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| Institutional Distance and Performance of Cross national Cooperative Innovation: Moderating Role of Cultural Tightness |
| Li Lin1,Guo Lihong2 |
| (1.School of Economic and Management, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China;2.School of Economic and Management, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China） |
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Abstract The differences between countries are the key factors affecting cross-national cooperative innovation, however, there are few research referring to the influence of national institutional and cultural differences.This paper attempts to discuss the influence of differences between countries on cross-national cooperative innovation from the perspective of national institution and culture.Based on distinguished formal institutional distance from informal institutional distance, by using data on joint patent invention among 17 countries from 2005 to 2019, the effect of the two kinds of institutional distance on cross-national cooperative innovation performance is empirically analyzed, and the moderating role of cultural tightness in the influence process is further examined.The results show that the formal institutional distance and the informal institutional distance both have a significant negative impact on cross-national cooperative innovation performance, and the culture tightness reduces the effect of informal institutional distance, on the contrary, heightens the effect of the two dimensions of informal institutional distance including individualism/collectivism and long-term orientation/short-term orientation.Nevertheless, the moderating role of cultural tightness on the effect of the other dimensions and the overall informal institutional distance is not significant.The results not only reveal the influence mechanism of institutional distance on cross-national cooperative innovation performance in different cultural environments, but also provide theoretical guidance and reference for countries to formulate cross-national cooperative innovation strategies and for China to address the challenges of scientific and technological cooperation between China and the United States.
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Received: 28 August 2020
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