|
|
|
| Analysis and Empirical Test of the Mechanism of Entrepreneurship Incubation Promoting Innovation & Leading Economic Development |
| Liu Yufeng,Feng Hua |
| (School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The core position of innovation in the modernization drive is stressed in theFourteenth Five-Year Plan. At present, China's scientific and technological innovation capabilities are constantly improving, but the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress is still far from being satisfactory. There are still many obstacles in the deep integration of science and technology and the economy, and the path of innovation leads economic development has not been realized. In order to achieve the goal of science and technology, industry and economy powerhouse, it has become a common concern of the government and academia of how to further promote the deep integration of science and technology and economy, and achieve innovation-led economic development.#br# Entrepreneurial incubation is an important link in promoting innovation to lead economic development, and it is the infrastructure for a new round of industrial transformation. The existing system is significantly incompatible with the needs of scientific and technological entrepreneurship, and the entrepreneurial incubation ecosystem has not yet been formed. It is necessary to adhere to the "two-wheel drive" of scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation, remove the institutional and mechanisms obstacles that refrain scientific and technological innovation, and to activate the new engine of innovation at full speed. Existing economic theories have affirmed the important role of science and technology in promoting economic growth and proved the significance of entrepreneurship in promoting economic development. But it is inconsistent and inconclusive about the concepts, accurate measurement methods and the mechanism by which entrepreneurial incubation promotes the integration of technology and economy.#br# Focusing on the path of entrepreneurial incubation to promote innovation and lead economic development, first, the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress is decomposed into four items: technological progress rate, technical efficiency, allocation efficiency and scale efficiency. Combined with the influence of entrepreneurial incubation, the latter three are selected as the measure of innovation leading indicators of economic development. Based on the model derivation, the mechanism of entrepreneurial incubation to promote innovation and lead economic development is proposed as follows. Resource integration of incubators improves the allocation efficiency through Pareto improvement, incubation investment improves scale efficiency through income effect, and technical service improves technical efficiency through substitution effect. #br# Based on China's provincial panel data from 2010 to 2019, the Bootstrap method under the mixed effects assumption, the stepwise regression method under the random/fixed effects assumption, and the sobel test are used to test the mediating effect of entrepreneurial incubation on allocation efficiency, scale efficiency, and technical efficiency. The research results show that the number of incubators, humanity input, venture capital and technical services have obvious mediating effects on allocation efficiency, scale efficiency and technical efficiency. Entrepreneurial incubation promotes the process of innovation leading economic development through the path of innovation industrialization. Therefore, it is proposed to expand the scale of the incubator through a platform-based and networked approach to improve the allocation efficiency, optimize the "join in—transfer—exit" system of entrepreneurial incubation funds to improve scale efficiency and build an "Incubator 4.0" model of maker space to improve technology efficiency policy recommendations.#br# The innovations of this paper are presented in the following. First, for the quantification of innovation-led economic development indicators, most of the indicators for measuring the contribution rate of science and technology economy in the existing literature are total factor productivity, and few research focus on the influencing factors and mechanism. Based on the decomposition of the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress, this paper quantifies the index of innovation leading economic development into allocation efficiency, scale efficiency and technical efficiency, focusing on the role of entrepreneurial incubation in improving efficiency, and constructing entrepreneurial incubation to promote innovation leads economic development. The analysis framework and mechanism take the scale of business incubation as the core research variable, and builds a mediating effect model with the number of business incubators, the investment of business incubators, the amount of venture capital, and the number of technical services as the mediating variables. Second, a variety of elements and the integration of technology and economy are analyzed in the same framework, forming a business incubation analysis framework around "startup nursery (maker space) + incubator (professional incubator) + accelerator (startup incubation capital)" to explore the realization of new entrepreneurial incubation, the logical process and internal mechanism of industry formation and economic growth.#br#
|
|
Received: 07 June 2021
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] 洪银兴.论市场对资源配置起决定性作用后的政府作用[J].经济研究,2014,49(1):14-16.[2] 周国辉. 坚持“融合论” 跨越科技与经济之间鸿沟[N]. 科技日报,2018-11-26(1).[3] 陈子韬,孟凡蓉,王焕.政府支持对高技术产业创新效率影响研究[J].科学学研究,2020,38(10):1782-1790.[4] 王洁,夏维力.陕西省农业科技进步贡献率测算分析——基于索罗余值法[J].科技管理研究,2017,37(19):98-102.[5] 刘洪,刘晓洁,李云.基于改进索罗余值法的湖北省科技进步贡献率测算[J].统计与决策,2018,34(15):107-110.[6] 王志刚,龚六堂,陈玉宇.地区间生产效率与全要素生产率增长率分解(1978—2003)[J].中国社会科学,2006，27(2):55-66.[7] 陈琼,李瑾,李会生,等.科技进步对天津畜牧业经济增长的贡献率分析[J].中国科技论坛,2016，32(1):154-160.[8] 蔡跃洲,付一夫.全要素生产率增长中的技术效应与结构效应——基于中国宏观和产业数据的测算及分解[J].经济研究,2017,52(1):72-88.[9] 李平.提升全要素生产率的路径及影响因素——增长核算与前沿面分解视角的梳理分析[J].管理世界,2016，32(9):1-11.[10] 程郁,陈雪.创新驱动的经济增长——高新区全要素生产率增长的分解[J].中国软科学,2013，28(11):26-39.[11] BATTESE G E, COELLI T J. Frontier production functions, technical efficiency and panel data: with application to paddy farmers in India[J]. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 1992, 3(1-2): 153-169.[12] KUMBHAKAR S C, LOVELL A K. Stochastic frontier analysis[M]. Cambridge：Cambridge University Press, 2003.[13] VORHIES D W, MORGAN N A. A configuration theory assessment of marketing organization fit with business strategy and its relationship with marketing performance[J]. Journal of Marketing, 2003, 67(1): 100-115.[14] 周文辉,何奇松.创业孵化平台赋能对资源配置优化的影响——基于机制设计视角的案例研究[J].研究与发展管理,2021,33(1):162-174.[15] 程锐,马莉莉,陈璇.人力资本结构演进与中国经济增长——来自省际层面的经验证据[J].商业研究,2019，62(1):60-70.[16] 王卉彤,刘传明,赵国钦.多层次资本市场支持高技术产业化的效率测度——基于SE-U-SBM模型[J].宏观经济研究,2019，51(10):49-61.[17] SCHUMPETER J A,PERROUX F.Théorie de l'évolution économique[M]. Paris: Dalloz, 1935. [18] HALL B H. The relationship between firm size and firm growth in the US manufacturing sector[J]. The Journal of Industrial Economics, 1987, 35(1): 583-606.[19] BOTTAZZI G, DOSI G, LIPPI M. Innovation and corporate growth in the evolution of the drug industry[J]. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 2001, 19(7): 1161-1187.[20] PORTER M E. Competitive advantage of nations: creating and sustaining superior performance[M]. New York: The Free Press, 1985.[21] PETERS L, RICE M, SUNDARARAJAN M. The role of incubators in the entrepreneurial process[J]. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2004, 29(1): 83-91.[22] MIAN S A. Assessing and managing the university technology business incubator: an integrative framework[J]. Journal of Business Venturing, 1997, 12(4): 251-285.[23] NELSON R R. The simple economics of basic scientific research[J]. Journal of Political Economy, 1959, 67(3): 297-306.[24] PIORE M J, SABEL C. The second divide:possibilities for prosperity[M]. NY: Basic Books, 1984.[25] 李燕萍,陈武.基于扎根理论的众创空间发展质量评价结构维度与指标体系开发研究[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(24):137-145.[26] TEECE D J. Firm organization, industrial structure, and technological innovation[J]. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 1996, 31(2): 193-224.[27] BAUMOL W J, STROM R J. Entrepreneurship and economic growth[J]. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 2007, 1(3-4): 233-237.[28] SHANE S A. A general theory of entrepreneurship: the individual-opportunity nexus[M]. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2003.[29] RAISCH S, BIRKINSHAW J, PROBST G. Organizational ambidexterity: balancing exploitation and exploration for sustained performance[J]. Organization Science, 2009, 20(4): 685-695.[30] IRWIN D A, KLENOW P J. High-tech R&D subsidies estimating the effects of sematech[J]. Journal of International Economics, 1996, 40(3-4): 323-344.[31] LERNER J. Venture capitalists and the oversight of private firms[J]. the Journal of Finance, 1995, 50(1): 301-318.[32] TEECE D J. Capturing value from technological innovation: integration, strategic partnering, and licensing decisions[J]. Interfaces, 1988, 18(3): 46-61.[33] 惠祥,李秉祥,吴祖光,等.技术创业型企业孵化资本投入的风险管控——一个多案例对比[J].科技进步与对策,2021,38(10):1-8.[34] 裴旭东,黄聿舟.创业支持政策对科技型小微企业孵化的影响——资源整合的中介作用[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(12):109-114. |
|
|
|
