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| The Configuration Effect of Antecedents of Academic Entrepreneurs' Role Synergy |
| Xiong Wenming1,Yu Weixin2,Sha Yong1 |
| (1. School of Sociology and Population Studies , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications，Nanjing 210023，China;2. School of Management, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003，China) |
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Abstract Academic entrepreneurship connects scientific knowledge creation and scientific value realization through the entrepreneurial activities of academic entrepreneurs, effectively shortening the time of transformation from new knowledge to new products, and it has become one of the important ways to lead the development of new industrial forms and new economy. Therefore it attracts wide attention from the theoretical and practical circles. An academic entrepreneur is both a scientist and an entrepreneur, which means that he/she strides across the academic and the commercial field. Withthe dual embedding of academic and business fields, academic entrepreneurs face the role conflicts caused by the dual standards of subjective norms, behavior patterns, ability demands and result evaluation in the two fields, which is not conducive to the sustainability of academic entrepreneurship and the improvement of enterprise growth performance. Thus, scientists engaged in the field of business need to achieve balance and stability in the interaction between the role of entrepreneur and scientist, so as to complete role synergy. Academic entrepreneur’s role synergy has become a key force for scientists to generate sustained entrepreneurial commitment and promote the development of academic entrepreneurial enterprises. As the balance between self-concept and behavioral meaning, academic entrepreneur's role synergy is a complex result of multiple factors. Existing researches on the role synergy of academic entrepreneurs mainly focus on the net effect analysis of the independent effect of a single factor, ignoring the existence of multiple concurrent conditions.#br#On the basis ofthe existing literature analysis and in-depth interviews with six academic entrepreneurs, this paper extracts the driving factors of academic entrepreneur's role synergy. Then, 37 academic entrepreneurs are selected as sample cases, fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (FsQCA) is used to explore the asymmetric causal relationship and the impact of multiple levels of conditions on academic entrepreneurs' role synergy.#br#The results show that cognitive flexibility is a necessary condition for role synergy,and there are three configurations that bring role synergy, with each configuration containing a meaningful combination of different conditions. Factors involved in different configuration play both synergistic and substitution impact. When cognitive flexibility and government support are strong, as long as family support is strong, or entrepreneurial teams with heterogeneity are established, or institutions of universities are relatively perfect, high academic entrepreneurs' role synergy can be achieved. Meanwhile, there are two inhibitory mechanisms for the non-high role synergy of academic entrepreneurs. #br#This paper reveals the configuration relationship among factors of academic entrepreneurs' role synergy. It has some theoretical contributions. Firstly, existing studies focus on the driving factors of academic entrepreneurship, that is, the analysis of "why scholars choose academic entrepreneurship". On this basis, this paper extends it to analyze what factors drive scholars to construct academic entrepreneurs' role synergy after they establish academic entrepreneurial intention. The research results are of certain value for understanding different role states of academic entrepreneurs. Secondly, there are few empirical studies on the role management of academic entrepreneurs, and most of them adopt the method of linear regression for test, failing to pay attention to the complex causality between variables, and failing to reveal the complex process of role synergy under the influence of multiple factors. This paper uses the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method ,which is helpful to improve the explanation of the academic entrepreneur role synergy phenomenon. The research findings also have instructive significance in practice. First of all, in the context of Chinese system, government support for typical externalities and guiding characteristics can increase the visibility of academic entrepreneurs. Therefore, governments at all levels should refine academic entrepreneurship policies at the national level based on the characteristics of local industrial development. Secondly, the universities should also change their concepts, formulate feasible detailed supporting measures, and deal with the "last kilometer" problem of policies. Finally, scientists themselves should recognize the significance of academic entrepreneurship for the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy, consciously switch their attention and cultivate their own cognitive flexibility to make breakthroughs.#br#
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Received: 12 October 2021
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