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| Club Convergence Analysis of Incubator Operation Efficiency Based on Spatial Effect |
| Liu Zhen1,He Huifang2,3,Li Chuanju2 |
| (1.Torch High Technology Industry Development Center, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Beijing 100045，China;2.School of Business Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641，China;3.Entrepreneurship Incubation Promotion Center,Guangdong Institute of Science and Technical Information,Guangzhou 510033,China) |
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Abstract Science and technology business incubators play an important role in supporting the growth of start-ups and small and medium-sized enterprises and promoting regional economic development. However, with the rapid expansion of incubators, there will inevitably be problems such as idle resources and low utilization efficiency. Therefore, it is the key to promote the high-quality development of science and technology business incubators by improving the operation efficiency of science and technology business incubators and changing from resource-driven to efficiency-driven mode .#br#The regional distribution of innovation and entrepreneurship activities is not random but shows a certain regularity. For example, China has formed advantageous incubation clusters with obvious agglomeration characteristics, such as Beijing Zhongguancun and Wuhan East Lake high-tech Zone. On the one hand, the operation efficiency of incubators in advantageous areas continues to improve; on the other hand, the imbalance of China's regional development is increasingly prominent, and the position of regional economic convergence in macroeconomic regulation and control is becoming more and more important. So, how about the operation efficiency of science and technology business incubators in China? Are there differences in operational efficiency in different regions? The answers to the above questions are of great significance to promote the high-quality development of incubators in China.#br#However, few studies take spatial correlation into account in the research of the incubation performance of science and technology enterprises, ignoring the impact of location conditions and spatial interaction on the regional economy. Moreover most of the data used in the existing research are before 2017, which can not truly reflect the development status of business incubators in various provinces after the formulation of high-quality development strategies for innovation and entrepreneurship and the promulgation of the measures for the administration of science and technology business incubators.#br#Therefore this paper takes the 29 provincial national science and technology business incubators in mainland China provided by the Torch Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology from 2016 to 2019 as the research samples. It analyzes the super efficiency of science and technology business incubators in various provinces, compares the gap between the incubation operation performance of urban agglomerations, and uses the exploratory spatial analysis method to test the convergence of incubation efficiency between and within urban agglomerations.#br#The results show that on the whole, the average incubation operation efficiency of the whole group is greater than 1, and shows an overall upward trend. From the perspective of regional distribution, it presents a distribution pattern of "strong in the East and weak in the west". The overall Moran index of the operation efficiency of China's science and technology business incubators is positive, and most years have passed the significance test, indicating that the incubation activities show spatial correlation. Most provinces gather in the first quadrant and the third quadrant, and some regions show the characteristics of high low and low high aggregation, which shows that the regional incubation performance will be affected not only by its region but also by the spillover effect of incubation resources in other regions. The overall operation efficiency of China's science and technology business incubators shows a convergence trend, and the spatial spillover effect is not obvious. The grouping test shows that there is club convergence in the operation efficiency of science and technology business incubators in the H-H group and H-L group, and it is affected by the spatial spillover effect. The operation efficiency of science and technology business incubators in the L-L group shows a convergence trend, and the convergence characteristics of operational efficiency in L-H group are not obvious.#br#While maintaining their rapid development, it is suggested to further expand the scope of regional interaction and actively drive the rapid development of incubation industries in other regions for regions with efficiency convergence and spatial spillover effect. Regions with efficiency convergence but no significant spatial effect should make use of the spatial spillover effect brought by "learning by doing", demonstration effect, and competition effect to give full play to the advantages of regional cooperation. For regions that are at the "trough" of efficiency and do not form a convergence trend with the surrounding areas, science and technology business incubators should strive to improve the endogenous driving force of development, and improve their operational efficiency by hiring entrepreneurial mentors, carrying out training and actively applying for national incubators.#br#
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Received: 03 June 2021
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