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| How Industry Heterogeneity Affect the Green Economic Efficiency of High-tech Industry Agglomeration |
| Zhang Na1,Deng Jinqian2 |
| (1.College of Economics,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070, China;2.School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China) |
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Abstract With the increasingly prominent issues of ecological deterioration, environmental pollution and resource shortages, green development has become an important means to balance environmental protection and economic growth, and an inevitable choice for the sustainable development of China. There is a direct logical relationship between the development of green economy and industrial structure and layout. As an important carrier of regional economic development, the high-tech industry bears the characteristics of resource conservation and environment-friendliness. Its agglomeration has strong technology spillover and scale effects, and has a significant impact on regional green economic efficiency.#br#The high-tech industry includes various major industries such as pharmaceutical manufacturing, electronic and communication equipment manufacturing, and secondary s subsectors. On the one hand, there are great differences in the agglomeration level and spatial distribution of these major industries. On the other hand, there are also significant differences in industry characteristics within the segmented industries in terms of property rights structure, enterprise scale, technology intensity and enterprise viability. These industry characteristics have a synergistic effect with the agglomeration effect of high-tech industry, which leads to a change in the influence mechanism of high-tech industry agglomeration on green economic efficiency. Therefore, through theoretical analysis, this paper proposes the following four research hypotheses. H1: In the high-tech industry agglomeration area, the higher the proportion of state-owned property rights in segmented industries, the stronger the promoting effect of industrial agglomeration on green economic efficiency. H2: In the high-tech industry cluster area, the larger the scale of enterprises in segmented industries, the more beneficial it is to enhance the role of industrial agglomeration in promoting the efficiency of green economy. H3: In the high-tech industry cluster area, the impact of technology intensity in segmented industries on green economic efficiency may vary among different industries. In industries with high technological barriers, the higher the technology intensity, the less conducive it is to stimulating the green economic efficiency of high-tech industry agglomeration. H4: In the high-tech industry agglomeration area, the self-sufficiency of segmented industry enterprises can enhance the promoting effect of industrial agglomeration on green economic efficiency, and this effect is stronger in industries with higher technological barriers.#br#In this paper, the panel data of 15 sub-sectors of the high-tech industry in China from 2001 to 2020 is collected to empirically test the hypothesis mentioned above. The global super-efficiency SBM model which includes resource consumption, environmental benefit and undesirable output is used to measure the efficiency of green economy. The EG index is used to measure the agglomeration level of the high-tech industry and its major categories. On this basis, a moderating effect model is constructed to examine how industry heterogeneity affects the green economic efficiency of high-tech industry agglomeration in four dimensions: property rights structure, enterprise scale, technology intensity and enterprise viability. The results show that high tech industrial agglomeration can significantly improve the efficiency of green economy, and this effect is greater in high-tech sub industries with higher proportion of state-owned property rights; the expansion of average enterprise scale has enhanced the green economic efficiency of industrial agglomeration in pharmaceutical manufacturing, electronic and communication equipment manufacturing, medical instrument and instrument manufacturing, but it is not significant in computer and office equipment manufacturing; high technology intensity has enhanced the green economic efficiency of industrial agglomeration in pharmaceutical manufacturing, medical equipment and instrument manufacturing, but it has a negative impact on electronic and communication equipment manufacturing, computer and office equipment manufacturing; the viability of enterprises can enhance the green economic efficiency of industrial agglomeration of electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry, computer and office equipment manufacturing industry, which is not significant in other major industries.#br#Hence, this paper emphasizes the need to strengthen the leading role of state-owned property rights and their regulatory mechanism, further develop and strengthen large-scale high-tech enterprises, accelerate cooperation and mergers and acquisitions between enterprises, establish the entire industrial chain, and cultivate a group of enterprises above scale. It further highlights the leadership of green technology, and calls for the promotion of the market-oriented application of green technology innovation achievements, and the acceleration of the reform of high-end, intelligent and green traditional high-tech industries.#br#
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Received: 28 December 2022
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