|
|
|
| The Development of China's Emergency Science and Technology System from the Perspective of Complex Adaptation System Theory |
| Qian Hongwei1,2,Guo Jing1,Li Tiantian3 |
| （1.School of Emergency Management, Henan Polytechnic University；2.Emergency Science and Engineering Research Center, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China；3.Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China） |
|
|
|
|
Abstract In recent years, the world has entered a period of high incidence of emergencies such as floods, earthquakes and epidemics, posing serious threats to the safety of people's lives and property. The response to COVID-19 and other emergencies shows that the prevention and response to major emergencies cannot be achieved without the support of science and technology. Science and technology is regarded as a powerful force to promote social development, and also plays a strong supporting role in the development of emergency management system. But at present, China′s emergency science and technology industry is still in its infancy, and the lack of key technologies and equipment, incomplete product categories and other problems seriously affect the government's emergency management ability. Therefore, it is an important task for society and government departments to study the law in the development process of China′s emergency science and technology system, improve the development level of emergency industry, and minimize the harm caused by emergencies.#br#Therefore, this paper tries to study the development of China′s emergency scientific and technological system from the perspective of complex adaptive system theory. By analyzing the complex adaptability characteristics of China′s emergency science and technology system and reviewing its development history, the basic law of China′s emergency science and technology management is preliminarily explored, providing reference for the development of China′s emergency science and technology and the scientific and technological innovation of emergency enterprises.#br#Based on the complex characteristics of the emergency science and technology system, this paper analyzes the complex properties of the emergency science and technology system from the four main attributes of aggregation, nonlinear, diversity, element flow and the three architecture of identification, building blocks and internal model, and it shows that the emergency science and technology system in China has the characteristics of complex adaptive system. Based on the analysis of CAS theoretical characteristics and the policy identification development of the emergency response industry, the evolution process of China′s emergency response science and technology system is divided into three stages: infancy stage (2003-2007), steady development stage (2008-2017) and rapid growth stage (2018-) through the development analysis of Wuhan Guide Infrared Co.Ltd. to support the evolution of emergency science and technology system. According to the above analysis, it can be concluded that the emergency technology system is a complex system. In the process of the development and evolution of China′s emergency science and technology system, the development mode from traditional emergency response to intelligent emergency response has gradually been formed. #br#This paper analyzes how the science and technology emergency system interacts with the outside world, how the main bodies between different subjects interact, and how each subsystem of the science and technology emergency system forms a complex macro stimulus response model with the help of CAS theory, echo model and limited production model. It further discusses the mechanism of action of the emergency system of science and technology in China. Taking the response to COVID-19 as an example, this paper demonstrates that the emergency science and technology system follows three mechanisms in the context of major emergencies. Based on CAS theory analysis of emergency science and technology system, it is suggested to promote the research and development of core technologies for emergency response according to the scientific and technological needs of emergencies and strengthen the training of leading talents in emergency science and technology. It is also important to improve the transformation system of emergency scientific research achievements and solve the problem of information asymmetry in the process of transformation. By the construction of emergency science and technology industry demonstration park and information network, a long-term mechanism for the transformation of emergency scientific research achievements can be established and promoted to promote the optimization of the transformation mode of emergency scientific research achievements The improvement of the emergency scientific research achievement transformation system and the long-term mechanism will ultimately promote the development of the emergency industry.#br#
|
|
Received: 21 February 2022
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] MARKAKIS E K, LYKOURGIOTIS A, POLITIS I.EMYNOS: next generation emergency communication[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2017, 55(1)：139-145.[2] CHEN L W, CHUNG J J. Mobility-aware andcongestion-relieved dedicated path planning for group-based emergency guidingbased on internet of things technologies[J]. IEEE Transactionson Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2017, 18(9): 2453-2466.[3] LIN C H, HSIEH C, CHI C H. Hospital emergency management of emerging infectious disease using instant communication technology[J].Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, 2020, 35(4): 473-473.[4] ALSAMHI S H, ALMALKI F A, MA OU. Performance optimization of tethered balloontechnology for public safety and emergency communications[J]. Telecommunication Systems, 2019, 75(2): 235-244.[5] TIBERKAK A, LEMLOUMA T, BELKHIR A. A novelapproach for generic home emergency management and remote monitoring[J].Software: Practice and Experience, 2018,48(4): 761-774.[6] VIZVARI B, GOLABI M, NEDJATI A. Top-down approach to design the relief systemin a metropolitan city using UAV technology, part I:the first 48 h[J]. Natural Hazards, 2019, 99(1): 571-597.[7] ZALDIVAR-COLADO A, TRIPP-BARBA C, BRITO-ROJASJ A. Management of traffic lights for emergency services[J]. Tehnicki Vjesnik-Technical Gazette, 2017, 24(2); 643-648.[8] STEWART J, SPRIVULIS P, DWIVEDI G. Artificial intelligence and machine learning in emergency medicine[J]. Emergency medicine Australasia, 2018, 30(6): 870-874.[9] 游青山, 苟怡, 孙中光. 矿井安全监控备用电源系统发展现状及趋势[J]. 煤矿安全, 2017, 48(6): 223-225，229.[10] 陈建国, 赵秀娟, 范维澄. 中国公共安全科技发展及其在澳门的应用实践[J]. 科技导报,2019, 37(23): 17-24.[11] 张炜超, 郭安宁, 孙昱，等.现阶段我国地震应急技术框架分析及评价[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术, 2019, 15(11): 107-112.[12] 董炳艳, 张自强, 徐兰军，等. 智能应急救援装备研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 机械工程学报,2020, 56(11): 1-25.[13] 余海燕, 沈桂龙, 余嘉勉. 后疫情时代产业链发展的趋势与应急管理[J]. 党政研究, 2021，37(3): 121-128.[14] 马颖, 谢莹莹, 吴陈. 我国应急产业发展的技术支撑能力评价研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2018, 36(3): 464-473.[15] 张海玉,王新政,许如意.应急管理科技支撑能力体系构建及模糊综合评价研究[J].科技和产业,2020,20(10):121-126.[16] 何沙,胡尧,王林元，等.基于大数据技术的应急决策指挥体系构建——以中国国际石油合作突发事件为例[J].科技管理研究,2017,37(3):163-168.[17] 蒋勋, 张志祥, 朱晓峰, 等. 大数据驱动智库应急决策的情报架构[J]. 情报理论与实践,2019, 42(8): 25-32, 16.[18] 周剑,贾金岩,张震，等.面向应急保障的5G网联无人机关键技术[J].重庆邮电大学学报(自然科学版),2020,32(4):511-518.[19] 钟剑峰,王红军.基于5G和无人机智能组网的应急通信技术[J].电讯技术,2020,60(11):1290-1296.[20] 钱洪伟. 探索应急科技创新体系应对应急科技发展挑战[N]. 中国社会科学报, 2020-04-21(007).[21] 黄恒学. 创新和完善我国应急管理体系的若干思考[J]. 人民论坛, 2020，29(26): 67-69.[22] 高小平. 党的理论创新引领应急管理体系和能力现代化[J]. 公共管理与政策评论, 2021,10(3): 4-12.[23] 刘一弘, 高小平. 新中国70周年应急管理制度创新[J]. 甘肃行政学院学报, 2019(4): 4-13，124.[24] 钟书华.国家应急科技支撑体系框架构想[J].中国科技论坛,2004，20(5):33-36.[25] 范维澄,翁文国,张志.国家公共安全和应急管理科技支撑体系建设的思考和建议[J].中国应急管理,2008，2(4):22-25.[26] 黄明解,梁竞艳,陈汉梅,等.湖北省突发公共事件应急科技支撑体系建设研究[J].科技创业月刊,2008，22(1):12-14.[27] 程芳芳,纪家琪,王声湧,等.突发事件应急管理科技支撑体系的研究[J].河南理工大学学报(社会科学版),2011,12(1):58-62.[28] 陶倩,徐福缘.基于机制的复杂适应系统建模[J].计算机应用研究,2008，25(5):1396-1399.[29] 郭翔.应急产业科技支撑体系构成与功能设计研究[J].科技进步与对策,2014,31(13):45-49.[30] 惠娟,谭清美.重大突发公共卫生事件科技研发应急体系运行机制研究[J].科技进步与对策,2020,37(9):11-20. |
|
|
|
