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Abstract To accelerate the reform of the ecological civilization system, the key to the construction of beautiful China lies in the improvement of low carbon innovation ability and the efficiency of low carbon innovation. From the perspective of spatial heterogeneity and energy saving and emission reduction constraints, this paper constructed an innovative efficiency measurement model incorporating technology heterogeneity and non expected output, and used China's provincial panel data to measure China's inter provincial low carbon innovation efficiency. It is found that the efficiency of innovation is overestimated under the constraint of energy saving and emission reduction. Namely, undesirable output will reduce the efficiency of innovation activities. Due to the heterogeneity of spatial technology, there is significant spatial difference in innovation efficiency, showing a decreasing pattern of "East Central West" efficiency, and the low carbon production technology in the eastern region is closer to the effective frontier, and the gap is expanding gradually.
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