将fsQCA方法应用于省域创新绩效提升研究，以我国内地31个省份为案例样本，探索技术、组织、环境维度下6个关键前因条件对创新绩效的多重并发和联动效应。研究发现：①单一条件无法构成高或非高创新绩效的必要条件，但政府财政支持在高创新绩效提升上普遍适用；②共存在3条高创新绩效和4条非高创新绩效驱动路径，高创新绩效路径可归纳为“技术驱动—政府扶持型”、“技术驱动—全维度联合导向型”、“政府支撑—知识促进型”，在一定条件下各前因条件之间具有替代关系；③区域异质性分析结果显示，东中西部地区创新绩效驱动路径具有明显差异，其中，东部地区对经济基础的要求较低，中西部地区对经济基础和技术基础的要求较高。

While China's innovation capabilities and levels are on the rise, challenges such as a lack of original innovation, the difficulty in commercializing innovation outcomes, and the existence of “innovation isolated islands” persist within the innovation ecosystem. Addressing these issues to enhance China's innovation performance is a critical concern across various sectors. Despite the ongoing increase in science and technology investments and R&D funding by Chinese provinces, the innovation output indices in some regions remain underwhelming. By scientifically quantifying the synergies within innovation networks and analyzing the impact of the configuration of multiple innovation factors on provincial innovation performance within the TOE framework, decision-makers can be empowered to implement strategies that foster a rational allocation of innovation resources, thereby enhancing innovation efficiency and regional competitive edge.
On the basis of the three dimensions of "technology-organization-environment" in the TOE framework, the fsQCA method is applied to the multi-path research of provincial innovation performance improvement. Taking 31 provinces and cities in China as case samples, this study measures the collaborative ability between innovation networks , and further analyzes the influence of the configuration effect of six innovation elements of economic development level and government financial support on innovation performance, such as knowledge innovation subjects, innovation infrastructure, R&D funds, R&D personnel investment. The research findings deeply reveal the necessary and sufficient conditions and their complex adaptation relations that affect China's regional innovation performance, distinguish the core conditions and marginal conditions that affect the improvement of regional innovation performance and identify the substitution between different antecedent conditions. The study deepens the research on the interactive relationship between innovation elements within the framework with the aim to reveal the differential role of various elements in different situations, and the competitive advantages and potential bottlenecks of regional innovation development. It further makes a comprehensive discussion on the heterogeneity of innovation performance improvement in the eastern, central and western regions of China, and reveals the differentiated choice of innovation development strategies in different regions, which helps to deeply understand the complexity of regional innovation.
The findings are as follows. (1) A single condition alone can not constitute a necessary condition for high or non-high innovation performance, but government financial support generally appears as the core condition in the promotion of high innovation performance; (2) There are three driving paths of high innovation performance and four non-high innovation performance. The three high innovation performance configurations can be summarized as "technology driven government support", "technology driven all-dimensional joint guidance" and "government support knowledge promotion". Under certain conditions, there is a substitution relationship between the antecedents. For example, a high level of regional economic development can make up for the lack of knowledge innovation subjects. (3) Due to different innovation bases, resource endowments and economic levels in various parts of China, there is heterogeneity in the promotion path of high innovation performance in the eastern, central and western regions. The eastern region has lower requirements for economic foundation, while the central and western regions have higher requirements for economic foundation and technological foundation; and R&D factor investment and government financial support are the core conditions for the three regions. The analysis of regional heterogeneity also proves that there are differences in the paths leading to China's Regional high innovation performance.
Therefore,the governments are advised to build platforms for cooperation between government, industry, university and research institutions with regional characteristics, and strengthen the marginal spillover effect of cooperation between them. With focus on the input and output efficiency of R&D funds, the governments should also increase the introduction, cultivation and retention of R&D talents, and give full play to the ability of innovative talents to absorb and re transform technology. Last but not the least, the governments should formulate policies to improve innovation performance according to the actual situation of local innovation development.