|
|
|
| The Influence of Basic Research on Enterprises' Innovation Performance:A Research Based on Chinese Bio-Pharmaceutical Enterprises |
| Liu Yan,Su Kemeng,Gao Yanhui |
| (School of Management, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048,China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Basic research plays a key role in scientific and technological innovation and economic development. A series of policies has been introduced in China in recent years, emphasizing the importance of basic research. However, the output of basic research shows obvious positive externalities, resulting in insufficient investment in basic research by profit-making enterprises, especially as a developing country, Chinese enterprises have limited investment in basic research.. So although the quantity of innovation output of China is in the forefront of the world, it shows great disadvantage in innovation quality and intellectual property import and export, and also some key technologies of the industry are not controlled by Chinese enterprises. Then it is difficult for China to remain invincible in the new round of global scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. The existing studies argue that there is a positive relationship between basic research and technological innovation, but the mechanisms of how technological innovation benefits from basic research have not yet been revealed. Therefore, this paper mainly explores whether the basic research of Chinese enterprises really promotes its technological innovation performance, and if there are more factors affecting the relationship between basic research and technological innovation.#br#Based on knowledge theory, this paper analyzes the relationship between basic research and technological innovation performance of Chinese bio-pharmaceutical enterprises. Firstly, this paper explores the influence of the breadth and depth of enterprises’ basic research on technological innovation performance. Secondly, it analyzes the mediating effects of bridging scientists on the relationship between basic research and technological innovation performance. Finally, it investigates the moderating role of technological knowledge integrating capability. This paper takes 80 enterprises out of the ‘top 100 enterprises in China's bio-pharmaceutical industry’ for many consecutive years during 2009 to 2019 as the research sample. The basic research data is collected from the web of science database, and the technological innovation data come from the invention patent from the State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO) database. The multiple linear regression model is constructed to verify the hypothesis. #br#The results show that the breadth of enterprise basic research is positive with improving technological innovation performance, while the depth of enterprise basic research has inverse U-shape influence on technological innovation performance. Meanwhile, the enterprises’ bridging scientists play a partial mediating role between the breadth and depth of basic research and the technological innovation performance. In addition, this paper also finds that the technological integration capability has a positively moderating effect on the relationship between the breadth of basic research and technological innovation performance, which means that the technological integration capability strengthens the positive effect of breadth of basic research on technological innovation performance. And there is a negative moderating effect of the technological integration capability on the relationship between depth of basic research and innovation performance, which shows that the technological knowledge integration capability weakens the inverted U shape relationship between the depth of basic research and innovation performance. #br# This research results have instructive significance for the basic research and technological innovation activities of enterprises in practice. First of all, the empirical results of the article show that enterprises need to expand the field of basic research, and pay attention to the accumulation of basic research knowledge. However, improving the depth of basic research blindly can not have a positive impact on the technological innovation performance, it is important for enterprises to maintain a appropriate lever of depth of basic research. Secondly, enterprises should pay more attention to the training of bridging scientists, so as to strengthen the ability of enterprises to transform the knowledge of basic research into technological innovation capability. Finally, when the enterprise has high technological knowledge integration capability, it should expand the breadth of basic research. In addition, when enterprises have a high level of depth in basic research, it is beneficial for enterprises to maintain a low level of technological knowledge integration capability.#br#
|
|
Received: 01 July 2021
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] 高锡荣,刘思念.企业基础研究行为驱动因素的分层结构及其作用图谱变异[J].科技进步与对策,2019,36(20):21-29.[2] 徐晓丹,柳卸林.大企业为什么要重视基础研究 [J].科学学与科学技术管理,2020,41(9):3-19.[3] 张龙鹏，钟易霖.基础研究发展对技术创新的影响:基于最优研发结构视角[J].科技进步与对策，2021，38（17）：19-25.[4] LIN J Y,YANG C H.Heterogeneity in industry-university R&D collaboration and firm innovative performance[J].Scientometrics,2020,124(1):1-25.[5] ZHANG G Y,ZHAO S K,XIY J,et al.Relating science and technology resources integration and polarization effect to innovation ability in emerging economies:an empirical study of Chinese enterprises[J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2018，135:188-198.[6] MANSFIELD E.Academic research and industrial innovation[J].Research Policy,1991,20(1):1-12.[7] MEYER-KRAHMER F,SCHMOCH U.Science-based technologies:university-industry interactions in four fields[J].Research Policy,1998,27(8):835-851.[8] DEBACKERE K,DE VEUGELERS R.The role of academic technology transfer organizations in improving industry science links[J].Research Policy,2005,34(3):321-342.[9] BIKARD M,MARX M.Bridging academia and industry:how geographic hubs connect university science and corporate technology[J].Management Science,2020,66(8):3425-3443. [10] JUNG E Y,LIU X L.The different effects of basic research in enterprises on economic growth:income-level quantile analysis[J].Science and Public Policy,2019,46(4):570-588.[11] XU H Y,WINNINK J,YUE Z H,et al.Topic-linked innovation paths in science and technology[J].Journal of Informetrics,2020,14(2):101014.[12] STOKES D E.Pasteur's quadrant[J].Brookings Institutio, 1997, 17(4):734-736.[13] BUSH V.Science:the endless frontier[J].Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science ,1945,48(3):231-264.[14] TIJSSEN R J W.Anatomy of use-inspired researchers:from Pasteur's quadrant to Pasteur's cube model[J].Research Policy,2018,47(9):1626-1638.[15] PAVITT K.Public policies to support basic research:what can the rest of the world learn from US theory and practice(and what they should not learn)[J].Industrial and Corporate Change,2001,10(3):761-779.[16] TOOLE A A.The impact of public basic research on industrial innovation:evidence from the pharmaceutical industry[J].Research Policy,2012,41(1):1-12.[17] 柳卸林,何郁冰.基础研究是中国产业核心技术创新的源泉[J].中国软科学,2011,26(4):104-117.[18] 蔡勇峰,李显君,孟东晖.基础研究对技术创新的作用机理:来自动力电池的实证[J].科研管理,2019,40(6):65-76.[19] 严成樑,龚六堂.R&D规模、R&D结构与经济增长[J].南开经济研究,2013,29(2):3-19.[20] PRETTNER K,WERNER K.Why it pays off to pay us well:the impact of basic research on economic growth and welfare[J].Research Policy,2016,45(5):1075-1090.[21] YANG W.Policy:boost basic research in China[J].Nature,2016,534(7608):467-469.[22] XIA Q H,CAO Q W,TAN M Q.Basic research intensity and diversified performance:the moderating role of government support intensity[J].Scientometrics,2020,125(1):577-605.[23] 胡善成,靳来群,刘慧宏.基础知识及其转化对经济增长的影响研究[J].科学学研究,2019,37(10):1805-1815.[24] 曾德明,赵文静,文金艳.外部科学知识获取与企业技术创新:桥接科学家的调节作用[J].中国科技论坛,2020,36(5):109-117.[25] BALCONI M,BRUSONI S,ORSENIGO L.In defence of the linear model:an essay[J].Research Policy,2010,39(1):1-13.[26] SUBRAMANIAN A M,LIM K,SOH P H.When birds of a feather don't flock together:different scientists and the roles they play in biotech R&D alliances[J].Research Policy,2013,42(3):595-612.[27] KIM N,KIM E,LEE J.Innovating by eliminating:technological resource divestiture and firms' innovation performance[J].Journal of Business Research,2021,123:176-187.[28] 裴云龙.产学科学知识转移对企业技术创新绩效的影响效应研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2017.[29] GAZNI A,GHASEMINIK Z.The increasing dominance of science in the economy:which nations are successful [J].Scientometrics,2019,120(3):1411-1426.[30] CHENG C C J,YANG C,SHEU C.Effects of open innovation and knowledge-based dynamic capabilities on radical innovation:an empirical study[J].Journal of Engineering and Technology Management,2016，41:79-91.[31] WANG H L, ZENG D M, WANG Z W.Impact of knowledge reorganization on technological innovation performance in environmental enterprises [J].Journal of environmental protection and ecology, 2019, 20(A): 235-260.[32] CHAOCHOTECHUANG P, DANESHGAR F,MARIANO S.External knowledge search paths in open innovation processes of small and medium enterprises[J].European Journal of Innovation Management,2019,23(3):524-550.[33] FLEMING L,SORENSON O.Science as a map in technological search[J].Strategic Management Journal,2004,25(8-9):909-928.[34] LEVY R,ROUX P,WOLFF S.An analysis of science-industry collaborative patterns in a large European university[J].The Journal of Technology Transfer,2009,34(1):1-23.[35] GITTELMAN M,KOGUT B.Does good science lead to valuable knowledge? biotechnology firms and the evolutionary logic of citation patterns[J].Management Science,2003,49(4):366-382.[36] HENDERSON R M,CLARK K B.Architectural innovation:the reconfiguration of existing product technologies and the failure of established firms[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1990,35(1):9-30.[37] GUAN J C,LIU N.Exploitative and exploratory innovations in knowledge network and collaboration network:a patent analysis in the technological field of nano-energy[J].Research Policy,2016,45(1):97-112. |
|
|
|
