|
|
|
| The Effect of Task Conflict on Structural Embeddedness of Participants in Major Scientific Collaborative Innovation Networks：A Serial Multiple Mediation Model |
| Sun Wen, Liu Renjing |
| (School of Management, Xi′an Jiaotong University, Xi′an 710049, China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract With the rapid development of high-tech innovation, the problem that a single innovation subject is confronted with resource constraints is becoming ever more obvious. In this context, collaborative innovation has many benefits, such as integrating all kinds of distributed resources, uniting a wide range of participants and realizing complementary advantages. It plays a major role in promoting national cutting-edge research in the field of science and technology, serving national major scientific and technological needs, supporting scientific and technological self-reliance. The major scientific projects are the most important part in the development of China's national frontier independent innovation capability, and also typical representatives of the cross regional, cross organizational and interdisciplinary collaborative innovation research networks in China. Meanwhile there are problems to be solved in the field of collaborative innovation management of these projects. For example, most of the existing studies are from the macro perspective, and pay little attention to individual behavior involved in collaborative innovation activities. However, individual participants are the foundation for the output of innovative achievements of major scientific projects. In addition, collaborative tasks of major scientific projects are mostly modular and integrated. In the relatively loose cooperative network relationship, there is also no specific theoretical explanation for the reasons why researchers actively cooperate and embed themselves in it.#br#In response to the above theoretical and practical demands,following the knowledge management theory and social network theory, this study reconsiders the individual collaborative relationship of major scientific projects in the form of interactive relationship network. It focuses on the specific issue of "the antecedents of network structure embeddedness of researchers participating in collaborative innovation network of major scientific projects". Specifically,this paper proposes a serial multiple mediation model on task conflict and structural embeddedness based on the special context of major collaborative innovation networks. Through empirical analysis of 329 samples of researchers in a major scientific innovation network, this study finds that group attention and social skill play a serial multiple mediation role in the relationship between task conflict and the structural embeddedness of researchers. Task conflict has a positive impact on the structural embeddedness of researchers in major scientific collaborative innovation networks through the path of “task conflict → group attention → social skills → structural embeddedness”. #br#The results have a certain theoretical contribution to clarify the structural embeddedness antecedent mechanism and its formation mechanism of researchers in the major collaborative innovation network. On the one hand, the study makes up for the lack of individual level behavior analysis in the existing collaborative innovation research. From the individual perspective, this paper puts forward new theoretical opinions on the antecedent mechanism of the network structure embeddedness of collaborative participants, and provides reliable empirical data support. On the other hand, the study demonstrates and explains the reason why task conflict can positively affect the structural embeddedness of participants in major scientific collaborative networks. The conclusions support some viewpoints under the framework of cognitive-affective system theory of personality, and expand the direction of related research topics.#br#The findings also have a certain practical significance for the collaborative relationship governance of major scientific projects. First, the study is helpful for major scientific project managers to face up to the rational elements of task conflict and avoid falling into the trap of single evaluation. It shows that encouraging the collision of different inspiration can benefit a favorable relationship network environment for the honest expression and active embedding behavior of the participants in the collaborative process. Second, group-oriented and individual socialization can stimulate the active embeddedness of the participants by meeting the needs of the participants for group belonging and value recognition, which is conducive to the improvement on the structural embeddedness level of the participant researchers. Third, there is a win-win opportunity for group goals and the self-improvement needs of the participants by allowing the participants to integrate their self-improvement needs into the collective goals, and encouraging them to give full play to their subjective initiative in social interaction, connection or embedding. It is conducive to members competing to act as an important node in the collaborative innovation network, so as to promote the benign development of the collaborative innovation network of major scientific and engineering projects.#br#
|
|
Received: 14 March 2022
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] BOGERS M, ZOBEL A K, AFUA A, et al. The open innovation research landscape: established perspectives and emerging themes across different levels of analysis[J]. Industry & Innovation, 2017, 24(1): 8-40.
[2] STOJCIC N. Collaborative innovation in emerging innovation systems: evidence from Central and Eastern Europe[J]. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2021, 46(2): 531-562.
[3] 张宇翔,赵国堂,周国华,等.国际复杂工程项目合作网络演化研究[J].软科学,2021,35(7):136-144.
[4] 余义勇, 杨忠.如何有效发挥领军企业的创新链功能——基于新巴斯德象限的协同创新视角[J].南开管理评论, 2020, 23(2):6-17.
[5] 陈伟,王秀锋,曲慧,等.产学研协同创新共享行为影响因素研究[J].管理评论, 2020, 32(11):94-103.
[6] LYU L, WU W, HU H, et al. An evolving regional innovation network: collaboration among industry, university, and research institution in China's first technology hub[J]. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2019, 44(3):659-680.
[7] HERNANDEZ-ESPALLARDO M, OSORIO-TINOCO F, RODRIGUEZ-OREJUELA A. Improving firm performance through inter-organizational collaborative innovations: the key mediating role of the employee's job-related attitudes[J]. Management Decision, 2018, 56(6):1167-1182.
[8] GASSMANN O, ENKEL E, CHESBROUGH H. The future of open innovation[J]. R & D Management, 2010, 40(3): 213-221.
[9] DU J, LETEN B, VANHAVERBEKE W. Managing open innovation projects with science-based and market-based partners[J]. Research Policy, 2014, 43(5): 828-840.
[10] SALTER A, WAL A T, CRISCUOLO P, et al. Open for ideation: individual-level openness and idea generation in R&D[J]. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2015, 32(4): 488-504.
[11] 解学梅,刘丝雨.协同创新模式对协同效应与创新绩效的影响机理[J].管理科学,2015,28(2): 27-39.
[12] SHTEYNBERG G. A silent emergence of culture: the social tuning effect[J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2010, 99(4): 683-689.
[13] DE DREU C K W, CARNEVALE P J D. Motivational basis of information processing and strategy in conflict and negotiation[J]. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 2003, 35(3): 235-291.
[14] FERRIS G R, WITT L A, HOCHWARTER W A. Interaction of social skill and general mental ability on job performance and salary[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2001, 86(6): 1075-1082.
[15] GRANOVETTER M. Economic action and social structure: the problem of embeddedness[J]. American Journal of Sociology, 1985, 91(3): 481-510.
[16] PARUCHURI S, AWATE S. Organizational knowledge networks and local search: the role of intra-organizational inventor networks[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2017, 38(3): 657-675.
[17] TORTORIELLO M. The social underpinnings of absorptive capacity: the moderating effects of structural holes on innovation generation based on external knowledge[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2015, 36(4): 586-597.
[18] CARNABUCI G, OPERTI E. Where do firms' recombinant capabilities come from? intraorganizational networks, knowledge, and firms' ability to innovate through technological recombination[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2013, 34(13): 1591-1613.
[19] GULER I, NERKAR A. The impact of global and local cohesion on innovation in the pharmaceutical industry[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2012, 33(5): 535-549.
[20] GRIGORIOU K, ROTHAERMEL F T. Structural microfoundations of innovation: the role of relational stars[J]. Journal of Management, 2014, 40(2): 586-615.
[21] CASTELLACCI F, GULBRANDSEN M, HILDRUM J, et al. Functional centrality and innovation intensity: employee-level analysis of the Telenor group[J]. Research Policy, 2018, 47(9): 1674-1687.
[22] WEST J, SALTER A, VANHAVERBEKE W, et al. Open innovation: the next decade[J]. Research Policy, 2014, 43(5): 805-811.
[23] 张玲玲,王蝶,张利斌.跨学科性与团队合作对大科学装置科学效益的影响研究[J].管理世界,2019,35(12):199-212.
[24] 王巍,孙笑明,崔文田.社会网络视角下的知识搜索和知识扩散研究述评与展望[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2020,41(6):36-54.
[25] JEHN K A. A multimethod examination of the benefits and detriments of intergroup conflict [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1995, 40 (2): 256-282.
[26] 戴佩华,范莉莉.团队任务冲突对决策质量的影响及信任在影响过程中的作用[J].预测,2014,33(6):31-36.
[27] 刘冰,谢凤涛,孟庆春.团队氛围对团队绩效影响机制的实证分析[J].中国软科学, 2011, 11(11):133-133.
[28] 刘颖.分布式协同创新网络任务冲突对创新合作行为影响研究[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学, 2019.
[29] CARNEVALE P J, PROBST T M. Social values and social conflict in creative problem solving and categorization[J]. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 1998, 74(5):1300-1309.
[30] LIU S, WEI H, XIN H, et al. Task conflict and team creativity: the role of team mindfulness, experiencing tensions, and information elaboration[J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Management,2022, 39(4): 1367-1398.
[31] AMASON A C, THOMPSON K R, HOCHWARTER W A, et al. Conflict: an important dimension in successful management teams[J]. Organizational Dynamics, 1995, 24(2): 20-35.
[32] PARRY M E, SONG M, SPEKMAN R E. Task conflict, integrative potential, and conflict management strategies in joint ventures[J]. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 2008, 55(2): 201-218.
[33] PUCK J, PREGERNIG U. The effect of task conflict and cooperation on performance of teams: are the results similar for different task types [J]. European Management Journal, 2014, 32(6): 870-878.
[34] DE DREU C K W, WEINGART L R. Task versus relationship conflict, team performance, and team member satisfaction: a meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2003, 88(4): 741-749.
[35] KURTZBERG T R, MUELLER J S. The influence of daily conflict on perceptions of creativity: a longitudinal study[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2005, 16(4):335-353.
[36] BURT R S. Toward a structural theory of action: network models of social structure, perception, and action[M]. New York: Academic Press, 1982.
[37] SHTEYNBERG G. A social host in the machine? the case of group attention[J]. Journal of Applied Research in Memory & Cognition, 2014, 3(4): 307-311.
[38] ASHFORTH B E, MAEL F. Social identity theory and the organization[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1989, 14(1):20-39.
[39] 蔡丽玲,宝贡敏.同事评价与研发人员知识共享:群体关注的调节效应[J].科研管理, 2019, 40(5):264-274.
[40] SHTEYNBERG G, HIRSH J B, GALINSKY A D, et al. Shared attention increases mood infusion[J]. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2014, 143(1): 123-130.
[41] SHTEYNBERG G, GALINSKY A D. Implicit coordination: sharing goals with similar others intensifies goal pursuit[J]. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2011, 47(6): 1291-1294.
[42] HE X, LEVER A G, HUMPHREYS G W. Interpersonal memory-based guidance of attention is reduced for ingroup members[J]. Experimental Brain Research, 2011, 211: 429-438.
[43] ESKENAZI T, DOERRFELD A, LOGAN G D, et al. Your words are my words: effects of acting together on encoding[J]. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 2013, 66(5): 1026-1034.
[44] SHTEYNBERG G, APFELBAUM E P. The power of shared experience: simultaneous observation with similar others facilitates social learning[J]. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2013, 4(6): 738-744.
[45] TREADWAY D C, BRELAND J W, ADAMS G L, et al. The interactive effects of political skill and future time perspective on career and community networking behavior[J]. Social Networks, 2010, 32(2):138-147.
[46] 李静.组织嵌入、政治技能与员工主动性行为的关系研究[D].杭州：浙江理工大学, 2018.
[47] ZHANG S, YUAN C, HAN C. Industry-university-research alliance portfolio size and firm performance: the contingent role of political connections[J]. Journal of Technology Transfer, 2020, 45(5): 1505-1534.
[48] FERRIS G R. Political skill at work: impact on work effectiveness[M]. Hachette UK, 2011.
[49] MISCHEL W, SHODA Y. A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure[J]. Psychological Review, 1995, 102(2): 246-268.
[50] 王媚娇.员工政治技能对其知识共享的影响研究[D].大连：东北财经大学, 2015.
[51] BRISLIN R W. Translation and content analysis of oral and written materials[J]. Methodology, 1980: 389-444.
[52] FREEMAN L C, WHITE D R, ROMNEY A K. Research methods in social network analysis[M]. Piscataway: Transaction Publishers, 1992.
[53] PEARSON A W, ENSLEY M D, AMASON A C. An assessment and refinement of Jehn's intragroup conflict scale[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2002, 13(2): 110-126.
[54] VERHAEGHEN P, BASAK C. Ageing and switching of the focus of attention in working memory: results from a modified N-Back task[J]. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 2005, 58(1): 134-154.
[55] BOGERS M, FOSS N J, LYNGSIE J. The "human side" of open innovation: the role of employee diversity in firm-level openness[J]. Research Policy, 2018, 47(1): 218-231.
[56] PODSAKOFF P M, MACKENZIE S B, BOMMER W H. Meta-analysis of the relationships between Kerr and Jermier′s substitutes for leadership and employee job attitudes, role perceptions, and performance[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1996, 81(4): 380-399.
[57] HARMAN D. A single factor test of common method variance[J]. The Journal of Psychology Interdisciplinary and Applied, 1967, 35: 359-378.
|
|
|
|
