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| Technological Diversification, Inventor Network Embedding and Technological Innovation Efficiency of Civil-Military Integration Enterprises |
| Li Xiaoli,Chen Lei |
| (School of Management, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China) |
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Abstract As the main force to promote the further development of civil-military integration in China, the civil-military integration enterprises shoulder the dual responsibility of promoting the development of national defense and economic construction, and their technological innovation is also the key to promote the sustainable development of the national economy and the level of science and technology. However there are some problems, especially for the dual-use technology, it is difficult to transfer and re-develop, or due to the level of civil-military integration in each province, and the resources for technological innovation of civil-military integration enterprises in different regions may be restricted, leading to inefficient technological innovation. So what is the efficiency of technological innovation of China's civil-military integration enterprises, and what factors really affect the efficiency of technological innovation of these enterprises? It is crucial to clarify these questions in order to further improve the technological innovation quality of China's civil-military integration enterprises. #br#This paper uses a stochastic frontier model to measure the technological innovation efficiency of 107 civil-military integration enterprises in China from 2015-2020, and constructs indicators of technological diversification, structural holes and network density of intra-firm inventor cooperation networks based on the patent data of civil-military integration enterprises. By the social network analysis method and multiple linear regression, this paper empirically analyzes the effects of technological diversification, inventor network embedding and their interaction on the technological innovation efficiency of enterprises, and explores the effects of complementary relationship and the equilibrium relationship between structural holes and network density on the technological innovation efficiency of enterprises. #br#The results show that the average value of technological innovation efficiency of China's civil-military integration enterprises needs to be much improved.The technological innovation efficiency of state-owned civil-military integration enterprises is higher than that of private civil-military integration enterprises, while the technological innovation efficiency of civil-military integration enterprises in relatively mature and technology-intensive industries is higher than that of relatively capital-intensive industries. In terms of influencing factors, it is found that firstly technological diversification, structural holes and their interactions have positive effects on technological innovation efficiency of civil-military integration enterprises, which means that the implementation of the technology diversification strategy is conducive to the establishment of a diversified technological knowledge base in the civil-military integration enterprises, and the inventors occupying the structural holes can use the technological knowledge for innovation; secondly network density and its interaction with technological diversification have negative effects on technological innovation efficiency, so it can be seen that the good relationships between inventors may lead to the locking of technological information in the firm, and that inventors may not be willing to accept new network relationships in order to remain network loyal; thirdly the complementary relationships between network density and structural holes inhibit the improvement of technological innovation efficiency of civil-military integration enterprises, but the balance of their implementation within civil-military integration enterprises can promote technological innovation efficiency, so under the condition of limited resources, the civil-military integration enterprise should coordinate the relationship between network density and structural holes among inventors. #br#This paper expands the research samples and types of civil-military integration enterprises, and also enriches the measurement methods of their technological innovation efficiency. Then it reveals the mechanism of inventor cooperation network of the civil-military integration enterprises on the technological innovation efficiency of the enterprises. Moreover, this paper deeply explores the connection between technology diversification strategy and inventor cooperation network within civil-military integration enterprises, and constructs a model of the interaction between technology diversification and inventor cooperation network from two perspectives of strategic management and knowledge management. It is suggested that civil-military integration enterprises should implement open innovation models, and integrate military and civilian technology resources to adopt technology diversification strategies. And enterprises should also intervene in the distribution and communication of inventor networks to prevent the formation of technological path dependencies. Meanwhile excessive use of informal organizations should be prohibited to prevent information locking within the enterprises, and cooperation of inventors should be encouraged, but the network density and structural holes in inventor collaboration networks should be also balanced. Finally, enterprises also need to strengthen the investment of R&D personnel and motivate inventors to continuously improve their ability to recognize and absorb heterogeneous knowledge in order to enhance the integration of knowledge.#br#
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Received: 03 November 2021
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