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| Which Is More Conducive to Technology Convergence, Cooperative Innovation or Technology Transaction? An Example of AI Multi-layer Patent Network |
| Liu Xiaoyan,Pang Yaru,Shan Xiaohong,Sun Lina |
| (College of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China) |
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Abstract With the change of the global market competition pattern in the post-epidemic era and the development of technology,the importance of R&D is increasingly prominent, and technological innovation has become essential for enterprise survival and development. Since most small and medium-sized enterprises have low innovation capabilities,traditional innovation models can not meet the needs of enterprises for technological innovation. Therefore,it has become the focus of innovation research to find a more efficient innovation model.#br#Technology convergence can significantly improve the enterprise innovation capabilities and profoundly affect the competitiveness of enterprises and countries. However, in practice, enterprises have a series of problems in choosing convergence partners. The fundamental reason for the dilemma of technology convergence is that neither the actual process of technology convergence nor the convergence mechanism is clear, and thus it is very important to study the mechanism of technology convergence. Inter-organizational collaborative innovation is an important channel to promote technology convergence, and collaborative innovation models include cooperative R&D, technology transactions, technology mergers and acquisitions, etc. Different innovation models have different advantages and disadvantages and exert various influences on technology convergence.In-depth study of the influencing factors of technology convergence under different innovation models can further clarify the mechanism of technology convergence and provide a basis for enterprises to choose innovation partners. In terms of innovation model selection, cooperative R&D risk sharing and technology transaction risk have entry thresholds, and these two innovation models can help enterprises quickly obtain the heterogeneous knowledge resources required for innovation. In terms of factor selection, technology convergence comes from the transfer and convergence of heterogeneous resources, and the heterogeneity of partners has a self-evident role in promoting technology convergence. Technology heterogeneity and innovation capability heterogeneity cover the two dimensions of their own existing technologies and future development potential, and they can more accurately portray the differences between organizations.#br#Therefore,this paper selects technology heterogeneity and innovation capability heterogeneity to explore the impact of partner factors on technology convergence in the mode of cooperation and transaction innovation, in the hope of helping organizations screen potential cooperation or transaction partners. In terms of data sources and methods, like the developed countries that have incorporated artificial intelligence into their national development strategies, China also attaches great importance to the development of a new generation of artificial intelligence, and proposed that by 2030, China's artificial intelligence theory, technology and application should reach the world's leading level and become the world's major artificial intelligence innovation center. Moreover, the artificial intelligence industry is gradually embedded in various industries, such as manufacturing and medical care, and becomes a representative industry of cross-border technology convergence. The social selection models (SSMs) combine exogenous node attributes with network self-organization processes with consideration of individual preference and collective choice to explain the formation process of network, and statistically analyze the social network structure by describing the local topology statistics of the network, and quantify the process and influencing factors of relationship formation. Therefore, this paper uses the patent information of the artificial intelligence industry as the sample data and the IncoPat global patent database as the data source to construct the SSMs multi-layer network dependency model under the cooperative R&D and technology transaction model, and studies the impact of different innovation models and partner factors on technology convergence.#br#The results show that under the cooperative R&D model, heterogeneity in the technology field and heterogeneity in innovation capability positively promote technology convergence. Under the technology transaction model, the heterogeneity of innovation capability positively promotes technology convergence, and the heterogeneity of technology field negatively affects technology convergence.The following enlightenment is given accordingly for the selection of partners in different innovation models. First, when enterprises adopt the cooperative innovation model, the selection of cross-field partners is conducive to the occurrence of breakthrough innovation; when adopting a technology transaction model, enterprises can select partners in the field for patent transactions to improve innovation performance. Second, when selecting partners or business partners, enterprises should not only pay attention to the innovation capabilities of the other party, but also consider the demand-ability fit between enterprises themselves and the partners.#br#
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Received: 13 May 2022
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