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| The Operation Efficiency Evaluation and Innovation Spillover of Makerspaces in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River |
| Wang Junhua,Zhang Xinyi |
| (Hubei University Business School, Wuhan 430062, China) |
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Abstract With the nationwide initiative of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation", the number of makerspaces across China has shown explosive growth in recent years. As an emerging carrier of innovation and entrepreneurship, makerspaces play an important role in cultivating technologically innovative enterprises, stabilizing social employment and promoting economic transformation. However,most of them fail to make full use of their existing resources for efficient operation, and the misallocation of input resources between regions leads to waste of innovation resources. Therefore, this study focuses on the efficient use and regional flow of innovation resources, that is, it aims to explore the methods to improve the efficiency of makerspaces and promote the coordinated development of makerspaces in various places.#br#Existing studies have shown that there is a phenomenon of regional imbalance in the operation efficiency of national makerspaces, but there is a lack of in-depth research on makerspaces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and related explorations on regional makerspaces innovation spillovers. To this end, this paper takes the nationally registered makerspaces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object, and uses the data envelopment analysis method and projection analysis method to analyze the input-output efficiency of nationally filed makerspaces innovation resources. The Moran index and the panel spatial Dubin model are used to explore the feasibility of the flow of innovation resources between regions and the specific realization path of the coordinated development of the makerspaces.#br#It is found that in recent years, the operating efficiency of the nationally registered makerspaces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has not been high most of the time, and the state-registered makerspaces mainly rely on government financial support;there are varying degrees of insufficient output of the total amount of investment obtained in that year, the number of effective intellectual property rights, and the total income of the incubating enterprises; there are spatial correlations in the development level of the nationally registered makerspaces in each province in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the investment of entrepreneurial mentors and the turnover of the technology market have a significant positive impact on the development level of makerspaces in surrounding provinces and cities, the number of universities and scientific research institutions and the regional GDP have a significant negative impact on the development level of makerspaces in surrounding provinces and cities.#br#This paper integrates the basic concepts of makerspaces, operational efficiency evaluation theory, innovation spillover theory and other research results, takes makerspaces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object, and enriches the research on innovation and entrepreneurship activities in two national-level urban agglomerations which are urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Delta and urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River). Different from the previous literature, this paper innovatively extends and analyzes the innovation spillover of makerspaces in adjacent areas on the basis of the evaluation of the operation efficiency of makerspaces, which enriches the empirical research on makerspaces. In addition, it also provides reference for further study on how to improve the efficiency of innovation and entrepreneurship resource allocation and the development level of maker space in various regions, and promote regional coordinated development.#br#It is suggested that future research can focus on municipal data to obtain more detailed research results. With the change of external macro market environment in the future, new elements of innovation and entrepreneurship resources may appear. Therefore, future research needs to reconstruct the index system to evaluate the operation efficiency of nationally registered makerspaces. In addition, with the continuous development of makerspaces, scholars can acquire more historical development data, so as to fully study the change trend of the spatial pattern of maker space, and provide more data support for the panel space measurement model.#br#
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Received: 08 November 2021
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