|
|
The Policy Effectiveness of China's Integrated Circuit Industry Considering the Development of Key and Core Technologies |
Guo Benhai,Wang Penghui,Cui Wenhai,Yang Yuxiang |
(School of Economics and Management, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China) |
|
|
Abstract Since some key and core technologies are controlled by other developed countries, China's policies on the integrated circuit industry should be implemented accurately to provide a strong guarantee for the development of the key technologies. By identifying the key andcore technologies of the integrated circuit industry, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of existing industrial policies from the perspective of the development level of key and core technologies, and find out policy bottlenecks restricting the development of key and core technologies to provide a reference for policy optimization and adjustment.#br#A method for identifying key and core technologies of the industry that integrates the industrial chain, technology chain, and patent data is proposed. From the multiple dimensions such as its criticality and the degree of technology monopoly, 13 key and core technologies of the integrated circuit industry are identified including large silicon wafer preparation and lithography process and so on. A further search of the relevant patent data of key and core technologies from 2000 to 2020 is made, and the authorized patents are selected from the five offices of World Intellectual Property Rights with 69 497 high-quality patents obtained by simple integration of the same family. Then the evaluation index system of the key and coretechnological development level is constructed from technology developmental support level and technology developmental mastery level, and the technology developmental level is evaluated. The results show that with the support of national policies and R&D funds, the development level of the key and core technologies has been improved to a certain extent after years of development, but the gap between the key and core technologies in foreign countries is obvious. The overall level of technological development is relatively low, and the development of a large number of industrial technologies is still not optimistic.#br#Taking integrated circuit, chips, and the words related to the key and core technologies as the keywords, this study obtains a total of 70 national policies of the integrated circuit industry as the research objects. After coding, a total of 165 policy text units are obtained and divided into five classes that mean tax measures, planning measures, regulation and certification measures, financial support measures and technological support measures. Further on the basis of the 13 key and core technologies, these policy units are decomposed in accordance with the "technology - policy measures" two-dimensional structure. Combined with the results of policy decomposition and existing research, an evaluation index system of industrial policy measures is constructed.#br#In the integrated circuit industry policy system, policy measureslike tax measures, planning measures,etc. can be regarded as policy subsystems. Each subsystem generates an amplification effect through the mutual influence and matching of elements, thereby providing stronger policy impetus for the development of key and core technologies. This coordination relationship can be measured by the coupling coordination degree model. Furthermore, the development level of the key and core technologies is taken as the explained variable; various policy measures and their coordination degree are taken as the explanatory variable. The influence of various policy measures and their coordination degree on the development level of key and core technologies is analyzed by using multiple regression models.#br#The results show that tax measures, planning measures, and regulatory certification measures have a positive impact on the development of the key and core technologies, and planning guidance measures have a particularly significant impact. There are directional differences in the impact of coordination among measures of the IC industry on the development of the key and core technologies. Coordination among tax measures, planning measures, regulatory certification measures and technical support measures has significant negative impacts on the development of the key and core technologies, but the coordination among tax measures, planning measures, regulatory certification measures and financial support measures has a significant positive impact on the development of the key and core technologies. The coordination between existing financial support measures, technical support measures, and other measures is not conducive to the improvement of the development level of the key and core technologies. In addition, the coordination between tax measures, financial support measures, and regulatory certification measures also has adverse effects on the improvement of the level of the key and core technologies.Therefore policies should encourage to increase in R&D investment intensity, update regulatory certification measures timely and strengthen supervision of other measures, and provide stronger policy guarantees for the development of key and coretechnologies.#br#
|
Received: 31 May 2022
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 汤志伟,李昱璇,张龙鹏.中美贸易摩擦背景下“卡脖子”技术识别方法与突破路径——以电子信息产业为例[J].科技进步与对策,2021,38(1):1-9. [2] 陈劲,阳镇,朱子钦.“十四五”时期“卡脖子”技术的破解:识别框架、战略转向与突破路径[J].改革,2020,36(12):5-15. [3] 陈峰.论国家关键核心技术竞争情报[J].情报杂志,2019,38(11):1-5. [4] 胡旭博,原长弘.关键核心技术:概念、特征与突破因素[J].科学学研究,2022,40(1):4-11. [5] ZHANG Y,QIAN Y, HUANG Y,et al.An entropy-based indicator system for measuring the potential of patents in technological innovation: rejecting moderation[J].Scientometrics,2017,111(3): 1925-1946. [6] WANG C,GENG H J,SUN R,et al.Technological potential analysis and vacant technology forecasting in the graphene field based on the patent data mining[J]. Resources Policy, 2022, 77:102636. [7] JIA W F,XIE Y P,ZHAO Y N,et al.Research on disruptive technology recognition of China's electronic information and communication industry based on patent influence[J]. Journal of Global Information Management (JGIM),2021,29(2):148-165. [8] CHOI H, WOO J R. Investigating emerging hydrogen technology topics and comparing national level technological focus:patent analysis using a structural topic model[J].Applied Energy,2022,39:1300-1307. [9] MANUEL M S, MEDO M, LAFOND F,et al. Early identification of important patents: design and validation of citation network metrics[J]. Technological Forecasting & Social Change,2019,146: 644-654. [10] HUMMON N P, DEREIAN H P. Connectivity in a citation network:the development of DNA theory[J].Social Networks,1989,11(1):39-63. [11] 孙冰,徐晓菲,苏晓.技术扩散主路径及核心企业的识别研究——以手机芯片专利引文网络为例[J].情报学报,2019,38(2):201-208. [12] YU D J, PAN T X. Identifying technological development trajectories in blockchain domain: a patent citation network analysis[J]. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 2021, 33(12) : 1484-1497. [13] WANG L L, JIANG S, ZHANG S Y. Mapping technological trajectories and exploring knowledge sources: a case study of 3D printing technologies[J]. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 2020, 161:120251. [14] 张树满,原长弘.制造业领军企业如何培育关键核心技术持续创新能力[J].科研管理,2022,43(4):103-110. [15] 彭纪生,仲为国,孙文祥.政策测量、政策协同演变与经济绩效:基于创新政策的实证研究[J].管理世界,2008,24(9):25-36. [16] YIN T, PROPRIS LISA DE,JABBOUR LIZA, et al. Assessing the effects of policies on China’s outward foreign direct investment[J]. International Business Review, 2021, 30(5):101818. [17] CHE X J, ZHOU P, CHAI K H,et al. Regional policy effect on photovoltaic (PV) technology innovation: findings from 260 cities in China[J]. Energy Policy,2022,162:112807. [18] YANG T, XING C,LI X Y,et al. Evaluation and analysis of new-energy vehicle industry policies in the context of technical innovation in China[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2020,281(4):125-126. [19] 戚湧,张锋.基于内容分析的战略性新兴产业政策评价研究[J].科技进步与对策,2020,37(17):118-125. [20] DONG C G,ZHOU R M,LI J Y,et al. Rushing for subsidies: the impact of feed-in tariffs on solar photovoltaic capacity development in China[J]. Applied Energy, 2021, 281: 116007. [21] 陈玥卓.税收优惠影响企业创新产出的多元机制研究——来自中国软件与集成电路产业的证据[J].科技进步与对策,2020,37(18):123-132. [22] 郭本海,陆文茜,王涵,等.基于关键技术链的新能源汽车产业政策分解及政策效力测度[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2019,29(8):76-86. [23] JOSHI B V, VIPIN B, RAMKUMAR JANAKARAJAN, et al. Impact of policy instruments on lead-acid battery recycling: a system dynamics approach[J]. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 2021, 169:105528. [24] CHANG S H. Patent analysis of the critical technology network of semiconductor optical amplifiers[J]. Applied Sciences, 2020, 10(4):1-11. [25] ZHMUD V, LIAPIDEVSKIY A, AVRMACHUK V,et al. Critical technologies in the cluster of virtual and augmented reality[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021, 1019 : 012065. [26] 张治河,苗欣苑.“卡脖子”关键核心技术的甄选机制研究[J].陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2020,49(6):5-15. [27] 张慧明,赫连志巍,孟庆洪,等.转型导向的制造企业技术能力评价[J].中国科技论坛,2021,37(7):125-136. [28] 李文静,彭红星.中国上市公司技术创新投入的境况与思考——兼论企业创新主体地位提升[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2022,39(6):100-119. [29] 刘际陆,张诚.中国半导体产业技术创新效率研究——基于三阶段DEA和Tobit模型[J].技术经济与管理研究,2021,42(10):14-19. [30] 范旭,黄业展.企业研发管理对R&D投入与企业绩效关系的调节效应——对广东省科技型中小微企业的分析[J].科技进步与对策,2018,35(9):66-73. [31] LAN F, WANG W, CAO Q Z, Aet al. Tax cuts and enterprises' R&D intensity: evidence from a natural experiment in China[J].Economic Modelling,2020,89:304-314. [32] 喻登科,黄悦悦.中国省域高质量发展水平评价[J].创新科技,2022,22(4):21-30. [33] 叶京,冷伏海.韩国技术水平评估方法分析及启示[J].科技管理研究,2021,41(6):55-62. [34] ACOSTA M, CORONADO D, FERNDIZ E, et al. Effects of knowledge spillovers between competitors on patent quality: what patent citations reveal about a global duopoly[J]. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2021,47: 1451-1487. [35] TIMO F, JAN L. Testing patent value indicators on directly observed patent value:an empirical analysis of Ocean Tomo patent auctions[J]. Research Policy, 2014, 43(3) : 519-529. [36] HIGHAM K, RASSENFOSSEB G, JAFFE ADAM B, et al. Patent quality: towards a systematic framework for analysis and measurement[J]. Research Policy, 2021, 50(4):104215. [37] WU Y W, JI Y J, GU F, et al. A collaborative evaluation method of the quality of patent scientific and technological resources[J]. World Patent Information, 2021, 67:102074. [38] 何源,乐为,郭本海.“政策领域-时间维度”双重视角下新能源汽车产业政策央地协同研究[J].中国管理科学,2021,29(5):117-128.
|
|
|
|