and then promote green innovation of enterprises. In addition, enterprises should correctly understand the incentive and protection roles of information transparency for company managers, and improve the tolerance of green innovation failure through theinformation mechanism. Secondly, the government should give full play to the roles of “guide” and “supporter”. On the one hand, the government should actively explore reasonable environmental protection regulatory measures, and keep optimizing them; it is worth noting that given the heterogeneity of enterprises, local governments should adopt policies tailored to local conditions. On the other hand, the government should increase the investment and support for enterprise green innovation.Thirdly, it is critical to integrate green innovation into public life, broaden the channels for public participation in environmental protection, and improve the public communication and feedback mechanism. Relevant government departments should give publicity to a green lifestyle, and encourage the public to take environmental protection participation as their own responsibility; they also need to improve the environmental petition system, encourage the public to express their opinions through the media and other channels, and further strengthen the information interaction among the government, enterprises and the public so as to benefit the green development process of enterprises.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 118-129 [Abstract] ( 233 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1213KB] ( 357 )
130 Heterogeneous Environmental Regulation, Environmental Dual Strategy and Green Technology Innovation
Du Ke,Chen Guanju,Liang Jinkai
With the increasing awareness of environmental protection in all walks of life, the green development of enterprises is getting more and more attention. Only by integrating the green and low-carbon sustainable development strategy into the development of enterprises can enterprises gain market recognition and competitive advantages, and enterprises' green transformation shall take a long time. The most effective way for enterprises to respond to environmental regulations (ER) is to implement environmental strategies (ES) and carry out green technological innovation (GTI). Among them, according to the different subjects and forms of constraints, this paper divides environmental regulation into command and control environment regulations (CAC), market-based incentive(MBI) and voluntary environmental program(VEP). According to the purpose and direction of its implementation, environment strategy is divided into reactive (RES) and proactive (PES) types. On one hand, existing research has gradually shifted from a single regulatory influence to a multi-regulatory composite analysis, while the attention to regulatory constraints is mostly influenced by the government, and corporate spontaneous constraints are less, and thus it is necessary to sort out the effects and differences of heterogeneous environmental regulations. On the other hand, most studies focus on the overall driving mechanism and effect of environmental strategies, ignoring the fact that enterprises dynamically adjust environmental strategies, and cannot explain the mechanism of differences in environmental performance caused by coordinating dual environmental strategies under different scenarios. In addition, less attention is paid to the impact on response regulation, strategic decision-making and behavioral performance of enterprises due to their differences in life cycle stages. Therefore drawing on the natural resource base view and institutional theory, this paper constructs a research framework of "environmental regulation—environmental strategy—green technology innovation" according to the heavily polluting manufacturing listed companies in China and discusses how enterprises can respond to heterogeneous environmental regulations and promote green technology innovation by coordinating dual environmental strategies.#br#The sample companies are determined by referring to the Environmental Information Disclosure Guide of Listed Companies in 2010 and the Industry Classification Standard issued by China Securities Regulatory Commission in 2012, and the sample data of 358 companies from 2013 to 2020 are selected from China Environmental Statistics Yearbook and CNRDS database, with a total of 2 864 valid observation results.#br#The findings are as follows. (1) Environmental regulation has a positive impact on environmental strategy. VEP has the highest importance to each strategy, and it has a higher impact on PES than RES; CAC has a greater impact on RES while MBI is more important to PES. (2) There are differences in the promotion effects of various environmental regulations on green technological innovation. MBI is the most important, followed by VEP and finally CAC. (3) Environmental dual strategy plays a mediating role in environmental regulations and green technological innovation. Various ER affect GTI by affecting RES and PES; both RES and PES promote GTI, and PES is more important. (4) For enterprises with different life cycles, in the process of ER driving ES, there is no significant difference in the promotion effect of CAC in each life cycle stage; the promotion effect of MBI on ES in growth period is stronger; VEP has a stronger effect on the implementation of RES in mature stage and PES in recession stage, and in the process of ES driving GTI, the positive effect of RES in mature period is higher than in other periods; the positive effect of PES in recession period is the greatest. In the process of ER to promote GTI, the promotion effect of growing enterprises under the influence of various ER is stronger.#br# By dividing the subject and form of constraints,this study explores the driving effects of different types of environmental regulations on enterprise environmental dual strategy and green technology innovation, and reveals the performance from external systems to internal strategies. It further expounds the differences of environmental dual strategy in regulating and influencing green technological innovation from the dual strategic perspective, the natural resource-based view and etc.,improving the practical understanding of environmental strategy and enriching the theoretical value and applied research of dual strategy. Moreover with the effectiveness analysis of the driving mechanism of green technology innovation in different enterprise life cycle scenarios, the research perspective of green technology innovation has been expanded.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 130-140 [Abstract] ( 314 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1235KB] ( 493 )
141 Can Environmental Regulation Tools Improve the Quantity and Quality of Enterprise Green Technology Innovation under the Condition of Digital Economy?
Hua Shuming,Li Jingze
As China endeavors to achieve a comprehensive green transition，it is now actively exploring the path of coordinated development of economy and environment, in which innovation is constantly emphasized as the driving force for leading development and as an important impetus for achieving coordinated development of economy and environment. The green technology innovation is the double benefit of both technology progress and environment protection, and it is an effective means to encourage the green innovation activities of enterprises and realize the win-win of economic development and environment protection. At the same time, with the continuous increase of innovation incentives, China's innovation quantity has ranked first in the world, but in contrast the quality of innovation in China lags behind, and the core technology bottlenecks seriously threaten the economic security. Therefore China is in urgent need of transformation to an innovation power. In this context, it is of great practical significance for China to explore how to improve the quantity and quality of green innovation.#br#In the market economy, it is difficult for enterprises to carry out green innovation input spontaneously based on their own interests, hence it has become a hot topic of how to encourage enterprise green innovation in the academic field. Existing studies have found that environmental regulations have important impacts on enterprise innovation, and environmental regulation policies are vital for government to stimulate enterprise innovation, but there are significant differences among different policy instruments, the innovation incentive mechanism of environmental regulation tools is different and influenced by the external conditions. So how should the government choose the environmental regulation tools toachieve appropriate supervision intensity, so as to achieve positive incentives for green innovation? At the same time, with the advent of the digital economy, the digital economy has reshaped the economic structure and changed the innovation paradigm by virtue of its high permeability, intensive knowledge creation and extensive empowerment. The existing literature finds that the development of the digital economy promotes technological innovation, and studies its indirect impact on innovation based on the enabling role of the digital economy and changes in market conditions. Then how will the incentive mechanism for innovation of various environmental regulatory instruments change?#br#To answer this question, this study uses the panel data of A-share listed companies from 2013 to 2019 as samples, and employs the fixed panel model and the panel threshold model, to empirically analyze the direct impact of three environmental regulatory tools and the digital economy on the quality and quantity of green technology innovation, and the incentive effect of different regulatory tools on green innovation in the digital economy. The innovation incentive effect of regulatory instruments is compared based on the different scale of enterprises.#br#The results confirm that market-based regulation promotes the quality and quantity of green technology innovation of enterprises, while order-based regulation promotes the quantity of green technology innovation, but it has no significant effect on quality, while public participation-based regulation has no significant effect on the quality and quantity of green technology innovation. It's also found that the digital economy can promote the quality and quantity of green technology innovation of enterprises, the incentive effect of market incentive regulation on the quality and quantity of green technology innovation, and the incentive effect of imperative regulation and public participation regulation on the quantity of green innovation; the incentive effect of restraining public participation regulation on green innovation quality is the same as that of dictating regulation. The heterogeneity test results show that the incentive effect of environmental regulation tools on green innovation is various for enterprises of different sizes, and large enterprises have innovation strategy rigidity.#br#This study has the following highlights. First, different from the existing research on green technology innovation, this paper starts from the quality and quantity dimensions of green innovation to make a deep analysis of environmental regulation tools and the digital economy on its direct impact. Secondly, it takes the digital economy as the external condition and brings it into the impact mechanism of environmental regulation tools on enterprise green innovation. Finally, compared with most existing literature which uses macro-data to analyze heterogeneity from the geographical point of view, this paper uses the micro-listed enterprise data to explore the heterogeneity of different enterprise sizes and puts forward more targeted recommendations.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 141-150 [Abstract] ( 223 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1166KB] ( 304 )
151 Has Ecological Civilization Construction Promoted Green Technology Innovation?An Empirical Assessment from Synthetic Control Method
Zhang Hong,Hu Jin
Green technology innovation can enable enterprises to carry out green production to reduce costs and gain competitive advantages, and transfer green technology to obtain transfer benefits and produce technology spillover effects.It can provide the residents with green products and a green environment. Thus, green technology innovation is the consensual goal of environmental regulation policy to achieve “innovation compensation” and is a key part of supporting green and high-quality development. However, the validity of “Porter hypothesis” is still controversial in the academic community. #br#This study uses a synthetic control method to circumvent the sample selection bias and policy endogeneity that may exist in previous policy assessment methods. The most applied method in the research on the assessment of the effects of ecological civilization construction policies is the difference-in-differences method. However, the division of treatment and control groups is subject to regional heterogeneity, and it may easily lead to sample selection bias in policy assessment. The green patent data of 30 provinces from 2010 to 2020 is studied based on the policy of ecological civilization construction to verify the “Porter hypothesis” validity. The study aims to provide a theoretical reference for the provincial governments to choose their environmental policies prudently.#br#The results show that the ecological civilization construction policy can promote green technology innovation in Fujian, Jiangxi, and Guizhou, among which Jiangxi and Guizhou have responded quickly and shown the policy effect since the implementation of the ecological civilization pilot demonstration zone in 2013, while Fujian was relatively slow and the policy effect was presented only after the implementation of the ecological civilization pilot zone in 2014. Overall, the policy effects in Fujian and Jiangxi are relatively good, while the policy effects in Guizhou are relatively weak. The three provinces do not have the same driving force to promote green technology innovation in accordance to the same ecological civilization construction policy. Fujian is mainly dependent on the science and technology funding, Jiangxi is mainly driven by the effect of basic research and environmental infrastructure, and the effect of science and technology talents is significant in Guizhou. The different driving forces also bring differences in the green technology innovation effects of the three provinces in terms of innovation patent categories. For Guizhou, driven by the science and technology talent effect, the ecological civilization construction policy has significantly pushed up the number of green invention patents instead of the number of green utility model patents, mainly by increasing the number of science and technology talents. Since 2013, the policy has had varying degrees of success in different regions. Fujian has been driven by science and technology funding, while Jiangxi has focused on basic research and environmental infrastructure. However, in Guizhou, the quality and incremental effects of green technology innovation are relatively weak. The quality and quantity effects of green technology innovation are both significant, but the quality effect lags by one year compared with Guizhou.#br#In summary, the quality improvement effect of green technology innovation can be rapidly brought about by the effect of scientific and technological talents. However, the injection of scientific and technological talents alone cannot bring about the multiplier spillover effect, thus sacrificing the incremental effect. Although the effect of environmental infrastructure will lag behind the quality improvement effect, green technology innovation can be driven by the two wheels of incrementaleffect and quality improvement in the long run. Meanwhile,the ecological civilization policy can promote green technology innovation in Fujian and Jiangxi. In contrast, the policy effect in Guizhou is weaker because Guizhou's science and technology talent-driven strategy has only aqualitativeeffect but not a quantitative effect compared to those of Fujian's science and technology funding and Jiangxi's basic research and environmental infrastructure-driven strategy. Thus, the central government should continue the ecological civilization construction, fully exploit the stimulating effect of environmental policies on green technological innovation and promote green development accordingly. The provincial governments should fully consider the characteristics of their resource endowment, comprehensively consider the advantages and disadvantages of each driving model, and keep the driving force suitable for the development according to the local conditions.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (8): 151-160 [Abstract] ( 355 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1532KB] ( 206 )
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