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| Ecosystem Construction of Industrial Clusterbased on Industrial Internet：A Qualitative Study with Text Mining |
| Zuo Wenming1,2,Qiu Xinxin1 |
| (1.Department of Electronic Business, South China University of Technology; 2.Institute of Digital Business and Intelligent Logistics, South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China) |
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Abstract Industrial Internet plays an important role in the upgrading and revolution of manufacturing industry. Meanwhile, the practices on the industrial Internet platforms have become a boom, forming a platform-based industrial Internet ecology in China. However, prior research on industrial Internet mainly focused on identifying the connotation, exploring the application and analyzing the business model. As a virtual cluster system, the core components and system structure of industrial Internet industry cluster calls for further in-depth research. And how to promote the ecological development of the Industrial Internet is in urgent need of theoretical support. Ecological theory contributes to reveal the various elements and their interactions in organic systems, providing a theoretical support for the study of the ecological system of industrial Internet cluster. Therefore, this paper discusses the elements and the system structure of the industrial Internet cluster from the perspective of ecosystem. #br#We conduct qualitative research by using text mining technology. First, we collect textual data including the news and the policies regarding industrial Internet. We search the news of industrial Internet from five mainstream media websites and WeChat official accounts platform, and use the web crawler to access in total of 673 news from December 2009 to April 2020. To obtain useful data among Industrial Internet policies, we sort out 20 central policies and 14 local policies relevant to the industrial Internet from 2015 to 2020. After detailed screening, we select 8 policies from May 2015 to March 2020 as the materials for analysis, which were published by the State Council or the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China. We also preprocess the collected data to prepare the text for our further analysis, including removal of stop words and repetition, word segmentation and so on.#br#Then, we adopt TextRank algorithm to mine the keywords from industrial Internet news and policies. According to the results of topic mining of news and evolution analysis of policies, we identify the core elements in the field of industrial Internet, and explore the organizational mode and interaction path among these core elements. Further, we advance the understanding of these core elements of the industrial Internet and their correlation by reconstructing the industrial Internet cluster from an ecosystem perspective. We identify the internal and external components of the industrial Internet cluster ecosystem, and then build an industrial Internet cluster ecosystem model with a three-layer (platform as the core-chain cluster-network cluster) structure. Analyzing the operation mechanism and structural characteristics of industrial Internet cluster, we provide practical reference and theoretical support for the ecological development of the industrial Internet.#br#Our study primarily yields the following conclusions. First, industrial Internet platform is the core of building an industrial Internet ecosystem, which has catalyzed the development of industrial Internet cluster. In other words, the industrial Internet cluster ecosystem is essentially a platform-based ecosystem. Second, an industrial Internet cluster ecosystem mainly consists of four types of groups and two crucial external factors. The platform enterprises constitute the dominant group. Customer enterprises, competing enterprises and other related enterprises in the supply net form the key group. The government, universities and financial institutions mainly make up the supportive group, and a parasitic group that has not yet obviously formed a scale. Additionally, policies and technologies are the main external environmental factors of industrial Internet cluster ecosystem. Incentive policies are recently an important booster for the development of industrial Internet clusters, and information technology is the key to enhance data value and achieve servitization. Third, the industrial Internet cluster ecosystem has a three-layer structure. Core layer operates based on the platform, and the interaction between the dominant group and key group, such as information sharing, product/service transaction, etc., and provides the power source for the ecological development of the industrial Internet cluster. The core layer plus the supportive group forms a chain cluster. With the inclusion of the external environmental factors, the chain cluster evolves into network cluster.#br#This study contributes to the literature of industrial Internet by providing structural knowledge of industrial Internet cluster from an ecosystem perspective. It also has significant implications for practitioners in identifying and locating their roles in the industrial Internet cluster ecosystem. Nonetheless, our study has its limitations, which are directly derived from the nature of the collected data. News and policy data contain less comprehensive information than primary data obtained by interviews. And case studies on specific industrial Internet platforms benefit to validate our proposed model of industrial Internet cluster ecosystem or further advance our knowledge of industrial Internet cluster.#br#
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Received: 27 May 2021
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