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| Dimension Exploration and Scale Development of Organizational Implants of Manufacturing enterprises in the Context of Digital Servitization |
| Wang Rong1,Chen Juhong2 |
| (1. School of Modern Post, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China;2. School of Economics and Management, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710054, China) |
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Abstract With new characteristics in the context of digital servitization, organizational implants are an important way for manufacturing enterprises to provide advanced services for customers. However, there has been no normative research on the dimension and scale of organizational implants in manufacturing enterprises under the context of digital servitization. Clarifying the content of organizational implants of manufacturing enterprises in the context of digital servitization is conducive to the in-depth understanding of the organizational implants in the digital servitization transformation for manufacturing enterprises, and also helps scholars to carry out quantitative research on digital servitization and organizational implants. In view of this, the paper discusses the dimension exploration and scale development of organizational implants of manufacturing enterprises in the context of digital servitization. #br#The research team interviews 19 employees from 7 manufacturing enterprises in depth to collect the original data. The grounded theory is applied to explore the structural dimension of organizational implants of manufacturing enterprises in the context of digital servitization. Open coding, axial coding, selective coding and theoretical saturation test are conducted on the interview data. Then 22 concepts, namely the initial category, 8 sub-categories and 2 main categories are obtained for the analysis of the dimension exploration results. On this basis, the scale for measuring organizational implants of manufacturing enterprises in the context of digital servitization is developed. Firstly, the initial scale of organizational implants with 17 items is established. Then, the data are collected through a small sample pre-survey, and the scale is purified and modified by item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and other methods successively. Finally, data are collected through a large sample questionnaire survey, and quantitative methods such as confirmatory factor analysis are used to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Finally, a 2-dimesion and 13-item measure scale of organizational implants with good reliability and validity is obtained.#br#The results show that organizational implants of manufacturing enterprises in the context of digital servitization consist of 2 dimensions: employee implants and device implants. Employee implants provide offline nanny or housekeeper services to customers face-to-face in the form of employees settling in the customer site. Its behavioral elements include interpersonal interaction, knowledge sharing, information exchange, and the relationship capital built therefrom. Device implants provide online and remote operation and maintenance services for customers in the form of smart components embedded into product equipment. Its behavioral elements include data collection, data analysis, data application and the resulting data resources. #br#Employee implants is measured by 7 items: there are active communications between on-site employees of manufacturing enterprises and employees of customer enterprises; the on-site employees of manufacturing enterprises have established good personal friendship with the employees of customer enterprises; employees of customer enterprises on site can actively answer business-related questions raised by on-site employees of manufacturing enterprises; the on-site employees of the manufacturing enterprises promote the work process by exchanging ideas with the employees of customer enterprises; the on-site employees of manufacturing enterprises can get the real view of the customer enterprises on the use of the current product equipment; the on-site employees of the manufacturing enterprises can know the detailed requirements of the customer enterprises for the future ideal products and services; the on-site employees of manufacturing enterprises can obtain industry market information collected by customer enterprises. #br#Device implants are measured by 6 items: manufacturing enterprises analyze the collected data to evaluate the health status of the products currently used by customer enterprise; manufacturing enterprises analyze the collected data to predict the possible failure of customer enterprises using the product; manufacturing enterprise analyze the collected data and prepare the spare parts that may need to be replaced for customers in advance; manufacturing enterprises explore the problems in product design by mining the accumulated big data of products; manufacturing enterprises verify customers' bad behavior in using products by the accumulated product big data; manufacturing enterprises tap into accumulated big data to predict potential new demands from customers.#br#The research conclusions can effectively reflect the contents of organizational implants of manufacturing enterprises in the context of digital servitization, bridge the gaps of the current research on the dimension and scale of organizational implants, provide a theoretical basis for subsequent quantitative research and a theoretical reference for the practice of manufacturing enterprises' digital servitization transformation.#br#
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Received: 28 November 2022
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