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| Does Reverse Internationalization of Complex Product R&D Network Stimulate Enterprise Innovative Behavior |
| Wang Yu,Yang Naiding,Wang Yan,WangDu Fangmei |
| (School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072,China) |
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Abstract Complex product development is the core of major national strategic needs and the game of big countries. It is difficult to coordinate the technological R&D and manufacturing operation process in complex product manufacturing, resulting in the slow speed of complex product development in China. Even Chinese suppliers of complex products gradually have developed the ability of independent innovation by joining the technology R&D system led by developed countries, they are still locked at the bottom of the global value chain (GVC) dominated by developed countries. In the face of global economic changes, enterprises have to reduce their international business, return to supply chain procurement, and actively build or join domestic value chain and R&D system, which can be called reverse internationalization of R&D network. In the context of reverse internationalization, Chinese complex product suppliers seek to build their own brands through the domestic industrial chain and value chain, and strives to achieve a higher position in the value chain. Based on the analysis of reverse internationalization of R&D network, this paper reveals the influence and mechanism of reverse internationalization of R&D network of complex product suppliers on enterprise innovation behavior.#br#Empirical research methods are used to explore the relationship among reverse internationalization degree of domestic complex product R&D network, knowledge acquisition ability, exploratory innovation behavior and exploitative innovation behavior. Thus, this paper selects middle and senior managers and R&D project leaders of complex product development enterprises in China as the initial samples to analyze reverse internationalization degree of R&D network and enterprise innovation behavior. Finally, valid sample data of 182 complex product suppliers is obtained. The hypotheses are verified by defining variables and constructing the multiple linear regression model. In order to further verify the intermediary role of knowledge acquisition ability, the bias-corrected bootstrap method with 5 000 bootstrap samples is employed. #br#The results show that reverse internationalization degree of domestic complex product R&D network has a significant positive correlation with the innovation behavior of complex product suppliers, and reverse internationalization degree of domestic complex product R&D network can positively affect the knowledge acquisition of domestic firms. Furthermore, knowledge acquisition ability partly mediates the relationship between reverse internationalization degree and innovation behavior of complex product suppliers. The level of urban economic development and infrastructure construction will not only affect the motivation of enterprises to participate in the reverse internationalization of R&D network, but also the effectiveness of the reverse internationalization of R&D network on enterprise innovation behavior. Specifically, in the context of reverse internationalization, enterprises with higher policy support, traffic development and opening could have more explorative innovation behaviors, while enterprises with weak infrastructure and innovation environment could have more exploitative innovation behaviors. China's complex product suppliers join or build a R&D network dominated by domestic complex product manufacturers, which helps to break the locking effect in the R&D internationalization system and stimulate enterprises' deep-seated innovation behavior. It is an effective way to realize independent innovation.#br#Based on the reverse internationalization theory, knowledge acquisition and innovation behavior theory, and relevant research results from the existing research, this paper explores the relationship between enterprise reverse internationalization and innovation behavior from the perspective of R&D network, which enriches the research in the field of enterprise reverse internationalization and innovation behavior. Taking Chinese complex product suppliers as research samples, it explores the relationship between reverse internationalization of R&D network and innovation behavior, verifies the views of previous literature, and focuses on the reverse internationalization of the R&D network of Chinese complex product suppliers. The conclusion of this study supports previous literature research views and expands the research on the value chain upgrading path of complex product suppliers in developing countries. The research results of the article also expands the application situation of knowledge management theory by exploring the relationship between reverse internationalization of R&D network, knowledge acquisition ability and enterprise innovation behavior. Previous studies have emphasized that R&D internationalization can effectively improve enterprise knowledge acquisition ability and significantly promote enterprise innovation. The results of this research show that reverse internationalization of enterprise R&D network can also improve enterprise knowledge acquisition ability, further stimulate enterprise innovation behavior and then expand knowledge management theory. In the era of anti-globalization and post epidemic, the above research conclusions are of practical significance to improve the knowledge acquisition ability of China's complex product development enterprises, stimulate their innovation behavior and finally to promote the domestic large cycle in the field of complex products.#br#
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Received: 18 January 2021
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