基于产品空间理论,利用1962―2015年128个国家和地区783个产业出口贸易数据,借助最新发展的时间指数随机图模型(TERGM),深度剖析中国优势产业组合的动态演化机制。研究发现,中国优势产业组合存在显著的中心―边缘宏观网络结构特征,且由星型和三角形两种结构依赖所驱动,分别意味着轴式发展路径和链式发展路径。进一步地,动态ERGM研究结果表明,我国实施的渐进式发展战略存在时间依赖,且呈现出较强的“自稳定性”。结论表明,TERGM能够有效解决产品空间中的结构依赖和时间依赖问题,是系统描述和检验网络演化的有力分析工具,并且透过微观网络构局揭示中国优势产业组合的动态演化机制,为更好地分析产业结构的网络互赖性,实现产业转型升级提供指导。
Based on product space theory,this paper using the export data of 783 industries in 128 countries or areas from 1962 to 2015 applies the latest Temporal Exponential Random Graph Models (TERGM) to deeply dissect the dynamic evolution mechanisms of China's advantageous industry portfolio.Research results show that it demonstrates a significant macro core-periphery network structure in China's advantageous industry portfolio,the micro mechanisms behind which are star-shaped and agglomerated configurations,meaning anchoring and chain development path respectively.Furthermore,it shows incremental development strategy,that is,China's initial industrial structure impacts and shapes advantageous industry portfolio in future,suggesting strong self-stability.The research suggests that TERGM can effectively deal with structural dependence and time dependence,being a social network analysis tool that systematically describes and tests network evolution,and also reveals the process and formation of dynamic evolution about China's advantageous industry portfolio through micro network configurations.This paper provides guidance for better understanding the network interdependence of industrial structure,realizing industrial transformation and upgrading,and grasping the opportunities of economic globalization.
[1] HAUSMANN R,HIDALGO C A.The network structure of economic output[J].Journal of Economic Growth,2011,16(4):309-342.
[2] HIDALGO C A,KLINGER B,BARABáSI A,et al.The product space conditions the development of nations[J].Science,2007,5837(317):482-487.
[3] 胡立法.产品空间结构下的产业升级:中韩比较[J].世界经济研究,2015(3):107-118.
[4] HAUSMANN R,KLINGER B.Structural transformation and patterns of comparative advantage in the product space[C].Cambridge:Harvard University,2006.
[5] HIDALGO C A,HAUSMANN R.The building blocks of economic complexity[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2009,106(26):10570-10575.
[6] 张其仔,李颢.产业政策是应遵循还是违背比较优势[J].经济管理,2013(10):27-37.
[7] FELIPE J,KUMAR U,ABDON A.How rich countries became rich and why poor countries remain poor:it's the economic structure[J].Japan and the World Economy,2014,29:46-58.
[8] ZHOU M,WU G,XU H.Structure and formation of top networks in international trade[J].Social Networks,2016,44:9-21.
[9] CIMENLER O,REEVES K A,SKVORETZ J.An evaluation of collaborative research in a college of engineering[J].Journal of Informetrics,2015,9(3):577-590.
[10] 许和连,孙天阳,成丽红.“一带一路”高端制造业贸易格局及影响因素研究——基于复杂网络的指数随机图分析[J].财贸经济,2015(12):74-88.
[11] 段庆锋,马丹丹.基于指数随机图模型的专利技术扩散机制实证研究[J].科技进步与对策,2018,35(22):23-29.
[12] GHOSH A,RANGANATHAN R,ROSENKOPF L.The impact of context and model choice on the determinants of strategic alliance formation:evidence from a staged replication study[J].Strategic Management Journal,2016,37(11):2204-2221.
[13] 谭畅,刘林青.知识资本对国家优势产业组合深度与广度复杂性的差异化影响分析[J].国际经贸探索,2019,35(7):40-53.
[14] HAUSMANN R,HWANG J,RODRIK D.What you export matters[J].Journal of Economic Growth,2007,12(1):1-25.
[15] 刘林青,谭畅.国际贸易中出口结构对经济绩效的影响——基于国家空间的社会网络分析[J].国际贸易问题,2016(6):15-27.
[16] 邓向荣,曹红.产业升级路径选择:遵循抑或偏离比较优势——基于产品空间结构的实证分析[J].中国工业经济,2016(02):52-67.
[17] 张亭,刘林青,梅诗晔.产品空间的动态演化[J].管理评论,2018,30(9):12-22.
[18] 张亭,刘林青.中美产品特征对产业升级作用机制的比较研究——基于产品空间理论视角[J].科技进步与对策,2019,36(10):49-58.
[19] BOSCHMA R,FRENKEN K.The emerging empirics of evolutionary economic geography[J].Journal of Economic Geography,2011,11(2):295-307.
[20] CONIGLIO N D,LAGRAVINESE R,VURCHIO D,et al.The pattern of structural change:testing the product space framework[J].Industrial and Corporate Change,2018,27(4):763-785.
[21] CHU SHORE J.Homogenization and specialization effects of international trade:are cultural goods exceptional[J].World Development,2010,38(1):37-47.
[22] BRUGHMANS T,KEAY S,EARL G.Introducing exponential random graph models for visibility networks[J].Journal of Archaeological Science,2014,49(1):442-454.
[23] LALL S.The technological structure and performance of developing country manufactured exports[J].Oxford Development Studies,2000,28(3):337-369.
[24] HANNEKE S,FU W,XING E.Discrete temporal models of social networks[J].Electronic Journal of Statistics,2010,4:585-605.
[25] GONDAL N.The local and global structure of knowledge production in an emergent research field:an exponential random graph analysis[J].Social Networks,2011,33(1):20-30.
[26] BAUM J, COWAN R, JONARD N.Network-independent partner selection and the evolution of innovation networks[J].Management Science,2010,56(11):2094-2110.