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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
2018 Vol.35 Issue.8
Published 2018-04-25
1
Multidimensional Proximities' Evolution of Technological Innovation Network
The study of the multidimensional proximities of technological innovation network shows different characteristics of evolution with the development of innovation network life cycle, has very important significance for partner selection, the relationship management and innovation performance in the innovation network. Based on the IBM patent cooperation network data, this paper analyzes the evolution of the multidimensional proximities of the technological innovation network by using the Feature Selection method in the five dimensions of geographical proximity, social proximity, technological proximity, organizational proximity and institutional proximity. The results show that:①In the life cycle perspective, mainly considering technological proximity and organizational proximity of partner selection in the innovation network creation stage, growth stage mainly consider geographical proximity, mature and decline stage mainly consider social proximity;②In the perspective of evolution, geographic proximity and technological proximity curve takes an inverted U type, geographic proximity reached the highest point in the growth stage and technology proximity reached the highest point in the mature stage; institutional proximity and organizational proximity curve takes an U type, institutional proximity reached the lowest point in the growth stage and organizational proximity reached the lowest point in the mature stage; social proximity has been the upward trend with the development of innovation network life cycle.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 1-7 [
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Research on the Influence of Ambidextrous Appropriability Strategies on R&D Alliance Formation Decisions
R&D Alliance can promote knowledge exchange between enterprises, but it also brings the risks of unintended knowledge leakage ,innovation imitation and opportunism,etc. So it is very important to consider the influence of the enterprise appropriability strategy in the formation of R&D Alliance. From alliance governance structure and alliance scope, we explore ambidextrous appropriability strategy on the formation decisions of R&D Alliance, and discuss the moderate effect of the alliance experience. In electronic information, biopharmaceutical, machinery manufacturing, software industries,etc.,208 copies of valid data are obtained through the questionnaire survey. Empirical results find enterprises who focus on primary appropriability strategy are more inclined to choose the nonequity governance structure, and enterprises who focus on generative appropriability strategy are more inclined to choose the equity alliance governance structure. The higher primary appropriability, the broader scope of the alliance would be chosen; the higher generative appropriability, the narrower alliance. Moreover, alliance experience significantly moderates the relationship between enterprise appropriability strategy and R&D alliance governance structure, and also significantly moderates the relationship between enterprise appropriability strategy and R&D alliance scope, but their moderate effects are different.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 8-14 [
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The Effects of Synergetic Innovation of Intellectual Capital in CrowdInnovating Space on Innovation Performance of Maker Based on the Three Dimensional Structure of HSR
As a new form to undertake the carrier of innovation and entrepreneurship,the construction and development of crowdinnovating space(CIS) has been the important force point of national and local government.The realization of intellectual capital value creation takes knowledge transfer and absorption as the main form,scientific and technological innovation as its goal,and knowledge sharing and interaction platform as its support.Accordingly,by using the single case study of 5i center,the article dynamically research about the interactive model and its dynamic effect of collaborative innovation environmentintellectual capitalknowledgemakers'performance from the three stages of knowledge resource matching,knowledge resource absorption,transfer and interaction,and knowledge increment.Finally,the article summarizes the theoretical models of the effect of collaborative innovation of intellectual capital on CIS to innovation performance of makers which is beneficial to optimize the innovation process and function of CIS and enhances its ability of innovation,entrepreneurship and service.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 15-23 [
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Modeling and Simulation of Cascading Failure in R&D Network under Risk Load
The interaction between the risk of enterprises due to the uncertainty of external environment and the complexity of R&D network's structure results in the occurrence of cascading failure. The paper cites the weighted scalefree network model to generate a R&D network according to the characteristics of R&D network firstly. Then the paper establishes the R&D network cascading failure model from the definition of initial load, the load redistribution of the broken nodes and the definition of capacity. Finally, the paper uses the numerical simulation methods to reveal cascading failures mechanism. Simulation results show that the cascading failures scale of R&D network is stable invariability with the increase of tolerance parameter. When cascading failures scale obtains the critical value, it decreases linearly and eventually become stable. And the critical value is the key risk threshold. Each tunable parameter has the unique key risk threshold which has negative correlation with the tunable parameter. The cascading failures scale of R&D network has positive correlation with the tunable parameter and decreases with the increase of the weight. The average degree has no relationship with cascading failures scale of R&D network.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 24-31 [
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Research on the Path of InnovationDriven Development of Xiong'an New Area：from the Perspective of Innovation Ecosystem
The basic way to realize innovationdriven development of Xiong'an New Area is the construction of innovation ecosystem.The cultivation of of innovation subject and its symbiotic relationship,the construction and optimization of innovation environment,the benign interaction between innovation main body and innovation environment are the fundamental requirements for the formation and evolution of Xiong'an New Area innovation ecosystem.In the process of cultivating innovative subject in Xiong'an New Area,we should pay attention to distinguishing the functions of different subjects,and make them form a symbiotic relationship;At the same time,Xiong′an New Area is embedded in the process of collaborative development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.BeijingTianjinHebei area provides innovation environment for the innovation subject of Xiong'an New Area.Xiong'an New Area innovation ecosystem provides intrinsic motivation for the collaborative development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.In view of the market failure phenomenon such as "lack of function" and "function dislocation" in the construction of innovation ecosystem of Xiong'an New Area,the government needs to guide and overcome it with policies.〖JP〗
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 32-37 [
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Research on the SD Model of Building the National Sustainable Development Agenda Innovation Demonstration Area in Hubei
The construction of the national sustainable agenda innovation demonstration area is an important strategy for the economic and social development of all parts of the country.With the integration of scientific and technological innovation and social progress,scientific and technological innovation promotes economic development as the main theme,and combines the characteristics of Hubei and the needs of reality.Using the system dynamics method,the construction strategy SD model of the agenda innovation demonstration area is constructed.According to the 2030 agenda for sustainable development,predict the development trend of core indicators of Hubei province to create an agenda innovation demonstration area,and carry out systematic simulation.The empirical analysis shows that GDP and infrastructure carrying capacity maintain a good development trend,but the contribution rate of high-tech,water environment protection,and technology human resources all increase slowly.According to the results of the model,proposed to strengthen the protection of water environment and promote sustainable development of water conservancy.Transform the advantage of science and education into the advantage of innovation and development.Improving the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 38-45 [
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Study on the Threshold Effect of Environmental Regulation on Industrial Green Productivity in Yangtze River Economic Belt
In this paper, we used carbon emissions and pollutant emissions as nonconsensual outputs and used the global superefficient SBM model to measure the total green productivity of 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 1997 to 2015.Then we used the panel threshold model to analyze the threshold effect of environmental regulation on industrial green productivity.The empirical results show that the industrial green productivity of the provinces along the Yangtze River Economic Belt is increasing in the period from 1997 to 2015, but only Shanghai from 2014 to 2015 and Jiangsu in 2015 are effective, and the efficiency difference between provinces and cities is increasing.The environmental regulation has a double threshold effect on industrial green productivity in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.In the region with low, medium and high environmental regulation intensity, the effect of environmental regulation on industrial green productivity is significant only in the area with moderate environmental regulation intensity, and it’s positive.It is necessary to improve the industrial green productivity of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from the promoting economic growth mode from extensive to intensive, improving the intensity of environmental regulation in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan provinces and promoting the market transformation of existing environmental regulatory.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 46-51 [
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Study on the Evaluation and Analysis of Industrial Knowledge Base Established for Scientific and Technological Innovation Centers
Evaluation and analysis of the current development situation of industrial knowledge base is an important basis for decision-making regarding scientific and technological innovation centers.On the basis of analyzing the three types of industrial knowledge basesanalytical type, synthetic type, and symbolic type, the paper analyzes the paths of different types of industrial knowledge bases for promoting scientific and technological innovation centers and their respective development strategies.Beijing scientific and technological innovation center is taken as an example to conduct classified calculating and analysis.The study results indicate that the analytical knowledge base has a strong relationship with the economic development level of the city.The correlation between the symbolic knowledge base and other types of industrial knowledge bases is weak.Generally, the city which needs transformation is relatively high level of Synthetic knowledge base.The three types of knowledge baseanalytical type, Synthetic type, and symbolic type of Beijing are more powerful, and they all presents a state of gradual ascending from 1998 to 2014.However, Symbolic knowledge base and the analytical knowledge base, still need to improve continuously to support the construction of scientific and technological innovation centers.In this paper, new perspectives and methods are provided for studies on scientific and technological innovation centers.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 52-59 [
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A Spatial Econometric Analysis of Impact of Internal and External Knowledge Sourcing and NonR&D on Innovation Performance: Evidence from Hightech Industry
In this paper, based on the path characteristics of internal and external knowledge sourcing and nonR&D innovation in hightech industry, it uses spatial econometrics method to discusses the spatial correlation and distribution structure of internal and external knowledge sourcing,nonR&D and innovation performance during 2008-2014.Then,it introduces the spatial factor into the framework of diversified innovative path driven effect to comparative analysis and empirically investigate the mechanism of its impact on innovation performance.The results show that the proportion of external knowledge resourcing and nonR&D investment in hightech industries is much smaller than that of internal knowledge sourcing,and the characteristics of nonbalanced development of innovation path are significant;there is a significant correlation between internal and external knowledge sourcing,nonR&D and innovation performance.To a certain extent,they appear as the differentiation trend of similar value in space,and the spatial spillover effect is significant in the adjacent area;finally,the external knowledge sourcing has a significant positive effect on innovation performance,while the internal knowledge sourcing at this stage and the scale of nonR&D on innovation performance respectively showsa weak positive and negative effects,which are not give full play to its promoting effect.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 60-69 [
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Research on the Value Effect of Manufacturing Companies' Servitization Transformation:the Moderating Effect of Industry Competition Degree
Using listed manufacturing companies during 2011-2015 as the research objects,through empirical research methods,this paper examines how the degree of servitization affects business value,as well as the moderating effect of competition degree.The results demonstrate that there exists an "inverted U-shaped" between the degree of servitization and business value.When the degree of servitization is low,enhancing servitization transformation can promote business value.However,when the degree of servitization increases to the critical value (about 37%),enhancing servitization transformation will reduce business value.Besides,the competition degree moderating the relationship between the degree of servitization and business value.The increasing of current industry competition degree reduces the value of servitization transformation.While the enhancing of potential competitive threat level increases the value of servitization transformation.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 70-75 [
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The Effect of Ambidextrous Opportunity Competence on Performance of New Venture with the Influence of Entrepreneurial Orientation
Performance of New Venture depends very much on opportunity competence, while the mechanism of the effect has remained to be explored, examined and identified. Reviewing the existing research, the paper builds up a conceptual model of relationship between ambidextrous opportunity competence and the performance and the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation according to theoretical researches. What's more, multiple hierarchical regression method are employed to analyze the data collected from 236 mature enterprises in Shannxi Province. The results of analysis are as following: there is an inverted U relationship between exploitative opportunity competence and the performance of new venture; there is an inverted U relationship between explorative opportunity competence and the performance of new venture; entrepreneurial orientation has a moderating effect on the relationship between ambidextrous opportunity competence and enterprise performance, and different dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation have a different regulation in direction. The conclusion will guide enterprises to build up ambidextrous opportunity competence and entrepreneurial orientation strategy in order to achieve higher growth and development of new venture.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 76-83 [
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The Impact of Family Succession on Innovation Input:Based on the Theory of Socioemotional Wealth
Based on the theory of socioemotional wealth, this paper not only examined the relationship between family succession and innovation inputs in 394 Chinese family listed firms from 2009 to 2015, but also examined the moderating effects of the organizational context characteristic variable, environmental uncertainty,and the individual characteristic variable of family firm's governance subject, the successor's education.The results indicate that family succession negatively affects the innovation of family firms, and environmental uncertainty aggravates the negative impact of succession on innovation investment while the successor's education eases the negative impact of succession on innovation investment.Therefore, the family firms should take the extended socioemotional wealth into account when making strategic decisions to increase the scale of innovation inputs rationally, and pay attention to improve the successor's capacity, while the government should create a favorable financial, legal and business institutional environment for the succession and innovation of family firms, and provide supports for intellectual capital and entrepreneur network platform.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 84-91 [
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Research on Independent Innovation Mode Selection of Large Enterprise Clusters Based on Life Cycle
It is important for regional innovation and national innovation to study the choice of independent innovation modes of large enterprise clusters. Dynamic system model of independent innovation mode selection for large enterprise clusters was constructed. The main contents of the dynamic factors of the 6 independent innovation modes were discussed. According to the life cycle theory of clusters, the characteristics of large enterprise clusters in each phase of life cycle were discussed. The independent innovation modes of Chinese large enterprise clusters under the advantage of backwardness were put forward. Independent innovation based on technology import and "government industry university research cooperation" independent innovation should be adopted in the stage of production. It is necessary to adopt independent innovation based on Transnational Technology Alliance, independent innovation of cooperation of large cluster enterprises and moderate original indigenous innovation in the growth stage. Original indigenous innovation and independent innovation based on transnational merger and acquisition should be vigorously carried out in mature stage. Integrated innovation should be adopted for the original industry and flexible independent innovation modes should be adopted for the new industry in the declining stage. The successful case of Qingdao household electrical appliance enterprise cluster was analyzed.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 92-99 [
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The Comparative Study on the Funding and Management Mechanism of Basic Research Innovation Team in China and Foreign Countries
Scientific and technological innovation requires basic research to lead and support, and boosting basic research is the focus of the pace of national innovation pace in the new period; in the innovationdriven development strategy level, the state is paying more and more attentions to the development of basic research and innovation talent team training.Select the typical projects for basic research innovation teams in China, Japan, Germany and Canada: the Creative Research Group program, the World Premier International Research Center Initiative project, the Collaborative Research Centers program, and the Collaborative Research and Training Experience program, carry out the comparative analysis from the target location, application method, funding objects, funding years, the amount, team size, management methods, assessment methods and other aspects of funding and management mechanism, learn from foreign experiences, access to institutional mechanisms to adjust and change the revelation, and put forward the corresponding policy recommendations.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 100-105 [
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Exploring the System of Theory to the Construction of an Intellectual Property Strong Power with Chinese Characteristics
The "intellectual property strong power" has gradually become an issue of great contention ever since the implementation of the "intellectual property strong power strategy" in China. However, the relevant theoretical system has not yet been formed. In which case, theoretical and practical significance of building such theory system using Marxism methodology is revealed. Specifically, it is to build the system based on both the actual development of Chinese IP and the Marxism's threedimensional thinking paradigm: ontology, axiology and practice. The "intellectual property strong power" ontology is developed upon both static analysis and dynamic processes, which investigates the basic connotation of intellectual property strong power with basic structure by these elements as intellectual property theory and practice as well as construction of strong power's practice domains and organizational structure, and features as intellectual ability, efficiency and circumstances. Meanwhile, the axiology is built fitting to the following frame: internal and external values are embodied from the metavalue of "intellectual property strong power", which is, to improve China's IP comprehensive strength and develop Chinese IP causes. On practice, we propose the approach of building China as an international strong power with national characteristic in IP domain. This can be conclude as localized development, popularized consciousness, clarified rolepositioning, and coordinated action within the whole five main fields of implementation of IP causes: creation & application, management, protection, talents cultivation, and foreign affairs.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 106-111 [
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The Environmental Health Evaluation Research of Incubation Ecosystem in China
On the basis of absorbing the research results of existing ecology,combined with the uniqueness of startup incubator,this paper put forward the concept of incubation ecosystem,expatiates on the connotation and constituent elements,further build the dynamic model of incubation ecosystem.Based on this model,we build the incubation ecosystem environmental health assessment index system include of talent environment,financial environment,resources environment and innovation environment,and use the method of growth rate cycles to measure it.Measurement results show that during the period of 2007-2015,the incubation ecosystem environment development in our country overall is good,the total index of incubation ecosystem show the fluctuating growth trend.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 112-118 [
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Model Construction and Evaluation of Skilled Talents Competency under Manufacturing Servitization
Manufacturing servitization is one of the core tasks of "Made in China 2025", and puts forward new and higher requirements for skilled talents.Based on the analysis of competency needs of manufacturing servitization on skilled talents, this paper constructed and validated the competency model of skills talents from dimensions of professional knowledge and skills, learning and innovation ability, customer cooperation consciousness and ability and occupation role identity.On this basis, principal component analysis was applied to evaluate the competency of skilled talents in manufacturing enterprises.The research results showed that:the overall competency of skilled talents is in the middle level, among them, the professional knowledge and skills and occupation role identity achieve a good level, the learning and innovation ability and customer cooperation consciousness and ability are on a lower level; the occupation role identity of post90s skilled talents is significantly lower than that of post80s and post70s skilled talents, the overall competence of senior workers is equal to that of technicians , the overall competence of skilled talents in private enterprises and small enterprises is relatively low.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 119-127 [
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Rersearch on Individual KnowledgeAbsorb Capability and Innovation Ambidexterity
Most of the literature on absorptive capability has focused on the organizational rather than the individual level.By examining absorptive capacity at the individual in the dimensions of identification, assimilation and utilization of external knowledge, this paper is affiliated with the original roots of the concept.It studies that three dimensions' relationships to both exploratory and exploitative innovation after collecting and analyzing quantitative data of 113 technology managers from Shanghai, Chongqing, Xi'an, Guangzhou, Changsha.The empirical result indicates that individual identification contributes to both exploratory and exploitative innovation; individual assimilation leads to the difference between innovation's ambidexterity: exploratory requires individual assimilation whereas exploitative innovation does not; individual utilization contributes to neither.This paper provides managers some implications to encourage individual's absorptive properly to promote firms' dual innovation.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 128-136 [
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Policy Matching, Resource Integration and Entrepreneurial Ability:based on Grounded Research of Highlevel Technological Talents
China's economy has entered a "new normal", highlevel technological talents become a new force of technological innovation in region economy. The entrepreneurial abilities become a key factor in determining the success of highlevel technological talents’ business. Three highlevel technological talents have been selected as cases of entrepreneurship. Then an upgrade path of theoretical model has been built by using grounded theory 〖JP〗methodology. In the process of entrepreneurship, highlevel technological talents can coordinate talent policies of districtlevel government and access policy supports， then integrate entrepreneurial resources and policy resources, in order to greatly improve their entrepreneurial abilities.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 137-142 [
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The Influence of Entrepreneurs' Background Characteristics on the Venture Enterprise Technological Capability
To study the mechanism of entrepreneur background characteristics on venture enterprise technological capability, based on higherorder theory and attentionbased view, constructs a theoretical model of relationship between entrepreneurs' background characteristics, innovation attention and venture enterprise technological capability, uses 201 data of China GEM Listing manufacturing corporations sample for empirical test. The results show that the education and scienceengineering background of entrepreneur have a positive impact on technological ability and innovation attention; innovation attention plays a partial mediating role between entrepreneurial education, specialty and venture enterprise technological capability; entrepreneurial age and function background have no significant effects on venture enterprise technological capability and innovation attention.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 143-148 [
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Are More Confident Employees More Creative?
Based on interactionist's perspective of organizational creativity, the paper discusses the mechanism of core selfevaluation to employee creativity through harmonious passion from the perspective of intrinsic motivation, analyzes employee samples within 11 departments of manufacturing enterprise, and finds that core selfevaluation has positive impact on employee creativity significantly. There is significant positive correlation between core selfevaluation and harmonious passion, harmonious passion and creativity as well. Harmonious passion is mediation variable of core selfevaluation affecting creativity, which is moderated by team members exchange relationships.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 149-154 [
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Study on Sshaped Curve of Innovative Diffusion Time Form
Innovation diffusion is the process by which innovations spread through the pipeline over time among members of the social system. The Srule of innovation diffusion consists of two curves: one is called the cumulative adoption curve, that is, the Scurve; the other is called the consumption curve per unit time, that is, the bellshaped curve. The rate of innovation diffusion is mainly affected by innovation characteristics, innovation characteristics and environmental factors. From the point of view of diffusion of sigmoid curve from innovation, it starts from the growth curve in the model of population growth. Later, Tarde proposes the rule of sigmoidal curve. Finally, Ryan and Gross make it a research paradigm. From the origin of the diffusion curve of Sshape, "wave effect" and "threshold model" are two typical models of interpretation: "wave effect" refers to the diffusion process of innovation as a wave spread from the innovation center to the periphery; "threshold the model explores the number of people that other individuals involved in an activity must reach before they participate in an activity. The future focuses on three aspects to deepen the study: first, to further verify the Sshaped curve; second, to verify some of the Sshaped curve of innovation diffusion mathematical model; Third, the diffusion of innovation and proliferation of morphological factors combined with the model is applied in the prediction of innovation diffusion.
2018 Vol. 35 (8): 155-160 [
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