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| An Empirical Research of the Impact of Multi-dimensional Proximity on the Internationalization Capability of Enterprises' Technical Standards Based on ITU International Standard Data |
| Zhou Qing1,Chen Peifu1,Mao Chongfeng2 |
| (1. School of Management, Hangzhou Dianzi University;2. School of Economics, Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018, China) |
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Abstract A new round of global standardization has brought momentous changes to the knowledge acquisition mode of international development for enterprises' technology standards (ETS). Specifically, the International Standards Alliance (ISA) has gradually become a significant carrier for enterprises to acquire high-quality knowledge resources to enhance the capacity for ETS internationalization. Promoting the flow of knowledge among members of the ISA from a multi-faceted perspective and improving the efficiency of enterprise knowledge absorption is destined to be a key task at present and in the future. This paper points out that multi-dimensional proximity is a crucial factor to affect the flow and absorption of knowledge among the members of the ISA. Especially, the ISA is shifting to a transnational form such that the proximity characteristics between alliance members are increasingly significant and the impact of multi-dimensional proximity on the internationalization capability of ETS can be tremendous. From the perspective of multi-dimensional proximity of the ISA, the complex influence mechanism of multi-dimensional proximity on knowledge flow and absorption among alliance members is explored and the alliance member combinations with great internationalization capability of ETS is optimized. The research results can provide reference for obtaining an internationalization capability of ETS.#br#From the perspective of the ICT industry, the data of ITU international standards from 2010 to 2020 is used to explore the impact of technical proximity and organizational proximity on the internationalization capability of ETS. The participation experience in the ISA and the moderating role of geographic proximity are addressed. To be specific, this paper obtains the data about the ISA and the internationalization capability of ETS from the official website of the ITU. The multidimensional proximity of the ISA is calculated based on the combination of the alliance members and the theoretical hypotheses are tested by the negative binomial regression model.#br#In the nutshell, the main conclusions of this paper are as follows. Firstly, technical proximity is positively correlated with the internationalization capability of ETS. That means similar technical research perspectives among alliance members can enhance the internationalization capability of ETS. Secondly, organizational proximity and the internationalization capability of ETS have an inverted U-shaped relationship. In other words, moderate convergence of organizational nature among alliance members improves the internationalization capability of ETS, while excessive organizational proximity hinders enterprises from carrying out technology standards internationalization activities. Thirdly, geographical proximity has a negative moderating effect on the inverted U-shaped relationship between organizational proximity and the internationalization capability of ETS. That means spatial aggregation among alliance members can strengthen the effect of organizational proximity on the internationalization capability of ETS, but aggravate the inhibitory effect of excessive organizational proximity on the internationalization capability. The research conclusions enrich the relevant research on the internationalization capability of ETS, deepen the theoretical explanation of the effect of spatial aggregation within the TSA, and provide the empirical basis and practical reference for the selection of alliance partners when enterprises internationalize their ETS. #br#Considering the development status of ITU International Standards Alliance and the problem of data inadequacy, this study does not explore the impact of social proximity on the internationalization capability of enterprises' technical standards. Future research can draw on more representative data for analysis, and deepen the impact mechanism of multi-dimensional proximity on the internationalization capability of enterprises' technical standards.Besides, this study is conducted based on the ICT industry for empirical analysis. Future research is warranted to focus on other relevant industries to carry out empirical analysis and demonstration, and expand the industry field of research on the impact of multi-dimensional proximity on the internationalization capability of enterprise technical standards.#br#
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Received: 22 March 2022
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