“双创”背景下劳动者技能对创业行为的影响——全国劳动力动态调查分析

李君然; 陈俊廷; 封凯栋; 牛焕文

doi:10.6049/kjjbydc.2020010433

科技进步与对策 >

2020 , Vol. 37 >Issue 17: 9 - 17

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6049/kjjbydc.2020010433

科技管理创新

“双创”背景下劳动者技能对创业行为的影响——全国劳动力动态调查分析

李君然 ,
陈俊廷 ,
封凯栋 ,
牛焕文

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（1.北京大学政府管理学院，北京 100871；2. 北京大学国家发展研究院，北京 100871；3. 中山大学管理学院，广东广州 510000）

李君然（1993-），女，河南西平人，北京大学政府管理学院博士研究生，研究方向为企业管理与创新、政治经济学；陈俊廷（1996-），女，广东乐昌人，北京大学国家发展研究院硕士研究生，研究方向为政治经济学；封凯栋（1977-），男，广西容县人，博士，北京大学政府管理学院副教授、博士生导师，研究方向为创新政策、政治经济学；牛焕文（1994-），男，河南漯河人，中山大学管理学院硕士研究生，研究方向为公司治理、内部控制。本文通讯作者：封凯栋。

收稿日期: 2020-05-26

网络出版日期: 2020-09-14

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（71673012）

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The Impacts of Workers' Skills on Entrepreneurship in the Context of “Widespread Entrepreneurship and Innovation” Policies

Li Junran ,
Chen Junting ,
Feng Kaidong ,
Niu Huanwen

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(1.School of Government，Peking University, Beijing 100871,China; 2.National School of Development,Peking University, Beijing 100871,China; 3.School of Business,Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000,China)

Received date: 2020-05-26

Online published: 2020-09-14

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摘要

自2014年以来，中央及各级政府围绕“大众创业、万众创新”出台了大量政策，以鼓励和支持创新型创业。创新型创业，往往需要参与者拥有一定水平的知识或技能。基于2012年、2014年、2016年全国劳动力动态调查个体数据，在政策范式转换背景下检验劳动者技能对其创业选择的影响，并进一步检验不同技能类别的差异。结果显示，“双创”政策对于劳动者创业具有促进作用，但有技能的、技能水平较高的劳动者并未受到充分激励，其更倾向于受雇而非创业。由此，为了真正驱动经济创新转型，国家应当为有技能的劳动者开展创业活动提供更具有针对性的支撑条件，从而有效激励创新型创业发展。

关键词： “双创”政策; 创新创业; 技能; 专业性技能

本文引用格式

李君然 , 陈俊廷 , 封凯栋 , 牛焕文 . “双创”背景下劳动者技能对创业行为的影响——全国劳动力动态调查分析[J]. 科技进步与对策, 2020 , 37(17) : 9 -17 . DOI: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2020010433

Abstract

Since 2014,the central government and governments at all levels have issued many "widespread entrepreneurship and innovation" policies to encourage and support innovative entrepreneurship. Innovative entrepreneurship often requires participants to have a certain level of knowledge or skills. Based on the individual survey data of China Laborforce Dynamics Survey (CLDS) in 2012,2014 and 2016,this paper investigates the impact of workers' skills on their entrepreneurial behaviors in the context of policy paradigm shift,and further tests the impact of different kinds of skills. The results show that the emergence of "widespread entrepreneurship and innovation" policies can promote the entrepreneurship of workers,but the skilled and high skilled workers are not fully encouraged,they are more inclined to be employed than to start a business. Therefore,the state should make full use of "widespread entrepreneurship and innovation" policies to provide more targeted supportive environments for skilled workers to carry out entrepreneurial activities,to effectively encourage the development of innovative entrepreneurship and drive the innovative transformation of the economy.

Key words： "Widespread Entrepreneurshipand Innovation" Policy; Innovation and Entrepreneurship; Skills; Professional Skills

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