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| Symbiotic Relationship in the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: Research Evolution and Future Prospect |
| Wang Ling1,Peng Zhengyin1,Peng Xiuqing2 |
| (1.School of Business, Tianjin University of Finance and Economics, Tianjin 300222, China;2.School of Economicsand Management, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China) |
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Abstract Symbiosis is the core feature of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The formation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem is marked by the establishment of a symbiotic relationship among multiple actors. The symbiotic relationship is the key force to promote the sustainable development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem and plays an important role in supporting the coordinated development of multiple actors in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The core goal of the entrepreneurial ecosystem is to develop innovative and relevant entrepreneurial opportunity sets in a coordinated manner to achieve future growth, rather than focusing on the cutting of existing values and the encroachment of interests. It is of great significance for the development of entrepreneurship theory and practical progress to fully grasp the origin and future of symbiotic relationship in the entrepreneurial ecosystem.#br#Most scholars focus on the result-oriented value symbiotic relationship research, and rarely analyze the process-oriented opportunity symbiotic relationship at this stage. However, the evolution from value symbiosis to opportunity symbiosis has become the future research trend of symbiosis in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, by contrast there is a lack of systematic analysis of the concept evolution and development trend of the research field. Therefore, this paper focuses on the symbiotic relationship research inentrepreneurial ecosystem and takes 19 academic literatures retrieved and screened from EBSCO(Business Source Complete), Web of Science, ProQuest, CNKI and other databases as research samples. First, it systematically combs the theoretical connotation, research evolution and development context of symbiotic relationship in entrepreneurial ecosystem.Secondly, through comparative analysis of the theoretical basis, it clarifies the symbiotic orientation and logic, symbiotic mode and symbiotic goal of the value symbiotic relationship and opportunity symbiotic relationship;Thirdly, the study explores the research status and gaps of value symbiosis and opportunity symbiosis. It is found that the research and development context of symbiotic relationship in the entrepreneurial ecosystem mainly includes three stages: interdisciplinary germination and rebirth, results-oriented diversified growth and process-oriented evolution and development. The existing research mainly focuses on the result-oriented value symbiosis relationship, and discusses the influencing factors of value symbiosis relationship at different levels, the formation and evolution mechanism of value symbiosis relationship from different perspectives, and the effect of value symbiosis relationship on single and multiple actors. However, the research on process-oriented opportunity symbiosis is still in its infancy. There are still the following research gaps. (1) The research on the formation law of opportunity symbiosis relationship in the entrepreneurial ecosystem is insufficient, and it is urgent to refine the driving factors and paths of opportunity symbiosis relationship,and explain the formation mechanism of opportunity symbiosis relationship based on the creation process of opportunity set. (2) The evolution mechanism of opportunity symbiosis based on the dynamic perspective is rarely studied. Future research is necessary to deeply reveal the evolution process of opportunity symbiosis based on the expansion of opportunity set and the transformation mechanism between different types of opportunity symbiosis. (3) The research on the impact of opportunity symbiosis on the entrepreneurial ecosystem and the survival and growth of its internal multi-agent is scarce. It is urgent to explore the mechanism of opportunity symbiosis on the overall entrepreneurial ecosystem and the entrepreneurial output of each participant in the future; (4) There is a lack of research on the relationship between value symbiosis and opportunity symbiosis. Scholars need to explore the interaction and dynamic matching between result-oriented value symbiosis and process-oriented opportunity symbiosis. The above research gaps provide an important theoretical basis for future research on symbiotic relationship in the entrepreneurial ecosystem.#br#The future research direction of symbiotic relationship in entrepreneurial ecosystem is proposed, i.e., the multi-level driving factors and paths of opportunity symbiotic relationship, the formation and dynamic evolution of opportunity symbiosis based on opportunity set development, and the effect of different types of opportunity symbiosis as well as the integration of opportunity symbiosis and value symbiosis from the perspective of integration. The research helps to deepen the understanding of the motivation and effect of the interaction among multiple actors in the entrepreneurial ecosystem and enriches the new ideas for future research on symbiotic relationship in the entrepreneurial ecosystem.#br#
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Received: 25 August 2022
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