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Why is the Regional Agglomeration of Scientific and Technological Talents Different:Based on the Interpretation of Spatial Differences in the Innovation Environment |
Guo Shufen1,Zhang Wenli2 |
(1.Cooperative Innovation Center for Transition of Resource-based Economies,Shanxi University of Finance & Economics;2.School of Management Science and Engineering,Shanxi University of Finance & Economics,Taiyuan 030006,China) |
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Abstract At present, scientific and technological talents have become the strategic human resources for China's development. Cities have attracted scientific and technological talents to promote regional development by easing restrictions on settlement and strengthening financial subsidies. However, according to the data of China Statistical Yearbook on Science and Technology, there are obvious differences in scientific and technological talent gathering effect in different provinces, and draining of scientific and technological talents to developed areas in the east and south of China is still continuing. The existing research shows that China's scientific and technological talents show obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics. Therefore, when analyzing the influencing factors of scientific and technological talents, it is necessary to consider the influence of spatial effect. At the same time, some more detailed influence mechanisms caused by spatial correlation are also lacking deep analysis. So this paper uses spatial analysis technology, spatial Dubin model and partial differential method to systematically study the spatial effect of innovation environment on the agglomeration of scientific and technological talents by analyzing the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of innovation environment and agglomeration of scientific and technological talents.#br#Based on the panel data of 31 provinces (cities, districts) in China from 2010 to 2019, this paper explores the direct and indirect effects of the innovation environment on the agglomeration of scientific and technological talents by constructing the spatial Dubin model and decomposing the effects, and further discusses the effects of spatial heterogeneity. At the same time, in order to make the research results reliable, two spatial weight matrices (adjacent space weight matrix and inverse distance weight matrix) are used to verify each other.The results show that under the national total sample, a good regional innovation environment can significantly promote the gathering of scientific and technological talents in this region and produce a siphon effect on the surrounding areas; in the eastern, central and western sample situations, the influence of regional innovation environment on the gathering of scientific and technological talents has spatial heterogeneity, i.e., in the eastern, central and western regions, the innovation environment has promoted the gathering of local scientific and technological talents in different degrees, among which the local scientific and technological talents gathering effect of the innovation environment in the eastern and central regions is the most significant, while that in the western region is relatively weak, and the innovation environment in the eastern region has a significant siphon effect on the concentration of scientific and technological talents in the neighboring regions, but it is not reflected in the central and western regions.#br#The scientific insight that "China's scientific and technological talents show obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics" inspired this study to explore the influencing factors of scientific and technological talents' agglomeration from the spatial perspective, and proved that spatial proximity played an important role in the process of scientific and technological talents' agglomeration by means of spatial exploratory analysis and spatial econometric model, and the research results also showed that considering the spatial dependence of scientific and technological talents' agglomeration research can effectively avoid the estimation error. Different from previous studies, this study has answered the correlation between innovation environment and talent agglomeration under the influence of spatial effect in detail from the aspects of dynamic spatio-temporal evolution characteristics, national, eastern, central and western regions, and different proximity, and made up for the lack of previous discussion on the influence of innovation environment on the concentration of scientific and technological talents under the influence of spatial proximity.The conclusion shows that optimizing the innovation environment is an effective way to enhance the concentration of scientific and technological talents, but the differences in different geographical locations and geographical proximity also show that individual differences can not be ignored. According to the research, this paper puts forward four corresponding policy suggestions, providing theoretical basis for provinces and regions in China to improve the concentration level of scientific and technological talents, and suggestions to formulate innovative policies according to their own development stages and factor endowments.#br#
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Received: 21 March 2021
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