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| The Collaborative Governance of Ethical Risks in Emerging Technologies |
| An Huiying1,Huang Chaofeng2,Li Yang1 |
| (1.School of Military and Political Basic Education, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China;2.National Strategic Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China) |
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Abstract In order to promote the sound development of emerging technologies and the good behavior of scientific and technological innovation with an efficient governance paradigm, it is essential to emphasize and effectively strengthen the research on ethical risk management of emerging technologies. According to the existing research, the ethical risks of emerging technologies refer to the ethical negative effects between man and himself, between man and man, between man and society, and between man and nature caused by the inherent complexity and high uncertainty of emerging technologies and the multiple influences of external factors, such as social order disorder, human subject threat and ecological environment destruction. The ethical risks of emerging technologies have the following basic characteristics: the unity of variability and controllability, the coexistence of objectivity and subjectivity, strong complexity and subversion. At present, the manifestations of ethical risks of emerging technologies include technology security, infringement of individual rights and interests, social fairness and justice, and threats to the ecosystem. Ethical risks of emerging technologies are mainly caused by the high uncertainty of emerging technologies, people's insufficient cognition and response to ethical risks of emerging technologies, some scientific and technological innovation workers and enterprises driven by utilitarianism of economic interests, and the violation of traditional ethics and moral norms. Due to the influences of the above multiple factors, there are some practical problems in the ethical risk management of such complex and highly uncertain emerging technologies. It is mainly manifested as a lack of awareness of risk prevention and relatively backward governance concepts, weak strength and insufficient coordination of governance subjects, outdated and single governance means,an overemphasis on results-oriented governance in governance process, and the scope of governance still needs to be further expanded.#br#By referring to the paradigm of collaborative governance and starting from "governance concept, governance subject, governance means, governance process and governance scope", this paper proposes a new path of collaborative governance of ethical risks in emerging technologies to realize the transformation from single decentralized management to multiple collaborative governance. It puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions for the study of ethical risk management in emerging technologies. (1) It is critical to foster the concept of collaborative governance and focus on improving people's well-being. In the process of ethical risk management of emerging technologies, it is important to hold the view of collaborative governance instead of the single decentralized management, and adhere to the "people-centered" development concept to formulate scientific and technological ethical principles and carry out scientific and technological innovation activities. (2) The participation of multiple entities under the leadership of the government is expected so as to promote the collaborative governance among multiple governance entities. (3) It is of practical significance to take a combination of "hard means" and "soft power" to strengthen the construction of science and technology ethics system for emerging technologies, and actively implement the ethical risk publicity of emerging technologies. (4) It is pivotal to focus on forward-looking governance studies and implement the whole process of ethical risk management. (5) Cooperation among multiple academic fields should be warranted to move towards the ethical governance of global science and technology.#br#Compared with the existing studies, this paper takes emerging technologies as the research objects and conducts research on ethical risk governance, breaking through the limitations of ethical risk governance studies on a certain emerging technology in previous studies, such as artificial intelligence technology and big data technology, and provides macro-guiding significance for the ethical risk governance in the whole field of scientific and technological innovation. In addition, this paper introduces the collaborative governance theory and adopts the collaborative governance paradigm to construct a new collaborative governance system for ethical risk management of emerging technologies against the "single and decentralized" problems existing in ethical risk management of emerging technologies at the present stage, which improves the scientific nature and effectiveness of ethical risk management of emerging technologies.#br#
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Received: 15 July 2022
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