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| Cooperative Network of Shanghai Enterprise-led Innovation Consortium:An Example of the Projects of the Shaihai Science and Technology Progress Award |
| Cao Yougen1,2,Ren Shengce1,Du Mei1 |
| (1.Shanghai International College of Intellectual Property, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092,China; 2. Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition, Munich 80539, Germany) |
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Abstract At present the scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement are taken as the strategic support for national development, but the existing innovation cooperation modes, such as R&D alliance, research consortium and industry-university-research cooperation, are not only loosely coupled, market-driven and economic interest-oriented, but also difficult to undertake major national missions and ensure the self-reliance and self-improvement of high-level science and technology. The enterprise-led innovation consortium can effectively solve the problems of key technologies and cutting-edge leading technologies, and is an effective way to promote the deep collaboration of industry-university-research and the transformation of scientific and technological innovation achievements. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the enterprise-led innovation consortium.#br#As a new concept, the enterprise-led innovation consortium is still in the exploratory stage.Scholars have conducted preliminary discussions on its basic connotation, dynamic mechanism, construction paths, and performance impacts, but there is rare research on the cooperation trend, structural characteristics and spatio-temporal network evolution of the enterprise-led innovation consortium. In view of this, this paper focuses on the following two research questions:What are the structural characteristics and evolution of the cooperation network of the enterprise-led innovation consortium? What are the spatial and organizational characteristics of innovation entities in the cooperation network of enterprise-led innovation consortium?#br#According to the projects of the Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award from 2006 to 2020, this paper divides it into three stages according to the trends of enterprise-led innovation consortium. First, this paper uses social network analysis methods to analyze the structural characteristics and its evolution of the cooperation network of enterprise-led innovation consortium. Then, it analyzes the spatial distribution and organizational characteristics of innovation entities in the cooperation network of enterprise-led innovation consortium from the node attribute level.#br#The research results show that the network scale continues to grow from the first stage to the third stage, and the network evolves towards a more developed and connected direction; the number of core innovative entities is increasing, and their status is becoming more prominent; traditional fields such as electricity and construction have developed the ultra-large enterprise-led innovation consortia; the spatial distribution of innovative entities in the cooperation network shows obvious stage characteristics, and gradually forms a "hexagonal" regional cooperative network, but each region has different influences in regional cooperation; enterprise-university and enterprise-enterprise are the main cooperative modes in the cooperative network of the enterprise-led innovation consortium.#br#On the basis of the above conclusions, the study presents the following practical insights. First, the analysis of the cooperation network trend and structural characteristics' evolution of enterprise-led innovation consortium provides the overall layout of Shanghai enterprise-led innovation consortium cooperation. Second, in the evolution of the cooperation network of enterprise-led innovation consortium in Shanghai, the phenomenon of agglomeration and imbalance around certain large nodes, and the decrease in the degree of cooperation between innovation entities due to rapid expansion, etc. require the government to maintain a dynamic balance between the stability and expansion of innovation entities. Third, the regional cooperation of enterprise-led innovation consortium in Shanghai has formed a "hexagonal" network with Shanghai as the center and east, northeast, southeast, central, northwest and southwest as the fulcrums, but each fulcrum plays a different role. Shanghai should strengthen the inter-regional exchanges to form a differentiated cross-regional cooperation network of enterprise-led innovation consortium based on its own advantages. Fourth, the Shanghai enterprise-led innovation consortium mainly relies on enterprises, especially large leading enterprises, to carry out joint research activities, and the participation proportion of scientific research institutes needs to be improved. Meanwhile, among the existing innovative cooperation modes, the "enterprise-university-institute-government" cooperation mode needs to be strengthened.#br#
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Received: 25 July 2022
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