|
|
|
| Relationship Research of Business Environment, Entrepreneurship and Technological Innovation |
| Han Shucheng,Mei Xinyi,Yang Lanpin |
| (School of Economics,Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has caused a huge blow to the global economy, politics and culture. At present, the world is experiencing unprecedented changes in a hundred years, and the great changes of the times and the severe epidemic situation provide not onlynew opportunities for the high-quality development of China's economy, but also new challenges in the key year of the 14th Five-Year Plan period. It has become a hot topic at present of how to stimulate China's endogenous development momentum in a critical period, break down institutional and institutional innovation obstacles, and promote high-quality economic development. Technological innovation, as the main driving force for the high-quality development of China's economy, plays an important role in China's breakthrough in economic development mode and optimization of economic structure, and China must rely on the power of technological innovation to boost economy ans pursue sustainable development. As an important foundation for high-quality development, a good business environment has received more and more attention, and it is not difficult to see from the reality of economic development that a good business environment can significantly improve the level of technological innovation, but on the theoretical level, the black box of how to improve technological innovation in the business environment has not yet been opened, and the specific mechanism is still unclear.#br#In this context, this paper introduces the analytical perspective of entrepreneurship, trying to open the black box of the path of business environment and technological innovation. Through sorting out the relevant literature and basic theories, this paper analyzes the mechanism of the business environment affecting technological innovation, constructs the analytical framework of business environment - entrepreneurship - technological innovation. This paper conducts empirical tests，specifically, selects provincial data from 30 provinces in China from 2009 to 2018 based on international experience and China's national conditions. Subsequently this study constructs a business environment measurement index with "Chinese characteristics". Based on the panel fixed effect model, the overall business environment and its four dimensions of technological innovation promotion effect are studied, and the intermediary effect model is constructed with entrepreneurship as the intermediary variable to explore the influence mechanism of the business environment on the technological innovation.#br#There are three findings in the reseach. (1) The optimization of business environment has had a significant positive effect on China's technological innovation, but its effect is mainly presented on the supply of capital than the supply of institutions. Among the institutional factors, the impact of efficient and clean government environment on technological innovation is more obvious.（2）Entrepreneurship is an important intermediary variable between business environment and technological innovation. The factors of business environment and the incentive structure of the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurial spirit have heterogeneity to the influence of technological innovation.（3）The role of explicit incentive in business environment is obvious, but endo-excitation is insufficient; the problem of emphasizing entrepreneurship over innovation is still more prominent both in the business environment or entrepreneurship.#br#The research conclusions of this paper can provide policy enlightenment for continuously optimizing the business environment, stimulating entrepreneurship, and promoting technological innovation, and China's optimization of the business environment in the new era needs to be organically combined with the cultivation and stimulation of entrepreneurship, in order to maximize the level of technological innovation and promote high-quality economic development.#br#
|
|
Received: 06 May 2021
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] SPETH R，DOUGLASS C. North,institutions,institutional change and economic performance [M]. Schlüsselwerke der Politikwissenschaft. Wiesbaden:VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften,1990:331-334. [2] WILLIAMSON O E. The new institutional economics:taking stock,looking ahead[J]. Journal of Economic Literature,2000,38(3):595-613. [3] ACEMOGLU D,GALLEGO F A,ROBINSON J A. Institutions,human capital,and development[J]. Annual Review of Economics,2014,6(1):875-912. [4] EDQUIST C. Systems of innovation: technologies, institutions and organizations[M]. London: Routledge, 2013. [5] SCHUMPETER J A. The theory of economics development[J]. Journal of Political Economy,1934,1(2):170-172. [6] SCHUMPETER J A. Business cycles:a theoretical, historical and statistical analysis of the capitalist process[M]. New York Toronto London: McGraw-Hill Book Company,1939. [7] BAUMOL W J. Entrepreneurship:productive,unproductive,and destructive[J]. Journal of Business Venturing,1996,11(1):3-22. [8] 夏后学,谭清美,白俊红. 营商环境、企业寻租与市场创新:来自中国企业营商环境调查的经验证据[J]. 经济研究,2019,54(4):84-98. [9] ROMER P M. Increasing returns and long-run growth[J]. Journal of Political Economy,1986,94(5):1002-1037. [10] CLARK CW,KAMIEN M I,SCHWARTZ N L. Dynamic optimization:the calculus of variations and optimal control in economics and management[J]. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1982, 64(1):167. [11] ACEMOGLU D,JOHNSON S,ROBINSON J A. Chapter 6 institutions as a fundamental cause of long-Run growth[J]. Handbook of Economic Growth,2005,1:385-472. [12] 唐清泉,巫岑. 银行业结构与企业创新活动的融资约束[J]. 金融研究,2015,58(7):116-134. [13] 许和连,王海成. 简政放权改革会改善企业出口绩效吗:基于出口退(免)税审批权下放的准自然试验[J]. 经济研究,2018,53(3):157-170. [14] 王华. 更严厉的知识产权保护制度有利于技术创新吗[J]. 经济研究,2011,46(S2):124-135. [15] 吴超鹏,唐菂. 知识产权保护执法力度、技术创新与企业绩效:来自中国上市公司的证据[J]. 经济研究,2016,51(11):125-139. [16] 何凌云,陶东杰. 营商环境会影响企业研发投入吗:基于世界银行调查数据的实证分析[J]. 江西财经大学学报,2018,20(3):50-57. [17] 纪晓丽. 市场化进程、法制环境与技术创新[J]. 科研管理,2011,32(5):8-16. [18] GROSSMAN G M,LAI E L C. International protection of intellectual property[J]. American Economic Review,2004,94(5):1635-1653. [19] 周大鹏. 企业家精神与中国经济的熊彼特型增长转型[J]. 学术月刊,2020,52(7):57-68. [20] KNIGHTF. Risk,uncertainty and profit[J]. Social Science Electronic Publishing, 1921(4):682-690. [21] KIRZNER I M. Creativity and/or alertness:a reconsideration of the schumpeterian entrepreneur[J]. The Review of Austrian Economics,1999,11(1-2):5-17. [22] 黄菁菁,原毅军. 产学研合作研发中企业家精神的价值[J]. 科学学研究,2014,32(6):902-908. [23] DE CLEYN S H,BRAET J. Do board composition and investor type influence innovativeness in SMEs[J]. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal,2012,8(3):285-308. [24] 郭明杰,费堃桀. 基于结构方程模型的企业价值影响因素的研究:以制造业上市公司为例[J]. 科学决策,2019,26(1):47-64. [25] 梁阜,张志鑫. 差异化变革型领导对创新绩效的影响研究[J]. 经济经纬,2018,35(6):114-120. [26] DONG Z Q,WEI X H,ZHANG Y J. The allocation of entrepreneurial efforts in a rent-seeking society:evidence from China[J]. Journal of Comparative Economics,2016,44(2):353-371. [27] 姚洋. 中性政府:对转型期中国经济成功的一个解释[J]. 经济评论,2009,30(3):5-13. [28] 魏下海,董志强,张永璟. 营商制度环境为何如此重要:来自民营企业家“内治外攘”的经验证据[J]. 经济科学,2015,37(2):105-116. [29] 蔡地,万迪昉. 制度环境影响企业的研发投入吗[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理,2012,33(4):121-128. [30] 姚耀军,董钢锋. 中小企业融资约束缓解:金融发展水平重要抑或金融结构重要:来自中小企业板上市公司的经验证据[J]. 金融研究,2015(4):148-161. [31] 韩磊,王西,张宝文. 市场化进程驱动了企业家精神吗[J]. 财经问题研究,2017,39(8):106-113. [32] 张峰,黄玖立,王睿. 政府管制、非正规部门与企业创新:来自制造业的实证依据[J]. 管理世界,2016,32(2):95-111,169. [33] 陈刚,陈敬之. 产权保护与企业家精神:基于微观数据的实证研究[J]. 经济社会体制比较,2016,32(1):81-93. [34] 温忠麟,张雷,侯杰泰,等. 中介效应检验程序及其应用[J]. 心理学报,2004,36(5):614-620. [35] 张美莎,徐浩,冯涛. 营商环境、关系型借贷与中小企业技术创新[J]. 山西财经大学学报,2019,41(2):35-49. [36] 周丽丽,杨刚强,江洪. 中国金融发展速度与经济增长可持续性:基于区域差异的视角[J]. 中国软科学,2014,29(2):58-69. [37] 王小鲁. 中国分省分市场化指数报告[M]. 北京：中信出版社, 2016. [38] 胡凯,吴清,胡毓敏. 知识产权保护的技术创新效应:基于技术交易市场视角和省级面板数据的实证分析[J]. 财经研究,2012,38(8):15-25. [39] BAUMOL W J. Entrepreneurship in economic theory[J]. American Economic Review, 1968, 58(2):64-71. [40] SCHULTZ T W. Investment in entrepreneurial ability[J]. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics,1980,82(4):437-448. [41] KIRZNER I M. Competition and entrepreneurship[M]. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1978. [42] 李宏彬,李杏,姚先国,等. 企业家的创业与创新精神对中国经济增长的影响[J]. 经济研究,2009,44(10):99-108. [43] 鲁传一,李子奈. 企业家精神与经济增长理论[J]. 清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2000,15(3):42-49. [44] HBERT R F,LINK A N. Historical perspectives on the entrepreneur[J]. Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship,2006,2(4):261-408. [45] 程锐. 市场化进程、企业家精神与地区经济发展差距[J]. 经济学家,2016,28(8):19-28. [46] 杨勇,朱乾,达庆利. 中国省域企业家精神的空间溢出效应研究[J]. 中国管理科学,2014,22(11):105-113. [47] 郭克莎. 中国工业发展战略及政策的选择[J]. 中国社会科学,2004,25(1):30-41,205-206. [48] 江伟,孙源,胡玉明. 客户集中度与成本结构决策:来自中国关系导向营商环境的经验证据[J]. 会计研究,2018,39(11):70-76. [49] BOSMA N,CONTENT J,SANDERS M,et al. Institutions,entrepreneurship,and economic growth in Europe[J]. Small Business Economics,2018,51(2):483-499. |
|
|
|
