标准是引领绿色高质量发展的技术支撑，参与标准制定是强化企业绿色创新主体地位的重要途径。然而，鲜有研究揭示企业如何利用标准联盟网络结构嵌入与关系嵌入获取网络资源，进而促进绿色技术创新。基于资源基础理论与社会资本理论，以2012—2022年我国双碳标准清洁能源子体系中合作参与标准制定的企业为研究对象构建企业标准联盟网络，系统探究网络双重嵌入对企业绿色技术创新的影响，以及标准化能力与伙伴多样性的作用机制。结果表明：标准联盟网络双重嵌入能够促进企业绿色技术创新。进一步分析表明，标准联盟网络双重嵌入通过提升企业标准化能力对绿色技术创新发挥促进作用；伙伴多样性在上述过程中发挥调节作用，有助于提升企业绿色技术创新水平。结论可丰富绿色技术创新影响因素研究，为企业加入标准联盟网络并在网络中占据有利位置，进而实现绿色技术创新提供决策参考。

Green technology innovation is an important means for enterprises to improve energy use efficiency and green productivity, obtain innovative benefits, and enhance their market competitiveness. Standard, as the product of the combination of science and technology and practical experience in production, provides solid technical support and accumulation for green high-quality development and enterprise technological innovation activities. Due to the limitation of core resources such as technology, most enterprises conduct standard research through standard alliances. The degree of embeddedness of enterprises in the standard alliance network determines the differences in their access to core network resources and accumulation of social capital, and thus influences the conduct of their green technology innovation practices. However, there is little research revealing how enterprises can utilize the characteristics of network embeddedness to obtain network resources and promote green technology innovation. Therefore, the impact of standard alliance network embeddedness on enterprise green technology innovation is the focus of this paper. In addition, the standardization capability cultivated by enterprises in the process of standard alliance and the diversity of partnerships accumulated will also affect the process of green technology innovation. Existing research has demonstrated that network embeddedness contributes to the enhancement of enterprise green innovation. However, the role of the characteristics of standard alliance network embeddedness in promoting green technology innovation has not been adequately explored. In light of this, this paper, grounded in the resource-based theory and social capital theory, adheres to the "structure (S) - behavior (C) - performance (P)" logical framework. It commences from the dual embeddedness perspective of structural and relationship networks to investigate the direct impact of the dual embeddedness of the standard alliance network on green technology innovation. Additionally, it delves into the mediating and moderating roles played by standardization capability and partner diversity.
This paper centers around China's dual-carbon target and selects 339 enterprises that engaged in standard-setting cooperation within the clean energy subsystem of China's dual-carbon standard from 2012 to 2022 as the research subjects. An enterprise standard alliance network is constructed, and stepwise regression and mixed regression models are employed to examine the research hypotheses. In addition, to further test the robustness of the regression results, techniques such as substituting independent variables, modifying samples, and altering regression models are utilized for robustness verification. The research findings are generally consistent with the previous results, signifying that the conclusions possess a high degree of robustness.
It is shown that the dual embeddedness of the standard alliance network, namely structural embeddedness and relational embeddedness, has a positive and active role in enhancing the enterprises′ green technology innovation capacity; the dual embeddedness of the standard alliance network enhances the enterprises′ standardization capability and stimulates the enterprises' green technology innovation potential through improving the enterprise's standardization capability, and the enterprise's standardization capability plays a mediating role in this process; partner diversity enhances the positive role of the dual embeddedness of the standard alliance network on the enterprise's standardization capability, and significantly moderates the mediating mechanism of standardization capability.
This study analyzes the positive impact of network embeddedness on green technology innovation from the perspectives of standard alliance network structure embeddedness and relationship embeddedness, enriching the theoretical research on green technology innovation from the perspective of standard alliance network. In addition, it successfully reveals the previously unclear or unknown linkage mechanism between the dual embeddedness of standard alliance network and enterprise green technology innovation, enriching the theoretical scope of the impact of standardization activities on green technology innovation. Moreover, through the integration of partner diversity into the research framework, this study broadens the exploration of the situational mechanisms by which the dual embeddedness of the standard alliance network impacts green technology innovation. Ultimately, the research conclusions offer valuable decision-making guidance for enterprises considering participation in standard alliance networks and actively striving for advantageous positions within such networks to drive green technology innovation.