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| Organized Scientific Research Paradigm in Colleges and Universities Based on the Four Orientations:A Single Case Study |
| Wu Zhenggang,Liu Yuqi |
| (College of Economics and Business Administration, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China) |
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Abstract As the intersectionality and complexity of disciplines in scientific research have become increasingly prominent, the driving factor of scientific research has changed from interest to demand, the focus of scientific research has changed from theory to application, and the mode of scientific research has changed from discrete to organized. The traditional scientific research paradigm of colleges and universities has been insufficient in responding to major national needs. Therefore, organized scientific research has become an important form for colleges and universities to formally and systematically serve the national strategic needs, and it is an objective requirement to improve the efficiency of national scientific and technological innovation in the era of big science to cope with the new situation of national competition. Thus, in order to make up for the shortcomings of the traditional scientific research paradigm in universities, this study constructs an organized scientific research paradigm for colleges and universities based on the four orientations, and discusses the implementation path and effectiveness of organized scientific research at Chongqing University.#br#At present, the research on organized scientific research mainly focuses on the theoretical meaning, relationship combing, governance policy, etc., and little has been done on the construction of organized scientific research paradigm. This study adopts the literature research method to clarify the connotation of "four orientations" and organized scientific research, and sorts out the four characteristics of organized scientific research: integration, orientation, intersectionality, and hierarchy. From the perspectives of "four orientations" and organized scientific research, and the relationship between organized scientific research and free exploration, the study analyzes the relationship between "four orientations" and organized scientific research, and the relationship among "four orientations", organized scientific research and free exploration. Then it summarizes the problems in the traditional scientific research paradigm of universities, including the weak capacity of original innovation, the low rate of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and the weak capacity of collaborative innovation, and explores the causes of the problems: insufficient tolerance for mistakes in the academic environment, inadequate connection between internal and external linkage mechanisms and demand, and the ineffective mechanism of cooperation between industry, academia and research. The corresponding four major principles are proposed for the construction of an organized scientific research paradigm in universities: strategic leadership, organizational innovation, in-depth integration, and chain-wide coherence, and an organized scientific research paradigm based on the "four orientations" is constructed to realize the reformation of "strategy-process-organization-system". In addition, this study adopts the case study method to explore the implementation path and effectiveness of Chongqing University's organized scientific research. Chongqing University has been active in promoting organized scientific research based on the "four orientations", and has constructed a "1+5" scientific research management system, i.e., a management system consisting of one management organization and five scientific research entities, forming a whole chain from basic research to industrial cultivation. The implementation of organized scientific research in Chongqing University has verified the scientificity and applicability of the theory, and provides reference for universities to build a characteristic organized scientific research paradigm.#br#In the implementation of organized scientific research in universities, it is essential to optimize the top-level design and promote the iterative upgrading of the implementation path and the scientific research organizational paradigms. First, the implementation of organized scientific research should follow the "four orientations", optimize the top-level design, classify and apply measures to realize the complete system reformation of "strategy-process-organization-system" and systematically promote organized scientific research in universities. Second, free exploration with organized scientific research should be encouraged so that universities can take their own disciplinary advantages and characteristics as the entry point, and build scientific research systems from basic research to applied research. Third, in the construction of the scientific research paradigm, a new organizational model of horizontal and vertical integration should be constructed to realize the integration of the whole chain from cultivation, incubation to industrialization and build a complete scientific research system from basic research to the commercialization of scientific research results.#br#
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Received: 09 August 2023
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