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| Scientific Research Organization Pattern of National Science and Technology Program Led by University Based on Grounded Theory： A Case Study of Beihang Changying UAV |
| Zheng Shuwen1,Ouyang Taohua1,Zhang Feng2 |
| (1.School of Economics and Managment, BeiHang University;2.School of Humanities and Social Sciences(School of Public Administration), BeiHang University, Beijing 100191,China) |
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Abstract China has launched a series oflarge-scale task-oriented national science and technology programs with the aim to make breakthroughs in key technologies and promote economic development. It is of great significance to comprehensively summarize experiences for future scientific research organization pattern development.#br#At the end of the 1990s, China regarded the development of mid-altitude and long-endurance UAV as a strategic major scientific and technological project. Starting from scratch, Beihang University led the independent development of UAV prototype and finally achieved success. It can be seen that due to the highly uncertain political and economic environment, the organizations undertaking national science and technology project are also confronted with increasing uncertainties. Therefore, both theoretical and practical circles are exploring the organization patterns of national science and technology programs. However, the existing studies mostly focus on the projects with obvious economic benefits rather than unclear market with technical difficulties. In terms of the research content, it mainly focuses on the summary of the overall practical experience of existing scientific and technological projects and the comparative analysis of the organization mode of scientific and technological projects at home and abroad, and they fail to explore the role of university in such projects.#br#Therefore, this study attempts to summarize the characteristics and types of this kind of project led by university based on the specific case of Changying UAV development, explore the scientific research organization pattern behind their success, and respond to why university is more suitable to lead the large-scale and task-oriented national science and technology programs.#br#Based on this, this paper adopts the method based on programmatic grounded theory to conceptualize and categorize the data obtained from field interview, observation and literature review in three stages: open coding, spindle coding and selective coding. Therefore, four core categories are obtained accordingly: undertaking big projects, forming large teams, relying on big platforms and making great achievements. From the structured data and original data, this study has the following findings. (1) National science and technology projects suitable for university leadership presents the connotation of "linked science and technology challenges". Thus such projects have the dual character of the initiative of scientific exploration and the breakthrough of science and technology. (2) The success of such projects can be attributed to the innovative scientific research organization pattern. Guided by country-oriented project,this pattern focuses on making big achievements with feedback such as overall goal realization, talent training, industry driven development on the interaction between the national team and the industry-university-research cooperation platform. It explains why universities are suitable for taking national science and technology projects. To be more specific, colleges and universities have the advantage of theoretical accumulation rooted in scientific research for many years. Moreover colleges and universities have complete disciplines and majors to provide the latest cutting-edge theoretical research results and relevant technical talents in various fields required for the development of major scientific and technological projects. Last but not the least, the free, equal and open atmosphere provides a tolerant innovation environment for integrated innovation, and the mission of colleges and universities to serve the society ensures steady and strong spiritual strength. (3) The two key elements in this pattern are forming large teams and relying on big platforms, which are the implementation subject and core carrier of large-scale projects as well as the creator and beneficiary of great achievements. The interaction between the two drives the smooth operation of the pattern.#br#On the one hand, this paper is committed to clarifying the characteristics of national scientific and technological programs such as UAV, summarizing the scientific research organization pattern to ensure its success, and exploring the key elements and their relationships in this pattern so as to enrich relevant theories. On the other hand, it is hoped to provide practical paths and management experience for universities to serve national major strategic needs and play the role of new force of scientific and technological innovation in the new era.#br#
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Received: 12 November 2021
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