|
|
|
| International Technical Gap, OFDI Reverse Technology Spillover and Technological Progress of Local Enterprises |
| Wang Lijuan,Wu Fuxiang,Jiang Xinjuan |
| (School of Business, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Against the background of the global economic changes, it has become an important means for China to build a domestic and international dual cycle by encouraging enterprises to expand overseas markets. This is because the optimal layout of multinational enterprises worldwide can realize the transformation and upgrading of domestic industries from the following two aspects. First, it can directly promote industrial upgrading through marginal industrial transfer; second, it can obtain foreign advanced technology through reverse technology spillover effect, so as to indirectly promote industrial upgrading. However, both direct and indirect impacts are conducive to the construction of a new pattern of domestic and international dual circulation to a great extent. It is worth noting that this study focuses on the impact of OFDI reverse technology spillover on the technological progress of domestic enterprises. Although there are many related studies, few researchers examine the impact of OFDI reverse technology spillover on the technological progress of domestic enterprises from the perspective of its mechanism. Although many studies have shown that OFDI reverse technology spillover has a significant impact on the technological progress of domestic enterprises, there is a lack of discussion on the influence mechanism of generation principle of OFDI, which has a direct influence of OFDI reverse technology spillover effect on the technological progress of domestic enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to further investigate the impact of OFDI reverse technology spillover on the technological progress of domestic enterprises from the perspective of technology potential difference.#br#This study constructs the technology diffusion absorption model between multinational enterprises and local enterprises in the host country. Then it carries out simulation from two aspects of single technology diffusion and two-way technology diffusion to explore the source of OFDI reverse technology spillover effect. Accordingly the first innovation of this study is to analyze if OFDI reverse technology spillover has an impact on the technological progress of domestic enterprises from the perspective of technology potential difference. It is conducive to expanding the research dimension of OFDI reverse technology spillover. Secondly, most studies have made rough sample classification of the host country from the whole, developed countries and developing countries, and it leads to the deviation of the research results. This paper takes 78 economies worldwide from 2005 to 2019 as research samples to verify the proposition. Specifically, the Belt and Road Initiative and international technological potential are used to make a more detailed classification of the host country's sample. Considering the influence of time factors, the samples in 2013 are divided for a robustness test. Compared with the existing research, this papercan get more accurate results.#br#The results show that no matter where China's OFDI flows, reverse technology spillover can have a pulling effect on the technological progress of domestic enterprises. But there is a certain time lag of the effect. When the TFP ratio between China and the host country is within the range of (0.5,1.5), OFDI can play a significant reverse technology spillover effect on the technological progress of domestic enterprises. When the technological potential difference is further expanded, the limitation of knowledge spillover caused by backward technology in the host country or the absorption barriers caused by far too advanced technology are not conducive to the technological progress of domestic enterprises. In addition,there are also important ways to promote the technological progress of domestic enterprises by accelerating technology accumulation and international technology spillover through other channels. The research findings provide instructive significance for Chinese multinational enterprises to realize layout optimization. In the process of OFDI, it is necessary to properly guide the flow direction of the host country and industry according to the international technology potential difference. For different economies, China should maintain investment interaction with developed countries, especially about technology seeking OFDI. On the other hand, China also should continue to expand investment scale with the Belt and Road region, especially about resource seeking OFDI and market seeking OFDI. In this way, we can form a diversified investment pattern, realize the deep integration of domestic and foreign markets, and finally realize the efficient allocation of resources.#br#
|
|
Received: 13 October 2021
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] 程惠芳,陈超.开放经济下知识资本与全要素生产率——国际经验与中国启示[J].经济研究,2017,52(10): 21-36.[2] 黄凌云,刘冬冬,谢会强.对外投资和引进外资的双向协调发展研究[J].中国工业经济,2018,35(3):80-97.[3] 程惠芳,陆嘉俊.知识资本对工业企业全要素生产率影响的实证分析[J].经济研究,2014,49(5):174-187.[4] 林毅夫,张鹏飞.后发优势、技术引进和落后国家的经济增长[J].经济学(季刊),2005,5(4):53-74.[5] 李磊,冼国明,包群.“引进来”是否促进了“走出去”——外商投资对中国企业对外直接投资的影响[J].经济研究,2018,53(3):142-156.[6] 林毅夫,张鹏飞.适宜技术、技术选择和发展中国家的经济增长[J].经济学(季刊),2006,6(3):985-1006.[7] GLASS A J, SAGGI K. International technology transfer and the technology gap[J]. Journal of Development Economics, 1998,55(2),369-398.[8] DIMELIS, SOPHIA P. Spillovers from foreign direct investment and firm growth: technological, financial and market structure effects[J]. International Journal of the Economics of Business, 2005, 12(1):85-104.[9] 沈能,赵增耀.空间异质性假定下OFDI逆向技术溢出的门槛效应[J].科研管理,2013,34(12):1-7.[10] 蒋冠宏.我国企业跨国并购与行业内逆向技术溢出[J].世界经济研究, 2017,36(1): 60-69.[11] JORDAAN, JACOB A.Firm heterogeneity and technology transfers to local suppliers: disentangling the effects of foreign ownership, technology gap and absorptive capacity[J]. The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 2013,22(1)：75-102.[12] 李梅,柳士昌.对外直接投资逆向技术溢出的地区差异和门槛效应——基于中国省际面板数据的门槛回归分析[J].管理世界,2012,28(1): 21-32.[13] 李群峰.OFDI逆向技术溢出的最佳技术差距区间研究——基于面板门槛模型方法[J].科技管理研究, 2015, 35(17): 202-205.[14] 刘志彪,吴福象.“一带一路”倡议下全球价值链的双重嵌入[J].中国社会科学,2018,29(8): 17-32.[15] COE D T, HELPMAN E. International R&D spillovers[J]. European Economic Review, 1993,39(5)：859-887.[16] SOLOW R M. Technical change and the aggregate production function[J]. Review of Economics and Statistics, 1957, 39(3)：554-562.[17] 汪丽娟,吴福象,蒋欣娟.双向FDI技术溢出能否助推经济高质量发展[J].财经科学, 2019,63(4): 64-79.[18] 张广胜,孟茂源.研发投入对制造业企业全要素生产率的异质性影响研究[J].西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版),2020,41(11):115-124.[19] 王娟,任小静.基础研究与工业全要素生产率提升——任正非之问的实证检验[J].现代财经(天津财经大学学报),2020,40(6):3-16.[20] 靳巧花,严太华.国际技术溢出与区域创新能力——基于知识产权保护视角的实证分析[J].国际贸易问题, 2017,42(3):14-25.[21] SONG M L, CAO S P, WANG S H. The impact of knowledge trade on sustainable development and environment-biased technical progress[J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2019, 144:512-523. |
|
|
|
