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Abstract Organizational character is becoming a source of differentiation competitive advantage in new economic environment. The study is designed based on cognitive psychology. Some descriptive words for organizational character are gained by a questionnaire survey of employees. Five dimensions of organizational character in Chinese contexts are extracted by coding through qualitative analysis. And then, the differences in representation of different type organizations and in cognition of different kind employees are analyzed by the method of independent sample test. The results show that: the organizational character includes five dimensions, that is, innovation, agreeableness, openness, responsibility, and development; these dimensions can be concluded into three clusters, that is, emotion, thought and target, and thereby constitute a complete system, which is called as "Five Organizational Character" theoretical framework; there are significant differences in representation and cognition, and this indicates that the organizational character is endogenous as well as exogenous, and it is scientific that we explain it from perspectives both of personality psychology and cognitive psychology. Organizational character's dimensions and their differences in representation and cognition also give us many other important management implications for better character cultivation of Chinese enterprises.
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