城市创业活动对地区经济发展的作用机制——基于企业多样化与产业专业化视角

柳卸林; 郭鹏; 吉晓慧; 常馨之

doi:10.6049/kjjbydc.2023070012

科技进步与对策 >

2025 , Vol. 42 >Issue 6: 1 - 10

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2023070012

科技管理创新

城市创业活动对地区经济发展的作用机制——基于企业多样化与产业专业化视角

柳卸林 ,
郭鹏 ,
吉晓慧 ,
常馨之

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（中国科学院大学经济与管理学院，北京 100190）

柳卸林（1957—），男，浙江衢州人，博士，中国科学院大学经济与管理学院教授、博士生导师，研究方向为创新管理；郭鹏（1976—），男，陕西榆林人，中国科学院大学经济与管理学院博士研究生，研究方向为区域创新、创新创业；吉晓慧（1995—），女，河南三门峡人，中国科学院大学经济与管理学院博士研究生，研究方向为区域创新；常馨之（1993—），女，蒙古族，内蒙古通辽人，博士，中国科学院大学经济与管理学院博士后，研究方向为科技创新、创新生态系统。

收稿日期: 2023-07-03

修回日期: 2023-09-27

网络出版日期: 2025-04-02

基金资助

广东省软科学研究计划项目（2021A1010010003）

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The Effect of Urban Entrepreneurship on Regional Economic Growth: The Perspectives of Enterprise Diversification and Industrial Specialization

Liu Xielin ,
Guo Peng ,
Ji Xiaohui ,
Chang Xinzhi

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(School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China)

Received date: 2023-07-03

Revised date: 2023-09-27

Online published: 2025-04-02

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摘要

基于创业知识溢出理论与集聚经济研究，以2015—2021年中国内地GDP100强城市为样本，建立固定效应面板回归模型，重点探究城市创业活动对地区经济发展的作用机制，进一步剖析企业多样化集聚、产业专业化集聚对城市创业活动与地区经济发展关系的影响机制。研究发现：①城市创业活动对地区经济发展具有显著正向影响；②企业多样化集聚能够强化城市创业对地区经济发展的正向影响，并且表现出明显的地区差异性，对于东部和西部地区，企业多样化集聚对城市创业与经济发展关系发挥显著正向调节作用，但对于中部地区没有表现出相同作用；③产业专业化集聚抑制城市创业对地区经济发展的促进作用。

关键词： 城市创业;经济发展;企业多样化集聚;产业专业化集聚

本文引用格式

柳卸林 , 郭鹏 , 吉晓慧 , 常馨之 . 城市创业活动对地区经济发展的作用机制——基于企业多样化与产业专业化视角[J]. 科技进步与对策, 2025 , 42(6) : 1 -10 . DOI: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2023070012

Abstract

With the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, the level of innovation and entrepreneurship activity has become one of the important indicators for measuring the regional economic development. Existing research has indicated the significance of entrepreneurial activities varies for countries at different stages of development. For emerging economies like China, the effectiveness of urban entrepreneurial activities in driving city economic growth remains underexplored; thus it is worth exploring whether entrepreneurial activities can effectively drive the urban economic development of China, especially in the context of severe regional development imbalances. Further analysis is needed to determine whether there is significant regional heterogeneity in the mechanism of urban entrepreneurial activities on economic growth. In addition, specialized industrial clusters can also provide knowledge in a specific technical field for entrepreneurial activities, which is more conducive to the emergence of entrepreneurial enterprises in specific technical fields. It can be seen that a thorough analysis of the characteristics of urban knowledge base is crucial for revealing the mechanism of the role of urban entrepreneurship in economic growth.　　　
In order to investigate the mechanisms through which urban entrepreneurship influences regional economic growth, and further analyze the impact mechanisms of enterprise diversity and industry specialization on the relationship between urban entrepreneurship and economic growth, this study establishes a panel regression model that includes regional fixed effects to explore the correlation between urban entrepreneurship and regional economic growth, as well as the moderating mechanisms of enterprise diversity and industry specialization. For the dataset, we selected the top 100 cities by GDP as our research sample. The data was sourced from the 'China City Statistical Yearbook' (2015-2021), provincial statistical yearbooks, the seventh national census, and platforms like Aiqicha and Peking University's Digital Inclusive Finance. Missing data were handled using mean imputation and linear interpolation methods.
The study concludes that, firstly, urban entrepreneurship fosters regional economic development by creating more entrepreneurial opportunities through knowledge spillover effects, increasing the efficiency of transforming innovative knowledge into economic knowledge, and nurturing more breakthrough entrepreneurial projects. Secondly, the clustering of diversified enterprises strengthens the positive impact of entrepreneurial activities on regional economic growth. Diversified clustering facilitates more entrepreneurial knowledge spillover effects, encouraging enterprises to enhance their technological innovation capabilities. Thirdly, the clustering of industry specialization exhibits a significant negative moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial activities and regional economic development. Excessive industry clustering can lead to technological monopolies and business barriers, causing homogenization of local knowledge elements and restricting the entry of new industries. Fourthly, an analysis based on regional heterogeneity shows that in eastern and western regions, enterprise diversity can enhance the positive impact of urban entrepreneurship on economic growth, but this effect is not significant in central regions.
The novelty of this paper lies in two aspects. Firstly, it chooses cities as the research level, delving into the specific impact of entrepreneurial activities in various cities on local economic development and analyzing the differentiated impacts on economic development of entrepreneurial activities in eastern, central, and western regions. This has significant practical implications for formulating entrepreneurship nurturing policies tailored to local conditions and enhancing the overall competitiveness of cities. Secondly, the study incorporates the concept of agglomeration economics to explore how different forms of agglomeration and their externalities affect the relationship between entrepreneurial activities and economic growth, providing a fresh perspective for theoretical research on the entrepreneurial knowledge spillover effect.
This study holds significant practical guidance for achieving high-quality regional economic development. It emphasizes that during China's critical phase of economic transformation, entrepreneurial activities make a notable contribution to economic growth. Firstly, the government should actively implement relief policies for small and medium-sized enterprises to stimulate entrepreneurial vitality. Secondly, as enterprise diversity impacts city entrepreneurship and economic growth, the government should construct industry clusters to cultivate complementary entrepreneurial enterprises and technology-oriented SMEs. Lastly, the study suggests that the government should promote regional specialization and vertical separation in the industrial chains of large and medium-sized enterprises to foster entrepreneurship in the technology sector, while guarding against the negative effects of clustering.

Key words： Urban Entrepreneurship;Economic Growth;Clustering of Enterprise Diversification;Clustering of Industrial Specialization

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