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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
2021 Vol.38 Issue.19
Published 2021-10-10
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
Regional Scientific Development
Industrial Technological Progress
Enterprise Innovation Management
Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
Review
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
1
A Three Level Method for Technology Opportunity Identification and Its Applicationbased on SAO Semantic Analysis and Multidimensional Map of Technology Innovation
Feng Lijie,Zeng Xiaohong,Wang Jinfeng,Zhang Ke
It is critical for enterprises to accurately identify technological opportunities in the complex and changeable market competition environment.The Subject-Action-Object (SAO) structures were extracted from the patent texts by SAO semantic analysis.Guided by the innovation dimension of multidimensional map of technology innovation, the three-level semantic knowledge base of innovation dimension was constructed by semantic similarity and topic clustering based on the initial dictionary of innovation dimension in the field of concrete technology.Then, the three-level semantic knowledge base based on innovation dimension was iterated by using the coupling principle of innovation dimension and innovation rules to identify the technology opportunities at three levels of technical morphologies, innovation sub-dimensions and innovation dimensions.Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method were verified by taking 3D printer as an example.The proposed method integrating the SAO semantic analysis and multidimensional map of technology innovation can provide a scientific decision reference for enterprises to accurately identify technology opportunities efficiently and accurately.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 1-10 [
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Management Creativity and Organizational Performance: Considering the Mediating Effect of Innovation Opportunity Identification and the Moderating Effect of Positive Emotion
Yu Dongping,Wang Jingfei,Tao Wenxing
Based on creativity theory and resource advantage theory, this paper constructed a theoretical model of the relationship between management creativity and organizational performance with the consideration of the mediating effect of innovation opportunity identification and the moderating effect of positive emotion, and tested it based on 187 valid questionnaires.The research results show that: firstly, in the overall sample, management creativity has a significantly positive effect on organizational performance, and innovation opportunity identification plays a partial mediating effect on the relationship between management creativity and organizational performance, and positive emotion positively moderates the relationship between management creativity and organizational performance.Secondly, in the samples of state-owned enterprises, the innovation opportunity identification of managers does not play a significant mediating effect on the relationship between management creativity and organizational performance, but positive emotion plays a significantly positive moderating effect on the relationship of them.Thirdly, in the samples of private enterprises, manager's innovation opportunity identification plays a completely mediating effect on the relationship between management creativity and organizational performance, but positive emotion does not play a significant moderating effect on the relationship of them.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 11-18 [
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Network Structure, Enterprise Characteristics and Evolution Trends of Enterprise-University-Institute Collaboration Innovation Ability
Ren Yike,Zhang Licheng,Duan Weiyu
Based on data of patents application about enterprise-university-institute collaboration associated with A-share listed companies from 1998 to 2019, dynamic patents collaboration networks are constructed.Using complex network analysis methods, we analyze the evolution trends of the whole structure of E-U-I patent collaboration, and explore dynamic patterns of collaboration intensity,knowledge absorptive capacity, knowledge control capacity, and cluster development capacity from three kinds of perspectives which are factor intensity, life cycle, and regional location. The results show that,regardless of enterprise characteristics,the collaborations among enterprises, universities, and institutes become more widespread, density gradually decreases, the small-world properties get greater, the scale-free structure becomes gradually stable and innovation clusters are more and more independent. Gaps in knowledge capacity or knowledge control capacity between enterprises get narrower, but those in cluster development capacity become wider. Compared with factor intensity, life cycle and regional location have a greater impact on the structure of the E-U-I collaboration network. These findings provide empirical support for government decisions to stimulate enterprise innovation vitality and promote the coordinated development of regional innovation.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 19-28 [
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Study on Ethical Orientation of the Demarcation of Technological Values and Its Decision-making：Take Paul's Demarcation Theory of Technological Values with Uncertain Consequences as an Example
Xu Huaike
The reasonable demarcation of technological value is the basis for rational decision-making. For the new complex technologies, especially those with uncertain consequences, the difference of value cognition between different subjects directly leads to the unclear value boundaries, which becomes the difficultiy for rational decision-making. Taking Paul's theory of practical discourse ethics as a cognitive approach, the paper discusses the demarcating method to such technological values. By comparing the differences of consequences between utilitarianism and libertarianism in value cognition and judgment, the study reveals the reason for the drifting of technological value with uncertain consequences among different subjects, and explores the method of producing the boundary of technological value of ethical dimension among different subjects. In an open discourse environment, the consensus among different value subjects is the ethical boundary of technological value. It can provide an ethical support for the justness of decision-making, avoid excessive deviation of technological value and improper decision-making in application caused by the lack of subjects, and has practical methodological value for the decision-making of uncertain consequence technologies such as the problem of transgenic rice in China.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 29-36 [
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Regional Scientific Development
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Does the Flow of R&D Elements under the Compression of Time and Space Improve the Efficiency of Regional Green Innovation
Li Tao,Liu Guoyan
The spatial weight matrix is constructed based on the commuting time of high-speed rail between regions. The spatial Dobbin model (SDM) and the panel threshold model (PTR) are used to empirically test the impact of R&D factor flow on regional green innovation efficiency under space-time compression. The results show that: after the opening of high-speed rail, the promotion effect of R&D factor flow on green innovation efficiency is significantly enhanced, and the direct effect of R&D personnel flow is greater; the influence of R&D factor flow on green innovation efficiency under the compression of time and space is regional heterogeneity, the eastern region is more likely to benefit from the higher degree and ability of innovation resources, while the western region is limited by geographical location In the stage of economic development, the influence of R&D factor flow on its green innovation efficiency is weak; the four moderating factors of R & D personnel flow, financial expenditure on science and technology, infrastructure construction and marketization level all show threshold characteristics and all show "gradient" enhancement.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 37-46 [
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Scientific Competitiveness Evaluation and Regional Heterogeneity Analysis of Yangtze River Economic Belt
Wang Shouwen,Xu Lijie,Zhou Weihua
Scientific competitiveness is the fundamental capacity to promote national science and technology self-reliance, self-improvement and innovative development. It is of great significance to improve the scientific competitiveness for the high-quality development of the Yangtze River economic belt, and is helpful to the implementation of the national regional development strategy. For the first time, this paper constructs an evaluation system of scientific competitiveness from three dimensions: the stock of scientific resources, the input of scientific resources and the output of scientific achievements, calculates the ranking of scientific competitiveness of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China through the weighted entropy method, judges the change trend of scientific competitiveness from 2009 to 2018, and analyzes the regional heterogeneity by calculating Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. The results show that: from the perspective of development trend, the overall competitiveness of science in 2009-2018 is on the rise, with an increase of 29.97%; from the perspective of regional differences, scientific competitiveness shows a significant cascade decline from the downstream to the upstream, and there is a huge difference between the upstream and downstream regions; from the perspective of core indicators, the Yangtze River economic belt has obvious advantages in the whole country, but there are some problems such as the dominant stock and input of scientific resources, and the relatively low output level of scientific achievements. Therefore, the Yangtze River Economic Belt should layout high-quality innovation carrier precisely, construct scientist community, cultivate scientific consortia and build inter provincial scientific collaboration alliance.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 47-55 [
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Industrial Technological Progress
56
Research on the Evaluation of the Impact of Industrial Policy on Business Model Innovation：Take Photovoltaic and Artificial Intelligence Listed Companies as Examples
Li Yongfa,Chen Shuyang,Luo Ti
Industrial policy is an important tool for the government to guide industrial development and adjust the imbalance of the industrial structure, which affects the level of business model innovation. Based on the data of 82 Chinese photovoltaics and 52 artificial intelligence listed companies, the cs QCA method is adopted to explore the combination of industrial policy and other factors that lead to high-level or low-level business model innovation from the three dimensions of selection level, incentive level and engagement level the way. The research found that:the role of different attribute levels in industrial policies is different. The path of high-level and low-level business model innovation is not a simple symmetrical relationship, nor is a single condition that can play a decisive role, or it depends on the combination of different conditions.There are differences in the effects of various industrial policy attributes in different industries on business model innovation. Finally, by setting the evaluation criteria of business model innovation, it provides a feasible idea for optimizing the diagnosis of business model innovation path.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 56-64 [
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How to Upgrade Pollution Intensive Industrial Clusters:based on the Fitting Perspective of Industrial Activity Type and Ecosystem Coupling Mode
Li Chunyou,Lu Xiaowei
How to implement the ecological development concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" is put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping. It has become a development problem that China's manufacturing industry must crack to realize the green and sustainable development of pollution intensive industrial clusters. Introducing ecosystem theory and following the logic of "the mode of material production determines the mode of social production", this paper explores the fitting mechanism of different types of industrial activities and ecosystem coupling modes (free coupling, fixed coupling, constraint coupling and self-adaptive coupling) on the upgrading of pollution intensive industrial clusters. Shaoxing textile printing and dyeing industry cluster is selected as the research object, and profile deviation analysis and case analysis are used to make an empirical test. The results show that the appropriate fitting of different types of industrial activities and ecosystem coupling mode has a positive impact on the upgrading of pollution intensive industrial clusters；for high uncertainty and low sharing industrial activities,free coupling mode should be adopted;for low uncertainty and high sharing industrial activities, fixed coupling mode should be adopted;for medium uncertainty and medium sharing industrial activities,constraint coupling model should be adopted.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 65-74 [
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Enterprise Innovation Management
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Research on Influencing Factors of Innovation Performance of Technology M&A Enterprises：Taking the High-end Equipment Manufacturing Industry as an Example
Qi Yong,Song Hancheng
This paper selects technology M&A events in China's high-end manufacturing industry from 2013 to 2017, and uses this as an object to study the factors affecting the innovation performance of technology M&A companies. The results show that the inter-firm relationship, technology absorptive capacity and the absolute knowledge scale of the target company have a positive impact on the innovation performance of technology M&A companies, while the relative knowledge scale and listing duration of both parties have a negative impact on the innovation performance of technology M&A companies. And the inter-firm relationship and technology absorptive capacity can weaken the negative impact of the relative knowledge scale of the M&A parties and the innovation performance of the enterprise. On this basis, this article believes that after the high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises have developed to a mature stage, they can carry out innovative activities through technological mergers and acquisitions. And then acquirers should choose the appropriate target companies which have absolute knowledge scale according to their own technological absorption capacity. Besides, it is necessary to continue to strengthen the intensity of R&D investment and strengthen the ability of technological integration.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 75-82 [
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The Impact of Strategic Learning Ability on Competitive Advantage:Mediation of Ambidextrous Innovation and Moderation of Environmental Dynamics
Wang Kan,Tang Saijun
Strategic learning and ambidexterity innovation have become important ways for enterprises to gain competitive advantages, but the path of the process is still unclear.Based on 245 samples data of Chinese technology enterprises, this paper studied the impact of strategic learning ability on the competitive advantage, and analyzed the mediating role of ambidextrous innovation between strategic learning ability and competitive advantage, as well as the moderating role of environmental dynamics on the relationships between the variables.The empirical study results show that:the strategic learning ability has significant positive effect on ambidexterity innovation, as well as the ambidexterity innovation has significant positive influence on competitive advantage.The ambidexterity innovation plays a mediating role between strategic learning ability and competitive advantage.In addition, environmental dynamics significantly negatively moderate the relationship between strategic learning ability and exploitative innovation, but it has no significant moderating effect on the relationship between strategic learning ability and exploration innovation.The mediating effect of ambidexterity innovation between strategic learning ability and competitive advantage is moderated by the significant difference of environmental dynamics.The research findings expand the theoretical space of strategic learning ability, ambidexterity innovation and competitive advantage, as well as enrich the practical guidance to build and enhance competitive advantage of technological enterprises in the context of China's economic transition.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 83-90 [
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Intellectual Property Protection, Technical Advantage and Entrepreneurial Quality: an Empirical Study based on Chinese Listed Returnees' Venture Enterprises in High-tech Industry
Zhu Jinsheng,Tan Yi
Combined with the impact of intellectual property protection(ipp) in the external environment on high-tech enterprises, this paper discusses whether the technical advantages of high-level returnees contribute to high-quality entrepreneurship.The listed returnees′ enterprises in the high-tech industry from 2010-2018 are selected as the research samples in this paper. After calculating the overall technical advantage index and constructing a comprehensive index of entrepreneurial quality with the consideration of three dimensions of entrepreneurial performance, entrepreneurial development and entrepreneurial innovation based on the data of listed returnees′ enterprises in China's high-tech industry from 2010 to 2018, what the relationship between the technical advantages and entrepreneurial quality of returnees is and how the level of ipp impacts the technical advantages and entrepreneurial quality of returnees are discussed in an empirical test. The results indicate as follows：①returnees do have technological advantages in the high-tech industry;②the stronger the returnees ′technological advantages, the higher the entrepreneurial quality;③the regulatory effect of the level of ipp can positively improve the relationship between the technological advantages and entrepreneurial quality of returnees′enterprises, which means that the higher the level of ipp, the more significant the positive impact of technological advantages on entrepreneurial quality. However, when the level of ipp is at a low level, it is difficult to successfully transform technological advantages into enterprise performance, and the quality of entrepreneurship can not be guaranteed.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 91-99 [
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The Effects of Contractual Forms on Supplier Innovativeness in Green Product Collaborative Innovation：the Mediating Role of Allocation of Supplier's Green Innovation Resources Preferentially and the Moderating Role of Product Complexity and Technological Novelty
Li Bo,Wang Congdi,He Zheng
Motivating supplier innovativeness is of great significance to collaborative innovation of supply chain.From the perspective of contractual governance, this study discusses the effects of contractual forms on supplier innovativeness when supplier involvement into green product innovation.Based on 231 valid samples from manufactures, the empirical research indicated that:①there is an inverted U—shaped relationship between process control contract and supplier innovativeness, there is a positive relationship between target incentive contract and supplier innovativeness;②allocation of supplier green innovation resources preferentially mediates the relationship between two contractual forms and supplier innovativeness;③this study explores the moderated mediation effects of product complexity and technological novelty, both product complexity and technology novelty positively moderated the indirect effect of target incentive contract on supplier innovativeness, technology novelty negatively moderated the indirect effect of process control contract on supplier innovativeness.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 100-109 [
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Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
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Research on the Construction and Mechanism of Governance of Research Misconduct in Universities
Hao Kaibing,Guo Ju'e,Zhang Cong,Dong Hao
This paper explores the effect and mechanism of university governance factors on individual researcher's academic misconduct. Firstly, based on the computational experimental research method, a three-level theoretical model is constructed which consists of university system level, intelligent subject level and intelligent subject element level. Secondly, the influencing factors of the experimental observation are selected and set, and computational experiment are modelled and performed. The research finds that the influencing factors of university system level, intelligent subject level and intelligent subject element level have effects through different paths: strengthening the research misconduct ability of universities to improve the investigation rate to make the individual "do not dare" to do research misconduct, and ensuring the persistence of the governance effect of universities make research misconduct "cannot" spread among individuals by the obstruction of the contagion effect, and the scientific research personnel actively resist by making the unwanted rate cause the individual to "do not want to" to do research misconduct. Finally, strategic suggestions to control research misconduct in universities are put forward.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 110-118 [
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Research on the Policy Quantification and Evolution of Science and Technology Business Incubator
Wen Yuan,Wei Huai′an,Li Xuyan
The policy of technology business incubators is the institutional driving force that promotes the innovation and development of technology business incubators. This paper constructs a two-dimensional framework of "Policy Tools-Value Creation", through the content analysis method to quantitatively analyze the 182 technology business incubator policy texts issued by the central and local governments in my country from 2000 to 2019, and use NVivo 12 to achieve policy text encoding and statistical analysis , revealing the horizontal coordination and vertical evolution of policies.The research finds that the application of policy tools in incubators shows a horizontal differentiation trend: there are more applications of policy-guided policy tools and government-led policy tools with a strong degree of government involvement. Government-led policy tools are shifting to a vertical evolution trend of both strategic-guided policy tools and government-led policy tools; at the same time, the application of incubator policy tools is concentrated in the value incubation stage, and the application frequency of policy tools in the value start-up and value acceleration stages is low. Finally, policy suggestions are given to improve the combination of policy tools and strengthen the effective integration of policy tools and value creation stage.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 119-128 [
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Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
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Cross Level Effects of Multi-foci Procedural Justice Climate from Multiple Perspectives on Individual Creativity
Xie Zhitao
To explore organizational justice from the perspective of source is an important supplement to the existing multi-dimensional framework of equity theoretical. Based on the self-determination theory of motivation theory, this paper takes 55 teams from 20 organizations and 250 team leaders and members as samples and discusses the cross level effects and mechanism of Multi-foci procedural justice climate on individual creativity in China. The result shows that different sources of the procedural justice climate (both the leader focused and the organizational focused) have significant positive impacts on individual creativity. Both the positive cross level effects of leader focused and of organizational focused procedural justice climate on individual creativity are mediated by employee psychological empowerment. Power distance has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between organizational focused procedural justice climate and employee psychological empowerment, which means for employees with high power distance, the relationship between organizational procedural justice climate and psychological empowerment is stronger.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 129-136 [
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The Dual Mediating Paths from Organizational Justice to Entrepreneurial Team Creativity: based on the Perspective of Social loafing and Team Efficacy
Chen Chong,Yu Caiting,Zhang Jia
From the perspective of social loafing and team efficacy, the internal mechanism of organizational justice to entrepreneurial team creativity was revealed, and a dual mediating path from organizational justice to entrepreneurial team creativity was constructed. Valid samples from 81 entrepreneurial teams in Henan province were collected, and statistical analysis software were utilized to test the theoretical model．The research results show as follows:organizational justice has a positive impact on team efficacy, and team efficacy mediates the relationship between organizational justice and team creativity. Social loafing mediates the relationship between organizational justice and team creativity.Team learning behavior plays a positive moderating role between team efficacy and team creativity, and plays a positive moderating role between social loafing and team creativity. The research results enrich the theoretical understanding of the path to the realization of team creativity and relevant research on social loafing, and provide certain reference value for effectively improving team creativity in entrepreneurial teams, comprehensive understanding of social loafing, and building up a team climate of fair and justice.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 137-144 [
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Research on Configuration Path of Incentive Factors of Science and Technology Talents:a QCA Analysis
Li Zuoxue,Ma Jingjing
Talent is the first resource of science and technology innovation,and the key to talent playing the role lies in motivation. There are few existing literatures that analyze the factors influencing the motivation of science and technology talents from multiple interactive perspectives. Taking 247 science and technology talents in Liaoning province as the research object,using the method of fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis,this paper discusses how incentive factors affect the job engagement of science and technology talents in multiple ways. The results show that: salary and welfare are the necessary conditions to affect the job engagement of scientific and technological talents; there are three ways to lead the active job engagement of scientific and technological talents: the first way is high performance management,high salary and welfare and high work autonomy; the second way is high performance management,high salary and welfare and high external support; the third way is high salary and welfare,high work autonomy and high external support there are two ways for the negative job engagement of scientific and technological talents,and there is an asymmetric relationship between the negative job engagement and the positive job engagement of scientific and technological talents.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 145-151 [
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Review
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Review and Prospect of R&D Collaboration Research：Based on the Perspective of Management Process
Wu Feifei,Cang Siji,Miao Hong,Yuan Fei,Huang Lucheng
R&D cooperation is an important way to make up for the shortcomings of single-body R&D capabilities and increase the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements. R&D cooperative behaviors of innovative entities are increasing. The selection principles of their cooperation modes and the matching of internal motivations have become key issues affecting the output of cooperation. However, existing research has not yet formed a systematic theoretical framework for the entire process of R&D cooperation that can provide corresponding guidance. In order to adhere to the concept of open innovation and enhance the country's scientific and technological innovation capabilities, this article combs the R&D related research status from the perspective of the entire process of R&D cooperation. In view of the problem that the large reading volume of traditional review leads to increased judgment errors, we use bibliometrics to scan relative articles and analyze research hotspots, journal distribution and author collaboration networks. On this basis, the system analysis method was used to screen out 50 key documents for analysis. Through a full-process model of R&D cooperation management, the internal motivation, partners and governance models, the evolutionary law of cooperation network and the influencing factors of performance of R&D cooperation has been discussed systematically. The exploration of research topics and future directions provides new ideas for the further research and the R&D management strategy of innovative entities.
2021 Vol. 38 (19): 152-160 [
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